Github Source： https://github.com/Ganiks/django
上一篇中我們已經創建了一個
blog app，現在來用一下~
自定義下 blog/model.py
from django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib import admin# Create your models here.#django.db.models.Model is the core partof the ORM system of Djangoclass BlogPost(models.Model): # Django will add an auto-increment, unique id title = models.CharField(max_length=150) body = models.TextField() timestamp = models.DateTimeField()class BlogPostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('title', 'timestamp')admin.site.register(BlogPost, BlogPostAdmin)[11/Sep/2014 16:26:23] "POST /admin/blog/blogpost/add/ HTTP/1.1" 200 5177[11/Sep/2014 16:26:23] "GET /admin/jsi18n/ HTTP/1.1" 200 2372[11/Sep/2014 16:26:23] "GET /static/admin/img/icon_error.gif HTTP/1.1" 200 319[11/Sep/2014 16:26:28] "POST /admin/blog/blogpost/add/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0[11/Sep/2014 16:26:28] "GET /admin/blog/blogpost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 4597[11/Sep/2014 16:26:28] "GET /admin/jsi18n/ HTTP/1.1" 200 2372Performing system checks...System check identified no issues (0 silenced).September 11, 2014 - 16:28:13Django version 1.7, using settings 'mysite.settings'Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /admin/blog/blogpost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 4779[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/CSS/base.css HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/js/core.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/css/changelists.css HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/js/admin/RelatedObjectLookups.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/js/jquery.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/js/jquery.init.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /static/admin/js/actions.js HTTP/1.1" 304 0[11/Sep/2014 16:28:27] "GET /admin/jsi18n/ HTTP/1.1" 200 2372
update post的界面呢？但是按照一般習慣，是不是應該還有個view post的界面?。。。?/h4>完成了app的數據庫和admin部分后，來看看面向公眾的頁面部分。
從Django的角度來說， 一個也沒具有3個典型的組件：
Contextganiks.liu@MAMIS-GAIKS-LIU /E/mysite/mysite/blog/templates (master)$ ls -ltotal 1-rw-r--r-- 1 ganiks.l Administ 121 Sep 11 16:34 archive.htmlganiks.liu@MAMIS-GAIKS-LIU /E/mysite/mysite/blog/templates (master)$ cat archive.html{% for post in posts %}<h2>{{ post.title }}</h2><p>{{ post.timestamp }}</p><p>{{ post.body }}</p>{% endfor %}#Django1.7 versionfrom django.shortcuts import renderfrom mysite.blog.models import BlogPost# Create your views here.def archive(request): posts = BlogPost.objects.all() return render(request, 'archive.html', {'posts': posts})看看老版本的
#Django old versionsfrom django.template import loader, Contextfrom django.http import HttPResponsefrom mysite.blog.models import BlogPostdef archive(request): posts = BlogPost.objects.all() return HttpResponse(loader.get_template("archive.html").render(Context({'posts': posts })))先修改下mysite的url
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, urlfrom django.contrib import adminurlpatterns = patterns('', # Examples: # url(r'^$', 'mysite.views.home', name='home'), url(r'^blog/', include('mysite.blog.urls')), url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),)再在mysite.blog目錄下創建urls.py
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, urlfrom mysite.blog.views import archiveurlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^$', archive),)訪問下http://localhost:8000/blog/就可以看到blog列表的效果了
這里考慮到模板在后期的可重用性，將之前的archive.html拆分出一個base.html
<html><style type="text/css" charset="uft-8">body{ background: #ededed; margin: 0; padding: 20px;}h1{ color: brown; padding: 10px; border: 2px solid #000de3;}</style><body><h1>http://m.survivalescaperooms.com/ganiks/</h1>{% block content %}{% endblock %}</body></html>{% extends "base.html" %}{% block content %} {% for post in posts %} <h2>{{ post.title }}</h2> <p>{{ post.timestamp }}</p> <p>{{ post.body }}</p> {% endfor %}{% endblock %}
如圖，blog列表中文章并沒有按照時間倒序排列；想要做到這個，有2種方式：
修改model排序和或者在view中給BlogPost.objects.all()添加排序方法
這里采用修改model，很簡單，給model頂一個Meta嵌套類,然后設置ordering屬性
from django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib import admin# Create your models here.#django.db.models.Model is the core partof the ORM system of Djangoclass BlogPost(models.Model): # Django will add an auto-increment, unique id title = models.CharField(max_length=150) body = models.TextField() timestamp = models.DateTimeField() class Meta: ordering = ('-timestamp',)class BlogPostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('title', 'timestamp')admin.site.register(BlogPost, BlogPostAdmin)千萬不要忘記
ordering = ('-timestamp', )小括號結尾的逗號！
這代表這是一個單元素的元組，而不是一個帶小括號的字符串。
比如，可以這樣定義排序ordering = ('-timestamp', 'title')
看看這個頁面還有沒有不順眼的地方，比如
Sept. 11, 2014, 4:23 p.m.這個玩意的格式不爽
這個東西，是一個表示層的細節，所以最適合用的地方就是在模板中
<p>{{ post.timestamp }|date }} </p><p>{{ post.timestamp }|date:"l, F jS" }} </p>好了，顯示變成了Friday, September 12th
注意，這里不要在冒號兩邊留有空格，Django的模板引擎對空格敏感(真的假的？貌似沒影響啊我這里)
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