前言
在APP開發(fā)時(shí)，經(jīng)常會遇到要獲取手機(jī)狀態(tài)信息的場景，像升級時(shí)獲取版本號，像發(fā)生異常時(shí)要收集手機(jī)信息等等。有些軟件還要根據(jù)Mac地址來判定當(dāng)前用戶以前是否登錄過。下面將一一介紹獲取這些手機(jī)狀態(tài)信息的方法。
1 通過build獲取手機(jī)硬件信息
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
下面是Build類的字段所對應(yīng)的信息
String BOARD The name of the underlying board, like "goldfish".基板名String BOOTLOADER The system bootloader version number.String BRAND The brand (e.g., carrier) the software is customized for, if any.品牌名String CPU_ABI The name of the instruction set (CPU type + ABI convention) of native code.String CPU_ABI2 The name of the second instruction set (CPU type + ABI convention) of native code.String DEVICE The name of the industrial design.品牌型號名，如小米4對應(yīng)cancroString DISPLAY A build ID string meant for displaying to the userString FINGERPRINT A string that uniquely identifies this build.包含制造商，設(shè)備名，系統(tǒng)版本等諸多信息String HARDWARE The name of the hardware (from the kernel command line or /proc).String HOST String ID Either a changelist number, or a label like "M4-rc20".String MANUFACTURER The manufacturer of the product/hardware.String MODEL The end-user-visible name for the end product.String PRODUCT The name of the overall product.String RADIO The radio firmware version number.String SERIAL A hardware serial number, if available.String TAGS Comma-separated tags describing the build, like "unsigned,debug".long TIME 當(dāng)前時(shí)間，毫秒值String TYPE The type of build, like "user" or "eng".String UNKNOWN Value used for when a build property is unknown.String USER
//運(yùn)用反射得到build類里的字段 Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields(); //遍歷字段名數(shù)組 for (Field field : fields) { try { //將字段都設(shè)為public可獲取 field.setAccessible(true); //filed.get(null)得到的即是設(shè)備信息 haspmap.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString()); Log.d("CrashHandler", field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null)); } catch (Exception e) { } }下面是小米4對應(yīng)的設(shè)備信息
D/CrashHandler: BOARD : MSM8974D/CrashHandler: BOOTLOADER : unknownD/CrashHandler: BRAND : XiaomiD/CrashHandler: CPU_ABI : armeabi-v7aD/CrashHandler: CPU_ABI2 : armeabiD/CrashHandler: DEVICE : cancroD/CrashHandler: DISPLAY : MMB29MD/CrashHandler: FINGERPRINT : Xiaomi/cancro_wc_lte/cancro:6.0.1/MMB29M/V8.1.3.0.MXDCNDI:user/release-keysD/CrashHandler: HARDWARE : qcomD/CrashHandler: HOST : c3-miui-ota-bd43D/CrashHandler: ID : MMB29MD/CrashHandler: IS_DEBUGGABLE : falseD/CrashHandler: MANUFACTURER : XiaomiD/CrashHandler: MODEL : MI 4LTED/CrashHandler: PRODUCT : cancro_wc_lteD/CrashHandler: RADIO : unknown//設(shè)備的序列號碼-SERIALD/CrashHandler: SERIAL : abcdefghD/CrashHandler: SUPPORTED_32_BIT_ABIS : [Ljava.lang.String;@76b6d2bD/CrashHandler: SUPPORTED_64_BIT_ABIS : [Ljava.lang.String;@e42c588D/CrashHandler: SUPPORTED_ABIS : [Ljava.lang.String;@9cdbb21D/CrashHandler: TAG : BuildD/CrashHandler: TAGS : release-keysD/CrashHandler: TIME : 1478606340000D/CrashHandler: TYPE : userD/CrashHandler: UNKNOWN : unknownD/CrashHandler: USER : builder
2.通過getSystemService()來獲取Ip地址
Context.getSystemService()這個(gè)方法是非常實(shí)用的方法，只須在參數(shù)里輸入一個(gè)String 字符串常量就可得到對應(yīng)的服務(wù)管理方法，可以用來獲取絕大部分的系統(tǒng)信息，各個(gè)常量對應(yīng)的含義如下。
WINDOW_SERVICE (“window”)
The top-level window manager in which you can place custom windows. The returned object is a WindowManager.
LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE (“layout_inflater”)
A LayoutInflater for inflating layout resources in this context.
ACTIVITY_SERVICE (“activity”)
A ActivityManager for interacting with the global activity state of the system.
POWER_SERVICE (“power”)
A PowerManager for controlling power management.
ALARM_SERVICE (“alarm”)
A AlarmManager for receiving intents at the time of your choosing.
NOTIFICATION_SERVICE (“notification”)
A NotificationManager for informing the user of background events.
KEYGUARD_SERVICE (“keyguard”)
A KeyguardManager for controlling keyguard.
LOCATION_SERVICE (“location”)
A LocationManager for controlling location (e.g., GPS) updates.
