python 網絡編程詳解
網絡編程的專利權應該屬于Unix，各個平臺（如windows、Linux等）、各門語言（C、C++、Python、Java等）所實現的符合自身特性的語法都大同小異。在我看來，懂得了Unix的socket網絡編程，其他的形式的網絡編程方法也就知道了。這句話說得還不太嚴謹。準確的應該說成懂得了socket編程的原理，網絡編程也就知道了，不同之處就在于每個平臺，每個語言都有自己專享的語法，我們直接靈活套用就行了。
下面是用python實現的最基本的網絡編程的例子，即依托于客戶端-服務器的架構，實現客戶端與服務器之間的單向“數據流通”。我們分別用兩個方法來實現，一個方法是最原始的socket編程，另一個方法是利用python的面向對象對第一種方法進行封裝實現，目的是減少實現透明性，便于快速開發。
要求：客戶端輸入數據，發送到服務端，服務器端生成（時間戳+數據）的封裝數據回應客戶端。由于socket編程包括兩種：面向連接的和無連接的，這兩種分別對應TCP數據流和UDP數據報文。所以，我們兩種方法都進行實現。
一、Python socket編程
面向連接的TCP socket編程：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 3 from socket import *from time import ctime # Address and PortHOST = ''PORT = 21567ADDR = (HOST, PORT)# BuffSizeBUFSIZ = 1024# build sockettcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)# bind sockettcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)# listen 5 client tcpSerSock.listen(5)try: while True: print 'waiting for connection...' # build client socket tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept() print '...connect from:', addr # accept data and process while True: data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ) if not data: break tcpCliSock.send('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)) # close client socket tcpCliSock.close()except EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt: tcpSerSock.close()# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-from socket import *# Address and Port HOST = '127.0.0.1'PORT = 21567ADDR = (HOST, PORT)# BufferSizeBUFSIZ = 1024#build socket tcpCliSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)tcpCliSocket.connect(ADDR)while True: data = raw_input('> ') if not data: break # send data tcpCliSocket.send(data) # recv data data = tcpCliSocket.recv(BUFSIZ) if not data: break # show data print datatcpCliSocket.close()無連接的UDP socket編程
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from socket import *from time import ctime # Address and Port HOST = ''PORT = 8000ADDR = (HOST, PORT)# BufferSizeBUFFSIZE = 1024# build socketudpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)# bind socketudpSerSock.bind(ADDR)try: while True: print 'waiting the message...' data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFFSIZE) print 'received the message: '+data+' from: ', addr udpSerSock.sendto('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data), addr)except EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt: udpSerSock.close()# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from socket import *# Address and Port HOST = 'localhost'PORT = 8000ADDR = (HOST, PORT)# BufferSizeBUFSIZ = 1024# build socket udpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)while True: data = raw_input('> ') udpCliSock.sendto(data, ADDR) data = udpCliSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZ) if not data: break print data udpCliSock.close()二、基于封裝類SocketServer的網絡編程
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from SocketServer import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH from time import ctime # Address and PortHOST = ''PORT = 21567ADDR = (HOST, PORT)# BuffSizeBUFSIZ = 1024# build RequestHandlerclass MyRequestHandler(SRH): def handle(self): print '...connected from: ', self.client_address self.wfile.write('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), self.rfile.readline()))# build TCPServerTCPServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)print 'waiting for connection...'# loop to processTCPServ.serve_forever()# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-from socket import *# Address and Port HOST = '127.0.0.1'PORT = 21567ADDR = (HOST, PORT)# BufferSizeBUFSIZ = 1024while True: # note: SocketServer 的請求處理器的默認行為是接受連接， # 得到請求，然后就關閉連接，所以需要多次連接 tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM) tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR) # process data data = raw_input('> ') if not data: break tcpCliSock.send('%s/r/n' % data) data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ) if not data: break print data.strip() tcpCliSock.close()感謝閱讀，希望能幫助大家，謝謝大家對本站的支持！
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