1. 安裝網卡

機器太新，以至于現有的Linux版本無法認出，比如機器找不到網卡，這時候怎么辦呢？

別急，首先你需要知道網卡是什么型號的，以本實驗室新購入的電腦為例，它的網卡是集成的，型號是Realtek RTL8168/8111 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC。然后我們到Realtek的官方網站去下載相應的Linux驅動程序r8168-8.005.00.tar.bz2，按照說明安裝。

Unpack the tarball :

# tar vjxf r8168-8.aaa.bb.tar.bz2

Change to the directory:

# cd r8168-8.aaa.bb

If you are running the target kernel, then you should be able to do :

# make clean modules (as root or with sudo)

# make install

# /sbin/depmod -a

# /sbin/insmod ./src/r8168.ko (or r8168.o in linux kernel 2.4.x)

You can check whether the driver is loaded by using following commands.

# /sbin/lsmod | grep r8168(看看有沒有加載網卡驅動)

# /sbin/ifconfig –a(看看有沒有相關網卡被啟動的信息)

If there is a device name, ethX, shown on the monitor, the linux

driver is loaded. Then, you can use the following command to activate

the ethX.

# ifconfig ethX up

,where X=0,1,2,...

這里也可以通過系統→管理→網絡來設置IP地址等，最后激活。

1. Set manually

a. Set the IP address of your machine.

# ifconfig ethX "the IP address of your machine"

b. Set the IP address of DNS.

Insert the following configuration in /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver "the IP address of DNS"

c. Set the IP address of gateway.

# route add default gw "the IP address of gateway"

2. Set by doing configurations in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

/ifcfg-ethX for Redhat and Fedora, or /etc/sysconfig/network

/ifcfg-ethX for SuSE. There are two examples to set network

configurations.

a. Fix IP address:

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=ethernet

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

IPADDR=192.168.1.1

GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

BROADCAST=192.168.1.255

2. 修改：＃vi /etc/hosts，在該文本中，增加兩行：

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

192.168.4.101 node3（根據機器本身情況設置）

修改：vi /etc/hosts.equiv，增加一行：(如果沒有該文本，可建立一個)

node3

3. 啟動ssh服務

大部分的Linux版本應該都會自帶該程序

＃ssh-keygen

＃cd .ssh

＃cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

＃ssh node3（如果成功，會顯示上次登陸的時間， node3是主機名）

附加信息：

ifup eth0看看能否啟動eth0

lsmod看看有沒有加載網卡驅動

dmesg看看有沒有網卡啟動時的錯誤信息