通過yiic.php自動創(chuàng)建一個應(yīng)用后,入口文件初始代碼如下:
- // change the following paths if necessary
- $yii=dirname(__FILE__).'/../yii/framework/yii.php';
- $config=dirname(__FILE__).'/protected/config/main.php';
- // remove the following lines when in production mode
- defined('YII_DEBUG') or define('YII_DEBUG',true);
- // specify how many levels of call stack should be shown in each log message
- defined('YII_TRACE_LEVEL') or define('YII_TRACE_LEVEL',3);
- require_once($yii);
- Yii::createWebApplication($config)->run();
其中第三行引入了一個yii.php的文件,這個可以在yii核心目錄里的framework/下找到,這個文件中定義了一個Yii類,并且繼承了YiiBase類。
代碼如下:
- require(dirname(__FILE__).'/YiiBase.php');
- /**
- * Yii is a helper class serving common framework functionalities.
- *
- * It encapsulates {@link YiiBase} which provides the actual implementation.
- * By writing your own Yii class, you can customize some functionalities of YiiBase.
- *
- * @author Qiang Xue <qiang.xue@gmail.com>
- * @package system
- * @since 1.0
- */
- class Yii extends YiiBase
- {
- }
- </qiang.xue@gmail.com>
而:
Yii::createWebApplication
這個方法實際上是在YiiBase父類中定義的,所以,Yii為我們預(yù)留了擴(kuò)展的可能。我們只需要在yii.php中添加我們想要擴(kuò)展的方法即可,在項目中直接使用 Yii::方法名() 調(diào)用。
為了將項目代碼和核心目錄完全分離,我個人覺得在項目目錄下使用另外一個yii.php來替代從核心目錄中包含yii.php更加好。
這里我用了更加極端的方法,我直接將yii這個類定義在了入口文件,并擴(kuò)展了一個全局工廠函數(shù) instance()方法,請看代碼:
- // change the following paths if necessary
- $yii=dirname(__FILE__).'/../yii/framework/YiiBase.php';
- $config=dirname(__FILE__).'/protected/config/main.php';
- // remove the following lines when in production mode
- defined('YII_DEBUG') or define('YII_DEBUG',true);
- // specify how many levels of call stack should be shown in each log message
- defined('YII_TRACE_LEVEL') or define('YII_TRACE_LEVEL',3);
- require_once($yii);
- //擴(kuò)展基類
- class Yii extends YiiBase{
- /**
- * 全局?jǐn)U展方法:工廠函數(shù)
- * @param type $alias 類庫別名
- */
- static function instance($alias){
- static $_class_ = array();
- $key = md5($alias);
- if(!isset($_class_[$key])){
- $_class_[$key] = self::createComponent($alias);
- }
- return $_class_[$key];
- }
- }
- Yii::createWebApplication($config)->run();
這個類是在最后一行Yii::createWebApplication()之前定義的,以保證Yii類能正常使用(不要把這個類放在文件末尾,會出錯。)
在項目中任何地方,使用$obj = Yii::instance($alias);去實例化一個類,并且是單例模式。
YiiBase中的兩個比較重要的方法 (import,autoload)
然后看看YiiBase中的import方法就知道這些靜態(tài)變量是干嘛用的了:
- /* Yii::import()
- * $alias: 要導(dǎo)入的類名或路徑
- * $forceInclude false:只導(dǎo)入不include類文件,true則導(dǎo)入并include類文件
- */
- public static function import($alias, $forceInclude = false){
- //Yii把所有的依賴放入到這個全局的$_imports數(shù)組中,名字不能重復(fù)
- //如果當(dāng)前依賴已經(jīng)被引入過了,那么直接返回
- if (isset(self::$_imports[$alias])) {
- return self::$_imports[$alias];
- }
- //class_exists和interface_exists方法的第二個參數(shù)的值為false表示不autoload
- if (class_exists($alias, false) || interface_exists($alias, false)) {
- return self::$_imports[$alias] = $alias;
- }
- //如果傳進(jìn)來的是一個php5.3版本的命名空間格式的類(例如:a/b/c.php)
- if (($pos = strrpos($alias, '//')) !== false) {
- //$namespace = a.b
- $namespace = str_replace('//', '.', ltrim(substr($alias, 0, $pos), '//'));
- //判斷a.b這個路徑是否存在,或者a.b只是alias里面的一個鍵,調(diào)用該方法返回這個鍵對應(yīng)的值,比如'email' => realpath(__DIR__ . '/../vendor/cornernote/yii-email-module/email')
- if (($path = self::getPathOfAlias($namespace)) !== false) {
- $classFile = $path . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . substr($alias, $pos + 1) . '.php';
- if ($forceInclude) {
- if (is_file($classFile)) {
- require($classFile);
- } else {
- throw new CException(Yii::t('yii', 'Alias "{alias}" is invalid. Make sure it points to an existing PHP file and the file is readable.', array('{alias}' => $alias)));
- }
- self::$_imports[$alias] = $alias;
- } else {
- self::$classMap[$alias] = $classFile;
- }
- return $alias;
