int（整型）

　　在64位系統(tǒng)上，整數(shù)的位數(shù)為64位，取值范圍為-2**63～2**63-1，即-9223372036854775808～9223372036854775807

class int(object):    """    int(x=0) -> int or long    int(x, base=10) -> int or long        Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments    are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.    If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.        If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or    Unicode object rePResenting an integer literal in the given base.  The    literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace.    The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to    interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.    >>> int('0b100', base=0)    """    def bit_length(self):         """ 返回表示該數(shù)字的時占用的最少位數(shù) """        """        int.bit_length() -> int                Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.        >>> bin(37)        '0b100101'        >>> (37).bit_length()        """        return 0    def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        """ 返回該復數(shù)的共軛復數(shù) """        """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """        pass    def __abs__(self):        """ 返回絕對值 """        """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """        pass    def __add__(self, y):        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """        pass    def __and__(self, y):        """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """        pass    def __cmp__(self, y):         """ 比較兩個數(shù)大小 """        """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """        pass    def __coerce__(self, y):        """ 強制生成一個元組 """         """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """        pass    def __divmod__(self, y):         """ 相除，得到商和余數(shù)組成的元組 """         """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """        pass    def __div__(self, y):         """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """        pass    def __float__(self):         """ 轉換為浮點類型 """         """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """        pass    def __floordiv__(self, y):         """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """        pass    def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        pass    def __getattribute__(self, name):         """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """        pass    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        """ 內部調用 __new__方法或創(chuàng)建對象時傳入參數(shù)使用 """         pass    def __hash__(self):         """如果對象object為哈希表類型，返回對象object的哈希值。哈希值為整數(shù)。在字典查找中，哈希值用于快速比較字典的鍵。兩個數(shù)值如果相等，則哈希值也相等。"""        """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """        pass    def __hex__(self):         """ 返回當前數(shù)的 十六進制 表示 """         """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """        pass    def __index__(self):         """ 用于切片，數(shù)字無意義 """        """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """        pass    def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__        """ 構造方法，執(zhí)行 x = 123 或 x = int(10) 時，自動調用，暫時忽略 """         """        int(x=0) -> int or long        int(x, base=10) -> int or long                Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments        are given.  If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.        If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.                If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or        Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base.  The        literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace.        The base defaults to 10.  Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.  Base 0 means to        interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.        >>> int('0b100', base=0)        # (copied from class doc)        """        pass    def __int__(self):         """ 轉換為整數(shù) """         """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """        pass    def __invert__(self):         """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """        pass    def __long__(self):         """ 轉換為長整數(shù) """         """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """        pass    def __lshift__(self, y):         """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """        pass    def __mod__(self, y):         """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """        pass    def __mul__(self, y):         """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """        pass    def __neg__(self):         """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """        pass    @staticmethod # known case of __new__    def __new__(S, *more):         """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """        pass    def __nonzero__(self):         """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """        pass    def __oct__(self):         """ 返回改值的 八進制 表示 """         """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """        pass    def __or__(self, y):         """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """        pass    def __pos__(self):         """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """        pass    def __pow__(self, y, z=None):         """ 冪，次方 """         """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """        pass    def __radd__(self, y):         """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """        pass    def __rand__(self, y):         """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """        pass    def __rdivmod__(self, y):         """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """        pass    def __rdiv__(self, y):         """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """        pass    def __repr__(self):         """轉化為解釋器可讀取的形式 """        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """        pass    def __str__(self):         """轉換為人閱讀的形式，如果沒有適于人閱讀的解釋形式的話，則返回解釋器課閱讀的形式"""        """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """        pass    def __rfloordiv__(self, y):         """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """        pass    def __rlshift__(self, y):         """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """        pass    def __rmod__(self, y):         """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """        pass    def __rmul__(self, y):         """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """        pass    def __ror__(self, y):         """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """        pass    def __rpow__(self, x, z=None):         """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """        pass    def __rrshift__(self, y):         """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """        pass    def __rshift__(self, y):         """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """        pass    def __rsub__(self, y):         """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """        pass    def __rtruediv__(self, y):         """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """        pass    def __rxor__(self, y):         """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """        pass    def __sub__(self, y):         """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """        pass    def __truediv__(self, y):         """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """        pass    def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs):         """ 返回數(shù)值被截取為整形的值，在整形中無意義 """        pass    def __xor__(self, y):         """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """        pass    denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default    """ 分母 = 1 """    """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms"""    imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default    """ 虛數(shù)，無意義 """    """the imaginary part of a complex number"""    numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default    """ 分子 = 數(shù)字大小 """    """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms"""    real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None)  # default    """ 實屬，無意義 """    """the real part of a complex number"""int

