rules and preference for designing a website can differ from website to website depending on the target audience, whether it is entertainment website or corporate website or just a personal portfolio. but there are still somethings that are common in all websites, and if followed can make your site look better. so here are few things i would like to discuss.

網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)要根據(jù)目標(biāo)受眾，選擇設(shè)計(jì)方法。娛樂性網(wǎng)站，公司網(wǎng)站以及個(gè)人網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)方法都不相同。但是網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)中有一些通用原則，如果遵循這些規(guī)則，網(wǎng)站看上去會更專業(yè)。下面，介紹幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)。

1. font style and size
1.字號和字體

selecting a right font and size is essential. for example fonts such as verdana, arial and helvetica look especially good in websites, whereas fonts such as times new roman, courier, sans-serif... etc types won't look good. also the size of the font plays important role in website design, smaller sized fonts look neat but it is more difficult to read. so it is your decision to make a choice between the look and usability. following is the comparison between times new roman and verdana.

選擇合適的字號和字體，是網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)要考慮的一項(xiàng)重要內(nèi)容。比如說，網(wǎng)站中使用verdana、arial和helvetica字體，就會使頁面看起來非常舒服，然而， times new roman、courier、sans-serif等字體就不會有這樣的效果。同樣，字號在網(wǎng)站中也能發(fā)揮重要的作用，稍小的字號會使內(nèi)容看起來更整潔，但不利于用戶的瀏覽 。所以，你要在外觀和可用性方面作一個(gè)選擇。下面就是times new roman和verdana的一個(gè)比較：

2. using tables? don't forget the cellpadding
2.使用表格時(shí)利用cellpadding屬性

almost all the websites use tables in one way or another, but using tables with a sense of design will make your site look better. if you use tables background colors in your page, then it is very important to use cellpadding, otherwise all the text inside the table will stick to the border of the table. which is not recommended at all. here is the examples:

幾乎所有網(wǎng)站都會利用一種或者幾種表格，但是只有正確使用表格才會使網(wǎng)站看上去更美觀。如果在網(wǎng)頁中運(yùn)用表格背景色，那你必須要運(yùn)用cellpadding這個(gè)屬性，否則表格內(nèi)容會到邊緣，這樣的效果很不好。下面就是一個(gè)比較，上面的表格利用了cellpadding屬性，下面的沒有使用。

3. design websites for 800x600 resolution
3.網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)考慮800x600分辨率

while 1024x860 resolution is the most used resolution online, it is recommended to design your website 800x600 compatible. because there are people who still use 800x600 resolution. there are different ways to design a website which is compatible to 800x600 resolution.

現(xiàn)在，用戶使用最多的是1024x860分辨率，但是，必須保證網(wǎng)站可以在800x600分辨率的狀態(tài)下呈現(xiàn)，因?yàn)槿匀挥杏脩粼谑褂眠@個(gè)分辨率。要保證網(wǎng)站在800x600的分辨率下呈現(xiàn)，可以利用很多方法。

1. for example you can design it in a way that it will stretch to any size (any resolution), here is one good example of such website. alamy.com

1.比如說，你可以將網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)成能夠自動適應(yīng)任何尺寸（或任何分辨率）的網(wǎng)站，alamy.com就是這樣的一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。

2. another way is fixed size such as this website. the size does not change no matter how much is the resolution. yahoo.com

2.另一種方法就是將網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)成固定尺寸，比如：w3pop.com，它不會隨著分辨率的改變而改變。yahoo.com也是這樣的網(wǎng)站。

3. and finally not so user friendly but still acceptable design that is all the content is placed on the table not exceeding 800 pixels. there will still be a horizontal scroller on your browser but at least you don't have to scroll it when you are reading something on the site. here is a good example of such site: tomshardware.com

3.最后，還有一種方法雖然不是廣為人知，但仍然有人使用，那便是在表格中放置寬度不超過800像素的內(nèi)容。雖然會在瀏覽器上出現(xiàn)水平滾動條，但當(dāng)你閱讀信息時(shí)，你完全沒有使用它的必要。tomshardware.com就是這樣的一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。

4. pop up window? bad idea
4.避免出現(xiàn)彈出窗口

pop up windows are a good to catch user's attention and force him to take action (at least to make him close the window), but it is annoying and generally users don't like it. so unless it is very essential to use a pop up window for you - i would say avoid using it. even though you can program it to pop up only once, it is still considered a bad idea.