- } else {
- // try to autoload the class with an autoloader
- if (class_exists($alias, true)) {
- return self::$_imports[$alias] = $alias;
- } else {
- throw new CException(Yii::t('yii', 'Alias "{alias}" is invalid. Make sure it points to an existing directory or file.', array('{alias}' => $namespace)));
- }
- }
- }
- if (($pos = strrpos($alias, '.')) === false) // a simple class name
- {
- // try to autoload the class with an autoloader if $forceInclude is true
- if ($forceInclude && (Yii::autoload($alias, true) || class_exists($alias, true))) {
- self::$_imports[$alias] = $alias;
- }
- return $alias;
- }
- $className = (string)substr($alias, $pos + 1);
- $isClass = $className !== '*';
- if ($isClass && (class_exists($className, false) || interface_exists($className, false))) {
- return self::$_imports[$alias] = $className;
- }
- if (($path = self::getPathOfAlias($alias)) !== false) {
- if ($isClass) {
- if ($forceInclude) {
- if (is_file($path . '.php')) {
- require($path . '.php');
- } else {
- throw new CException(Yii::t('yii', 'Alias "{alias}" is invalid. Make sure it points to an existing PHP file and the file is readable.', array('{alias}' => $alias)));
- }
- self::$_imports[$alias] = $className;
- } else {
- self::$classMap[$className] = $path . '.php';
- }
- return $className;
- }
- // $alias是'system.web.*'這樣的已*結(jié)尾的路徑,將路徑加到include_path中
- else // a directory
- {
- if (self::$_includePaths === null) {
- self::$_includePaths = array_unique(explode(PATH_SEPARATOR, get_include_path()));
- if (($pos = array_search('.', self::$_includePaths, true)) !== false) {
- unset(self::$_includePaths[$pos]);
- }
- }
- array_unshift(self::$_includePaths, $path);
- if (self::$enableIncludePath && set_include_path('.' . PATH_SEPARATOR . implode(PATH_SEPARATOR, self::$_includePaths)) === false) {
- self::$enableIncludePath = false;
- }
- return self::$_imports[$alias] = $path;
- //Vevb.com
- }
- } else {
- throw new CException(Yii::t('yii', 'Alias "{alias}" is invalid. Make sure it points to an existing directory or file.', array('{alias}' => $alias)));
- }
- }
是的,上面這個方法最后就把要加載的東西都放到$_imports,$_includePaths中去了。這就是Yii的import方法,好的,接下來我們看看autoload方法:
- public static function autoload($className, $classMapOnly = false){ // use include so that the error PHP file may appear
- if (isset(self::$classMap[$className])) {
- include(self::$classMap[$className]);
- } elseif (isset(self::$_coreClasses[$className])) {
- include(YII_PATH . self::$_coreClasses[$className]);
- } elseif ($classMapOnly) {
- return false;
- } else {
- // include class file relying on include_path
- if (strpos($className, '//') === false)
- // class without namespace
- {
- if (self::$enableIncludePath === false) {
- foreach (self::$_includePaths as $path) {
- $classFile = $path . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $className . '.php';
- if (is_file($classFile)) {
- include($classFile);
- if (YII_DEBUG && basename(realpath($classFile)) !== $className . '.php') {
- throw new CException(Yii::t('yii', 'Class name "{class}" does not match class file "{file}".', array( '{class}' => $className, '{file}' => $classFile, )));
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- } else {
- include($className . '.php');
- }
- } else // class name with namespace in PHP 5.3
- {
- $namespace = str_replace('//', '.', ltrim($className, '//'));
- if (($path = self::getPathOfAlias($namespace)) !== false) {
- include($path . '.php');
- } else {
- return false;
- }
- }
- return class_exists($className, false) || interface_exists($className, false); } return true;}
config文件中的 import 項里的類或路徑在腳本啟動中會被自動導(dǎo)入。用戶應(yīng)用里個別類需要引入的類可以在類定義前加入 Yii::import() 語句。
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