"hello world"字符串常用功能：移除空白分割長度索引切片class str(basestring):    """    str(object='') -> string        Return a nice string representation of the object.    If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.    """    def capitalize(self):          """ 首字母變大寫 """        """        S.capitalize() -> string                Return a copy of the string S with only its first character        capitalized.        """        return ""    def center(self, width, fillchar=None):          """ 內容居中，width：總長度；fillchar：空白處填充內容，默認無 """        """        S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string                Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)        """        return ""    def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None):          """ 子序列個數(shù) """        """        S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int                Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in        string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are interpreted        as in slice notation.        """        return 0    def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):          """ 解碼 """        """        S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object                Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults        to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error        handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise        a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'        as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is        able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.        """        return object()    def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None):          """ 編碼，針對unicode """        """        S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object                Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults        to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error        handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise        a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and        'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with        codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.        """        return object()    def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None):          """ 是否以 xxx 結束 """        """        S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool                Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.        suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.        """        return False    def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):          """ 將tab轉換成空格，默認一個tab轉換成8個空格 """        """        S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string                Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.        If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.        """        return ""    def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None):          """ 尋找子序列位置，如果沒找到，返回 -1 """        """        S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int                Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.                Return -1 on failure.        """        return 0    def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format        """ 字符串格式化，動態(tài)參數(shù)，將函數(shù)式編程時細說 """        """        S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string                Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.        The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').        """        pass    def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None):          """ 子序列位置，如果沒找到，報錯 """        S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int                Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.        """        return 0    def isalnum(self):          """ 是否是字母和數(shù)字 """        """        S.isalnum() -> bool                Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.        """        return False    def isalpha(self):          """ 是否是字母 """        """        S.isalpha() -> bool                Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.        """        return False    def isdigit(self):          """ 是否是數(shù)字 """        """        S.isdigit() -> bool                Return True if all characters in S are digits        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.        """        return False    def islower(self):          """ 是否小寫 """        """        S.islower() -> bool                Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is        at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.        """        return False    def isspace(self):          """        S.isspace() -> bool                Return True if all characters in S are whitespace        and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.        """        return False    def istitle(self):          """        S.istitle() -> bool                Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one        character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased        characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False        otherwise.        """        return False    def isupper(self):          """        S.isupper() -> bool                Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is        at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.        """        return False    def join(self, iterable):          """ 連接 """        """        S.join(iterable) -> string                Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the        iterable.  The separator between elements is S.        """        return ""    def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None):          """ 內容左對齊，右側填充 """        """        S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string                Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is        done using the specified fill character (default is a space).        """        return ""    def lower(self):          """ 變小寫 """        """        S.lower() -> string                Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.        """        return ""    def lstrip(self, chars=None):          """ 移除左側空白 """        """        S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode                Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.        If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping        """        return ""    def partition(self, sep):          """ 分割，前，中，后三部分 """        """        S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)                Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,        the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not        found, return S and two empty strings.        """        pass    def replace(self, old, new, count=None):          """ 替換 """        """        S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string                Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring        old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is        given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.        """        return ""    def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None):          """        S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int                Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.                Return -1 on failure.        """        return 0    def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None):          """        S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int                Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.        """        return 0    def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None):          """        S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string                Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)        """        return ""    def rpartition(self, sep):          """        S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)                Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return        the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the        separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.        """        pass    def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):          """        S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings                Return a list of the Words in the string S, using sep as the        delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working        to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are        done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string        is a separator.        """        return []    def rstrip(self, chars=None):          """        S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode                Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.        If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping        """        return ""    def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None):          """ 分割， maxsplit最多分割幾次 """        """        S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings                Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the        delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit        splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any        whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed        from the result.        """        return []    def splitlines(self, keepends=False):          """ 根據換行分割 """        """        S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings                Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.        Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends        is given and true.        """        return []    def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None):          """ 是否起始 """        """        S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool                Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.        prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.        """        return False    def strip(self, chars=None):          """ 移除兩段空白 """        """        S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode                Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing        whitespace removed.        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.        If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping        """        return ""    def swapcase(self):          """ 大寫變小寫，小寫變大寫 """        """        S.swapcase() -> string                Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters        converted to lowercase and vice versa.        """        return ""    def title(self):          """        S.title() -> string                Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase        characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase.        """        return ""    def translate(self, table, deletechars=None):          """        轉換，需要先做一個對應表，最后一個表示刪除字符集合        intab = "aeiou"        outtab = "12345"        trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)        str = "this is string example....wow!!!"        print str.translate(trantab, 'xm')        """        """        S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string                Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring        in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the        remaining characters have been mapped through the given        translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None.        If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and        the Operation simply removes the characters in deletechars.        """        return ""    def upper(self):          """        S.upper() -> string                Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase.        """        return ""    def zfill(self, width):          """方法返回指定長度的字符串，原字符串右對齊，前面填充0。"""        """        S.zfill(width) -> string                Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field        of the specified width.  The string S is never truncated.        """        return ""    def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        pass    def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        pass    def __add__(self, y):          """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """        pass    def __contains__(self, y):          """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """        pass    def __eq__(self, y):          """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """        pass    def __format__(self, format_spec):          """        S.__format__(format_spec) -> string                Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.        """        return ""    def __getattribute__(self, name):          """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """        pass    def __getitem__(self, y):          """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """        pass    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        pass    def __getslice__(self, i, j):          """        x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]                                      Use of negative indices is not supported.        """        pass    def __ge__(self, y):          """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """        pass    def __gt__(self, y):          """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """        pass    def __hash__(self):          """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """        pass    def __init__(self, string=''): # known special case of str.__init__        """        str(object='') -> string                Return a nice string representation of the object.        If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.        # (copied from class doc)        """        pass    def __len__(self):          """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """        pass    def __le__(self, y):          """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """        pass    def __lt__(self, y):          """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """        pass    def __mod__(self, y):          """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """        pass    def __mul__(self, n):          """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """        pass    @staticmethod # known case of __new__    def __new__(S, *more):          """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """        pass    def __ne__(self, y):          """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """        pass    def __repr__(self):          """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """        pass    def __rmod__(self, y):          """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """        pass    def __rmul__(self, n):          """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """        pass    def __sizeof__(self):          """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """        pass    def __str__(self):          """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """        passstr