SEARCH_SERVICE (“search”)
A SearchManager for handling search.
VIBRATOR_SERVICE (“vibrator”)
A Vibrator for interacting with the vibrator hardware.
CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE (“connection”)
A ConnectivityManager for handling management of network connections.
WIFI_SERVICE (“wifi”)
A WifiManager for management of Wi-Fi connectivity.
WIFI_P2P_SERVICE (“wifip2p”)
A WifiP2pManager for management of Wi-Fi Direct connectivity.
INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE (“input_method”)
An InputMethodManager for management of input methods.
UI_MODE_SERVICE (“uimode”)
An UiModeManager for controlling UI modes.
DOWNLOAD_SERVICE (“download”)
A DownloadManager for requesting HTTP downloads
BATTERY_SERVICE (“batterymanager”)
A BatteryManager for managing battery state
JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE (“taskmanager”)
A JobScheduler for managing scheduled tasks
NETWORK_STATS_SERVICE (“netstats”)
A NetworkStatsManager for querying network usage statistics.
Note: System services obtained via this API may be closely associated with the Context in which they are obtained from. In general, do not share the service objects between various different contexts (Activities, Applications, Services, Providers, etc.)
Parameters
name
The name of the desired service.
Returns
The service or null if the name does not exist.
要獲取IP地址需要用到Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE，這個(gè)常量所對應(yīng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的管理方法。
代碼如下需要權(quán)限：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
/**獲得IP地址，分為兩種情況，一是wifi下，二是移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)下，得到的ip地址是不一樣的*/ public static String getIPAddress() { Context context=MyApp.getContext(); NetworkInfo info = ((ConnectivityManager) context .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE)).getActiveNetworkInfo(); if (info != null && info.isConnected()) { if (info.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE) {//當(dāng)前使用2G/3G/4G網(wǎng)絡(luò) try { //Enumeration<NetworkInterface> en=NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces(); for (Enumeration<NetworkInterface> en = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces(); en.hasMoreElements(); ) { NetworkInterface intf = en.nextElement(); for (Enumeration<InetAddress> enumIpAddr = intf.getInetAddresses(); enumIpAddr.hasMoreElements(); ) { InetAddress inetAddress = enumIpAddr.nextElement(); if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress() && inetAddress instanceof Inet4Address) { return inetAddress.getHostAddress(); } } } } catch (SocketException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else if (info.getType() == ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI) {//當(dāng)前使用無線網(wǎng)絡(luò) WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE); WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo(); //調(diào)用方法將int轉(zhuǎn)換為地址字符串 String ipAddress = intIP2StringIP(wifiInfo.getIpAddress());//得到IPV4地址 return ipAddress; } } else { //當(dāng)前無網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接,請?jiān)谠O(shè)置中打開網(wǎng)絡(luò) } return null; } /** * 將得到的int類型的IP轉(zhuǎn)換為String類型 * @param ip * @return */ public static String intIP2StringIP(int ip) { return (ip & 0xFF) + "." + ((ip >> 8) & 0xFF) + "." + ((ip >> 16) & 0xFF) + "." + (ip >> 24 & 0xFF); }3.獲得Mac地址
我們知道m(xù)ac地址是網(wǎng)卡的唯一標(biāo)識，通過這個(gè)可以判斷網(wǎng)絡(luò)當(dāng)前連接的手機(jī)設(shè)備有幾臺。代碼如下：
public static String getMacAddress(){ /*獲取mac地址有一點(diǎn)需要注意的就是android 6.0版本后，以下注釋方法不再適用，不管任何手機(jī)都會返回"02:00:00:00:00:00"這個(gè)默認(rèn)的mac地址，這是googel官方為了加強(qiáng)權(quán)限管理而禁用了getSYstemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE)方法來獲得mac地址。*/ // String macAddress= "";// WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) MyApp.getContext().getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);// WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();// macAddress = wifiInfo.getMacAddress();// return macAddress; String macAddress = null; StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(); NetworkInterface networkInterface = null; try { networkInterface = NetworkInterface.getByName("eth1"); if (networkInterface == null) { networkInterface = NetworkInterface.getByName("wlan0"); } if (networkInterface == null) { return "02:00:00:00:00:02"; } byte[] addr = networkInterface.getHardwareAddress(); for (byte b : addr) { buf.append(String.format("%02X:", b)); } if (buf.length() > 0) { buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1); } macAddress = buf.toString(); } catch (SocketException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "02:00:00:00:00:02"; } return macAddress; }4.獲取手機(jī)號碼、IMEI碼
/**獲取手機(jī)的IMEI號碼*/ public static String getPhoneIMEI() { TelephonyManager mTm = (TelephonyManager) MyApp.getContext().getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE); String imei = mTm.getDeviceId(); String imsi = mTm.getSubscriberId(); String mtype = android.os.Build.MODEL; // 手機(jī)型號 String numer = mTm.getLine1Number(); // 手機(jī)號碼，有的可得，有的不可得 return imei; }總結(jié)
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