使用彈出窗口，確實(shí)能吸引用戶的注意力，促使他們采取行動（至少可以使它們閱讀內(nèi)容），但是大多數(shù)用戶對這個(gè)感到厭煩。因此，只有在非常有必要的情況下，才可以使用探出窗口，不過，最好是一次也不要用。

especially now with the browser's build in pop-up blockers, most of the popups are left blocked.

現(xiàn)在很多瀏覽器自帶了彈出框屏蔽器，大多數(shù)彈出框都會被屏蔽。

5. mention image height and width in html <width="120" height="100">
5.在html中使用<width="120" height="100">來設(shè)置圖片的高度和寬度

when browser opens a particular page it tries to understand the html, so when you leave the image without mentioning its dimensions, browser gets confused how much space it supposed to take, thus it will slow down the loading of the page. however if you mention the width and height of the image, browser can know exactly how much space should it allocate for particular image, and even before the image loads it can allocate this space to it and continue loading the rest of the page. so if you want your pages to load faster, don't forget to include image width and height.

當(dāng)瀏覽器打開網(wǎng)頁的時(shí)候，它會試圖讀懂html的語言，所以在沒有涉及到圖片尺寸的情況下，瀏覽器不了解圖片會占用多少空間，因此圖片下載速度會減慢。然而，如果設(shè)置了圖片的長度和寬度，瀏覽器就可以了解圖片的存儲空間，會在下載以前分配圖片的空間，然后繼續(xù)下載網(wǎng)頁的其它部分。所以，要使網(wǎng)頁下載速度加快，就需要在在html中使用<width="120" height="100">來設(shè)置圖片的高度和寬度。

6. follow the web conventions.
遵循網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)則

web conventions are very useful when it comes to web design, if you follow them you will make your user's life a lot easier. after all only useful things will become a convention. for example having the logo on the top-left corner of your website and linking it to the homepage is one of the conventions. or employing consistent navigation throughout your website is another convention.

在設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)站時(shí)，遵循網(wǎng)站規(guī)則很重要，這樣可以方便用戶進(jìn)行瀏覽。當(dāng)然，只有有效的方法才會成為規(guī)則。比如說，logo要放置在網(wǎng)站的左上角，并且可以與首頁進(jìn)行鏈接，這是一個(gè)規(guī)則。網(wǎng)站的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)要連貫是另外一個(gè)規(guī)則。

7. avoid under construction pages.
7.避免出現(xiàn)未建設(shè)完成的網(wǎng)頁

publish your websites only if it is fully completed, or if you have unfinished pages then do not put those pages online yet and do not provide link to them until they are fully completed. under construction pages are totally useless, it will waste your user's click and might even generate negative effect towards your website (or you). because if you think from user's perspective you don't want to click on the link just to find out that this page is under construction.

只有在網(wǎng)站建設(shè)完成之后，才可以在網(wǎng)上呈現(xiàn)，如果某些網(wǎng)頁沒有完成，就不要把它們放在網(wǎng)上，或者是不要進(jìn)行鏈接。未完成的網(wǎng)頁毫無作用，只會浪費(fèi)用戶的點(diǎn)擊時(shí)間，這樣會對網(wǎng)站產(chǎn)生消極的影響。因?yàn)椋绻驹谟脩舻慕嵌瓤紤]，你肯定不想鏈接完成之后，看到一個(gè)正在建設(shè)的網(wǎng)頁。

8. underlined texts that are not links.
8.不要給非鏈接文本內(nèi)容添加下劃線

nly links should be underlined, if you underline the text then make sure the user will not confuse it for a link.

能夠進(jìn)行鏈接的內(nèi)容可以加下劃線，但非鏈接文本就不要出現(xiàn)下劃線，因?yàn)檫@樣會使用戶產(chǎn)生混淆。

9. avoid intros and welcome pages
9.拋棄引導(dǎo)頁和歡迎頁

unless you have a very impressive intro (maybe designed by 2advanced) avoid using intros. as for the welcome pages that has an "enter" button and some info about the site should be avoided as well. basically with welcome page you are stopping your users from actually seeing your site, you are keeping them one step behind. you never know maybe some of your users leave your site without even clicking on your 'enter' button, if so then you are loosing a potential customers.

如果引導(dǎo)頁不是令人印象特別深刻，那就不要出現(xiàn)。出現(xiàn)“進(jìn)入”以及某些信息的歡迎網(wǎng)頁最好也不要出現(xiàn)。如果使用歡迎頁面，那就意味著用戶需要多點(diǎn)擊一次，才能找到所需要的內(nèi)容。你可能不知道，一些用戶在點(diǎn)擊“進(jìn)入”鍵之前就已經(jīng)離開網(wǎng)站了，這就意味著網(wǎng)站流失掉一些潛在用戶。