安裝完成后如何找回SQL Server實例安裝時的序列號

2024-08-31 01:03:13

字體：大中小

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當我們需要再次安裝sqlserver時，如何找回sqlserver實例安裝時的序列號呢?下面，跟著武林網小編一起學習安裝完成后如何找回SQL Server實例安裝時的序列號，需要的朋友可以參考下

當需要再次安裝SQL Server時，如果序列號找不到了，可以試著從已經安裝的實例里找回序列號，因為安裝完SQL Server后，序列號(Product Key)被保存在注冊表里;

MSDN訂閱下載的安裝包是內置序列號的，則沒有這個困擾。

一. 序列號保存在哪

通過無文檔記載的擴展存儲過程xp_regread讀取注冊表：

--For SQL Server 2008, 2008 R2

use master

GO

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/100/Tools/Setup','ProductCode'

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/100/Tools/Setup','DigitalProductID'

GO

--For SQL Server 2012

use master

GO

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup','ProductCode'

exec xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE','SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup','DigitalProductId'

GO

不要被ProductCode迷惑，就算只安裝了SQL Server客戶端，注冊表里也會有這個鍵值，并不是序列號，DigitalProductID才是，但經過了Base24編碼，需要解碼才行。

可以看到，對于不同版本，注冊表的路徑不一樣，但是鍵是一致的。

Express版是免費的，沒有序列號，從而注冊表也沒DigitalProductID這個鍵。

二. 如何解碼序列號

1. Base24, Base64 編碼簡介

可能很多人聽說過Base64編碼，它用于對比較長的字符串進行編碼，以方便傳輸;

Base24編碼主要應用在序列號生成上，兩者的實現思路是類似的，只是編碼的模式有點變化。

Base64所對應的編碼表是：

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=

共計64個字符。

Base24所對應的編碼表是：

BCDFGHJKMPQRTVWXY2346789

共計24個字符，這里主要去掉了一些對于序列號來說不容易識別和容易混淆的字符。

SQL Server的序列號采用的是Base24編碼，對編碼后的字符進行解碼，即可以得到原文。

編碼/解碼并不是加密/解密，沒有秘鑰的說法，只有字符轉換的規則，Base24, Base64詳細的算法可以在網上找到。

2. 利用Powershell 解碼

以下powershell函數用于解碼/找回SQL Server序列號，在SQL Server 2008, 2008 R2實例上測試通過：

function Get-SQLServerKey {

## function to retrieve the license key of a SQL 2008 Server.

param ($targets = ".")

$hklm = 2147483650

$regPath = "SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/100/Tools/Setup"

$regValue1 = "DigitalProductId"

$regValue2 = "PatchLevel"

$regValue3 = "Edition"

Foreach ($target in $targets) {

$productKey = $null

$win32os = $null

$wmi = [WMIClass]"//$target/root/default:stdRegProv"

$data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue1)

[string]$SQLver = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue2).svalue

[string]$SQLedition = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue3).svalue

$binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66]

$charsArray = "B","C","D","F","G","H","J","K","M","P","Q","R","T","V","W","X","Y","2","3","4","6","7","8","9"

## decrypt base24 encoded binary data

For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) {

$k = 0

For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) {

$k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j]

$binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24)

$k = $k % 24

}

$productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey

If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) {

$productKey = "-" + $productKey

}

}

$win32os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -computer $target

$obj = New-Object Object

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty Computer -value $target

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSCaption -value $win32os.Caption

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSArch -value $win32os.OSArchitecture

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLver -value $SQLver

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLedition -value $SQLedition

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty ProductKey -value $productkey

$obj

}

}

SQL Server 2012序列號里字符的格式發生了變化，$binArray = ($data.uValue)[0..16] 不同于SQL Server 2008的$binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66]，同時別忘了改下注冊表路徑$regPath = "SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup"，修改后如下，在SQL Server 2012實例上測試通過：

function Get-SQLServerKey {

## function to retrieve the license key of a SQL 2012 Server.

## by Jakob Bindslet (jakob@bindslet.dk)

## 2012 Modification by Xian Wang (daanno2@gmail.com)

param ($targets = ".")

$hklm = 2147483650

$regPath = "SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Microsoft SQL Server/110/Tools/Setup"

$regValue1 = "DigitalProductId"

$regValue2 = "PatchLevel"

$regValue3 = "Edition"

Foreach ($target in $targets) {

$productKey = $null

$win32os = $null

$wmi = [WMIClass]"//$target/root/default:stdRegProv"

$data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue1)

[string]$SQLver = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue2).svalue

[string]$SQLedition = $wmi.GetstringValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue3).svalue

$binArray = ($data.uValue)[0..16]

$charsArray = "B","C","D","F","G","H","J","K","M","P","Q","R","T","V","W","X","Y","2","3","4","6","7","8","9"

## decrypt base24 encoded binary data

For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) {

$k = 0

For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) {

$k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j]

$binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24)

$k = $k % 24

}

$productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey

If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) {

$productKey = "-" + $productKey

}

}

$win32os = Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem -computer $target

$obj = New-Object Object

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty Computer -value $target

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSCaption -value $win32os.Caption

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty OSArch -value $win32os.OSArchitecture

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLver -value $SQLver

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty SQLedition -value $SQLedition

$obj | Add-Member Noteproperty ProductKey -value $productkey

$obj

}

}

3. 調用powershell函數并輸出序列號

打開powershell，把上面的函數貼進去，回車，輸入Get-SQLServerKey 并回車;

或者把上面的函數存為.ps1文件直接引用：

PS C:/Windows/system32> . C:/Users/username/Desktop/pk.ps1

PS C:/Windows/system32> Get-SQLserverKey

輸出結果如下，首尾幾個字符被人為改成星號，沒有貼出來。

Computer : .

OSCaption : Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard

OSArch : 64-bit

SQLver : 11.2.5058.0

SQLedition : Developer Edition

ProductKey : *****-G8T4R-QW4XX-BVH62-*****