通過js實現頁面的倒計時功能。
思路: 傳入一個秒數c,c/60可以得到分鐘m, c%60可以得到顯示的秒數s,同理,再將m/60可是得到小時數, m/%可以得到分鐘數。通過setInterval每次將總秒數-1,并將計算所得時間顯示到頁面上。
第一版的骯臟代碼如下, 可以作為反面教材思考一下
<html>   <head>     <title>Tomato</title>     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />     <script type="text/javascript">       var vTimeLength = 5;       var vHour;       var vMinutes;       var vSeconds;       var vRemainingTime;       function countDown(){         vTimeLength = vTimeLength - 1;         vMinutes = Math.floor(vTimeLength/60);         vSeconds = Math.floor(vTimeLength%60);         if (vMinutes >= 60){           vHour = Math.floor(vMinutes/60);           var vMinutesNew = Math.floor(vMinutes%60);           vRemainingTime = vHour + ":" + vMinutesNew + ":" + vSeconds;         } else {           vRemainingTime = vMinutes + ":" + vSeconds;         }         document.getElementById("div_countDown").innerHTML = vRemainingTime;         if (vTimeLength < 1) {           alert('do sth');         }       }     </script>   </head>   <body>     <div id="div_countDown"></div>     <script type="text/javascript">       setInterval("countDown()", 1000);     </script>   </body> </html> 缺陷:
1、定義了眾多的全局變量,
2、沒有復用性,
3、setInterval容易導致隊列過多, 結束事件如果是非阻塞事件, 倒計時會繼續執行出現負數,
4、不符合面向對象思想。。。
針對缺陷1的解決方案是, 定義一個函數, 將相關全局變量放到函數內部,使之成為局部變量
針對缺陷2:為函數指定參數,提高復用性。 這里定義了3個參數vTimeLength為倒計時總秒數,showTagId為顯示到頁面元素的id, callback為倒計時結束后的回掉方法
針對缺陷3:用setTimeout替代setInterval
優化后的代碼如下:
<html>   <head>     <title>countdown</title>     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />     <script type="text/javascript">       function countDown(vTimeLength, showTagId, callback) {         var vHour;         var vMinutes;         var vMinutesNew         var vSeconds;         var vRemainingTime;         function countDownInner(vTimeLength){           vMinutes = Math.floor(vTimeLength/60);           vSeconds = Math.floor(vTimeLength%60);           if (vMinutes >= 60){             vHour = Math.floor(vMinutes/60);             vMinutesNew = Math.floor(vMinutes%60);             vRemainingTime = vHour + ":" + vMinutesNew + ":" + vSeconds;           } else {             vRemainingTime = vMinutes + ":" + vSeconds;           }           document.getElementById(showTagId).innerHTML = vRemainingTime;           vTimeLength = vTimeLength - 1;           if (vTimeLength > 0) {             setTimeout(function(){countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000);           } else {             callback();           }         }         countDownInner(vTimeLength);       }     </script>   </head>   <body>     <div id="div_countDown"></div>     <script type="text/javascript">       countDown(5, "div_countDown", function(){alert('do sth');});     </script>   </body> </html> 這里有一點需要注意
	setTimeout(function(){countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000);  
第一次我將此句寫成了
	setTimeout(countDownInner(vTimeLength), 1000);  
結果函數直接執行了, 沒有等待1秒的時間。如果沒有入參, 即setTimeout("countDownInner()", 1000); 則可正常執行。
至于前面提到的不夠面向對象的缺陷, 也是剛剛接觸, 這里貼出代碼,希望能夠互相交流
<html>   <head>     <title>count_down</title>     <script type="text/javascript">     var countDown = {       flag: true,        hour: 0,       minutes: 0,       minutesNew: 0,       seconds: 0,       show: 0,       current: 0,       length: 0,       showTagId: null,       // callback: null,       countDownInner: function(vTimeLength){         if (!this.flag) {           return;         }         var that=this;         this.current = vTimeLength;         minutes = Math.floor(vTimeLength/60);         seconds = Math.floor(vTimeLength%60);         if (minutes >= 60){           hour = Math.floor(minutes/60);           minutesNew = Math.floor(minutes%60);           show = hour + ":" + minutesNew + ":" + seconds;         } else {           show = minutes + ":" + seconds;         }         document.getElementById(this.showTagId).innerHTML = show;         vTimeLength = vTimeLength - 1;         if (vTimeLength > 0) {           setTimeout(function(){that.countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000);         } else {           setTimeout(function(){that.callback();}, 1000);         }       },       run: function(vTimeLength, showTagId, callback) {         if (!this.flag) {           this.flag = true;           this.countDownInner(this.current);         } else if (showTagId) {           this.length = vTimeLength;           this.showTagId = showTagId;           this.callback = callback;           this.countDownInner(vTimeLength);           }       },       stop: function(){         this.flag = false;       },        restart: function(){         this.flag = true;         this.countDownInner(this.length);       }     };     function countDownStart() {       countDown.run();     }     function countDownStop() {       countDown.stop();     }     </script>   </head>   <body>     <div id="div_countDown"></div>     <script type="text/javascript">       countDown.run(5, 'div_countDown',function(){alert('12')});     </script>     <span>       <button onclick="countDownStart();">start</button>       <button onclick="countDownStop();">stop</button>     </span>   </body> </html> 一個難點是this的使用, 在函數內部, this是調用當前函數范圍,所以setTimeout(function(){this.countDownInner(vTimeLength);}, 1000);會出現undefined。
解決方案是定義一個that變量接收外部函數的this指針,然后通過that即可調用外部域。
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