4、列表創(chuàng)建列表：

123	name_list = ['alex', 'seven', 'eric']或name_list ＝ list(['alex', 'seven', 'eric'])

基本操作：

索引切片追加刪除長度切片循環(huán)包含class list(object):    """    list() -> new empty list    list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items    """    def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """        pass    def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """        return 0    def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """        pass    def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.        Raises ValueError if the value is not present.        """        return 0    def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """        pass    def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).        Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.        """        pass    def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value.        Raises ValueError if the value is not present.        """        pass    def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """        pass    def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*;        cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1        """        pass    def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """        pass    def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """        pass    def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """        pass    def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j]                                      Use of negative indices is not supported.        """        pass    def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """        pass    def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """        pass    def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """        pass    def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]                                      Use of negative indices is not supported.        """        pass    def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """        pass    def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """        pass    def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """        pass    def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """        pass    def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__        """        list() -> new empty list        list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items        # (copied from class doc)        """        pass    def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """        pass    def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """        pass    def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """        pass    def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """        pass    def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """        pass    @staticmethod # known case of __new__    def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """        pass    def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """        pass    def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """        pass    def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """        pass    def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """        pass    def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """        pass    def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y                                      Use  of negative indices is not supported.        """        pass    def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """        pass    __hash__ = Nonelist

5、元祖創(chuàng)建元祖：

123	ages = (11, 22, 33, 44, 55)或ages = tuple((11, 22, 33, 44, 55))

基本操作：索引切片循環(huán)長度包含lass tuple(object):    """    tuple() -> empty tuple    tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items        If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.    """    def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """        return 0    def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.        Raises ValueError if the value is not present.        """        return 0    def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """        pass    def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """        pass    def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """        pass    def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """        pass    def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """        pass    def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown        pass    def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]                                      Use of negative indices is not supported.        """        pass    def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """        pass    def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """        pass    def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """        pass    def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__        """        tuple() -> empty tuple        tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items                If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.        # (copied from class doc)        """        pass    def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """        pass    def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """        pass    def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """        pass    def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """        pass    def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """        pass    @staticmethod # known case of __new__    def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """        pass    def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """        pass    def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """        pass    def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """        pass    def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ T.__sizeof__() -- size of T in memory, in bytes """        passtuple

、字典（無序）創(chuàng)建字典：

123	person = {"name": "mr.wu", 'age': 18}或person = dict({"name": "mr.wu", 'age': 18})

