一 對象解構
對象解構語法在賦值語句的左側使用了對象字面量
let node = { type: true, name: false}//既聲明又賦值let { type, name} = node;//或者先聲明再賦值let type, name({type,name} = node);console.log(type);//trueconsole.log(name);//falsetype與name標識符既聲明了本地變量,也讀取了對象的相應屬性值。
解構賦值表達式的值為表達式右側的值。當解構表達式的右側的計算結果為null或者undefined時,會拋出錯誤。
默認值
當你使用解構賦值語句時,如果所指定的本地變量在對象中沒有找到同名屬性,那么該變量會被賦值為undefined
let node = { type: true, name: false}, type, name, value;({type,value,name} = node);console.log(type);//trueconsole.log(name);//falseconsole.log(value);//undefined你可以選擇性地定義一個默認值,以便在指定屬性不存在時使用該值。
let node = { type: true, name: false }, type, name, value;({ type, value = true, name} = node);console.log(type);//trueconsole.log(name);//falseconsole.log(value);//true賦值給不同的本地變量名
let node = { type: true, name: false, value: "dd"}let { type: localType, name: localName, value: localValue = "cc"} = node;console.log(localType);console.log(localName);console.log(localValue);type:localType這種語法表示要讀取名為type的屬性,并把它的值存儲在變量localType上。該語法與傳統對象字面量的語法相反
嵌套的對象結構
let node = {type: "Identifier",name: "foo",loc: { start: { line: 1, column: 1 }, end: { line: 1, column: 4 }}}let {loc: localL,loc: { start: localS, end: localE}} = node;console.log(localL);// start: {line: 1,column: 1},end: {line: 1,column: 4}console.log(localS);//{line: 1,column: 1}console.log(localE);//{line: 1,column: 4}當冒號右側存在花括號時,表示目標被嵌套在對象的更深一層中(loc: {start: localS,end: localE})
二 數據解構
數組解構的語法看起來跟對象解構非常相似,只是將對象字面量換成了數組字面量。
let colors = ["red", "blue", "green"];let [firstC, secondC, thirdC, thursC = "yellow"] = colors;console.log(firstC//redconsole.log(secondC);//blueconsole.log(thirdC);//greenconsole.log(thursC);//yellow
你也可以在解構模式中忽略一些項,并只給感興趣的項提供變量名。
let colors = ["red","green","blue"];let [,,thirdC] = colors;console.log(thirdC);//blue
thirdC之前的逗號是為數組前面的項提供的占位符。使用這種方法,你就可以輕易從數組任意位置取出值,而無需給其他項提供名稱。
解構賦值
let colors = ["red","green","blue"], firstColor = "black", secondColor = "purple";[firstColor,secondColor] = colors;console.log(firstColor);//redconsole.log(secondColor);//green
數組解構有一個非常獨特的用例,能輕易的互換兩個變量的值。
let a =1,b =2;[a,b] = [b,a];console.log(a);//2console.log(b);//1
嵌套的解構
let colors = ["red", ["green", "blue"], "yellow"];let [firstC, [, ssc]] = colors;console.log(ssc);//blue
剩余項
let colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];let [firstC, ...restC] = colors;console.log(firstC);console.log(...restC);console.log(restC[0]);//greenconsole.log(restC[1]);//blue
使用剩余項可以進行數組克隆
let colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];let [...restC] = colors;console.log(restC);//["red", "green","blue"]
三 混合解構
let node = {type: "Identifier",name: 'foo',loc: { start: { line: 1, column: 1 }, end: { line: 1, column: 4 }},range: [0, 3]}let {type,name: localName,loc: { start: { line: ll }, end: { column: col }},range: [, second]} = node;console.log(type);//Identifierconsole.log(localName);//fooconsole.log(ll);//1console.log(col);//4console.log(second);//3以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持VeVb武林網。
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