常用操作：

索引新增刪除鍵、值、鍵值對循環(huán)長度class dict(object):    """    dict() -> new empty dictionary    dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's        (key, value) pairs    dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via:        d = {}        for k, v in iterable:            d[k] = v    dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs        in the keyword argument list.  For example:  dict(one=1, two=2)    """    def clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 清除內容 """        """ D.clear() -> None.  Remove all items from D. """        pass    def copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 淺拷貝 """        """ D.copy() -> a shallow copy of D """        pass    @staticmethod # known case    def fromkeys(S, v=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """        dict.fromkeys(S[,v]) -> New dict with keys from S and values equal to v.        v defaults to None.        """        pass    def get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 根據key獲取值，d是默認值 """        """ D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d.  d defaults to None. """        pass    def has_key(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 是否有key """        """ D.has_key(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """        return False    def items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 所有項的列表形式 """        """ D.items() -> list of D's (key, value) pairs, as 2-tuples """        return []    def iteritems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 項可迭代 """        """ D.iteritems() -> an iterator over the (key, value) items of D """        pass    def iterkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ key可迭代 """        """ D.iterkeys() -> an iterator over the keys of D """        pass    def itervalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ value可迭代 """        """ D.itervalues() -> an iterator over the values of D """        pass    def keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 所有的key列表 """        """ D.keys() -> list of D's keys """        return []    def pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 獲取并在字典中移除 """        """        D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.        If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised        """        pass    def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 獲取并在字典中移除 """        """        D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a        2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty.        """        pass    def setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 如果key不存在，則創(chuàng)建，如果存在，則返回已存在的值且不修改 """        """ D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D """        pass    def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update        """ 更新            {'name':'alex', 'age': 18000}            [('name','sbsbsb'),]        """        """        D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from dict/iterable E and F.        If E present and has a .keys() method, does:     for k in E: D[k] = E[k]        If E present and lacks .keys() method, does:     for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v        In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]        """        pass    def values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 所有的值 """        """ D.values() -> list of D's values """        return []    def viewitems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ 所有項，只是將內容保存至view對象中 """        """ D.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """        pass    def viewkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ D.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """        pass    def viewvalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ D.viewvalues() -> an object providing a view on D's values """        pass    def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """        pass    def __contains__(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ D.__contains__(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """        return False    def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """        pass    def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """        pass    def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """        pass    def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """        pass    def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """        pass    def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """        pass    def __init__(self, seq=None, **kwargs): # known special case of dict.__init__        """        dict() -> new empty dictionary        dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's            (key, value) pairs        dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via:            d = {}            for k, v in iterable:                d[k] = v        dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs            in the keyword argument list.  For example:  dict(one=1, two=2)        # (copied from class doc)        """        pass    def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """        pass    def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """        pass    def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """        pass    def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """        pass    @staticmethod # known case of __new__    def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """        pass    def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """        pass    def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """        pass    def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """        pass    def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__        """ D.__sizeof__() -> size of D in memory, in bytes """        pass    __hash__ = Nonedict

用戶按照順序循環(huán)可迭代對象中的內容，PS：break、continue

123	li = [11,22,33,44]for item in li:    print item

2、enumrate為可迭代的對象添加序號

123	li = [11,22,33]for k,v in enumerate(li, 1):    print(k,v)

3、range和xrange指定范圍，生成指定的數(shù)字

12345678

print range(1, 10)# 結果：[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] print range(1, 10, 2)# 結果：[1, 3, 5, 7, 9] print range(30, 0, -2)# 結果：[30, 28, 26, 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]

練習題

一、元素分類

有如下值集合 [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90...]，將所有大于 66 的值保存至字典的第一個key中，將小于 66 的值保存至第二個key的值中。即： {'k1': 大于66的所有值, 'k2': 小于66的所有值}

二、查找查找列表中元素，移除每個元素的空格，并查找以 a或A開頭 并且以 c 結尾的所有元素。    li = ["alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain"]    tu = ("alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain")     dic = {'k1': "alex", 'k2': ' aric',  "k3": "Alex", "k4": "Tony"} 三、輸出商品列表，用戶輸入序號，顯示用戶選中的商品    商品 li = ["手機", "電腦", '鼠標墊', '游艇'] 四、購物車

功能要求：

要求用戶輸入總資產，例如：2000顯示商品列表，讓用戶根據序號選擇商品，加入購物車購買，如果商品總額大于總資產，提示賬戶余額不足，否則，購買成功。附加：可充值、某商品移除購物車

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goods = [    {"name": "電腦", "price": 1999},    {"name": "鼠標", "price": 10},    {"name": "游艇", "price": 20},    {"name": "美女", "price": 998},]

 五、用戶交互，顯示省市縣三級聯(lián)動的選擇

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dic = {    "河北": {        "石家莊": ["鹿泉", "藁城", "元氏"],        "邯鄲": ["永年", "涉縣", "磁縣"],    }    "河南": {        ...    }    "山西": {        ...    } }