從sql server中導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出 Excel 的基本方法

/*===========  導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出 excel 的基本方法 ===========*/

從excel文檔中,導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)到sql數(shù)據(jù)庫中,很簡單,直接用下面的語句:

/*=============================================*/
--假如接受數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入的表已存在
insert into 表 select * from
openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0
,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

--假如導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)并生成表
select * into 表 from
openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0
,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)

/*===========================================*/
--假如從sql數(shù)據(jù)庫中,導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)到excel,假如excel文檔已存在,而且已按照要接收的數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建好表頭,就能夠簡單的用:
insert into openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0
,excel 5.0;hdr=yes;database=c:test.xls,sheet1$)
select * from 表

--假如excel文檔不存在,也能夠用bcp來導(dǎo)成類excel的文檔,注意大小寫:
--導(dǎo)出表的情況
exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp 數(shù)據(jù)庫名.dbo.表名 out "c:test.xls" /c -/s"服務(wù)器名" /u"用戶名" -p"密碼"

--導(dǎo)出查詢的情況
exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp "select au_fname, au_lname from pubs..authors order by au_lname" queryout "c:test.xls" /c -/s"服務(wù)器名" /u"用戶名" -p"密碼"

/*--說明:
c:test.xls  為導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出的excel文檔名.
sheet1$      為excel文檔的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.
--*/
--上面已說過,用bcp導(dǎo)出的是類excel文檔,其實質(zhì)為文本文檔,

--要導(dǎo)出真正的excel文檔.就用下面的方法

/*--數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出excel
 
 導(dǎo)出表中的數(shù)據(jù)到excel,包含字段名,文檔為真正的excel文檔
 ,假如文檔不存在,將自動創(chuàng)建文檔
 ,假如表不存在,將自動創(chuàng)建表
 基于通用性考慮,僅支持導(dǎo)出標準數(shù)據(jù)類型
--鄒建 2003.10--*/

/*--調(diào)用示例

 p_exporttb @tbname=地區(qū)資料,@path=c:,@fname=aa.xls
--*/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectPRoperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
go

create proc p_exporttb
@tbname sysname,    --要導(dǎo)出的表名
@path nvarchar(1000),   --文檔存放目錄
@fname nvarchar(250)=  --文檔名,默認為表名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--參數(shù)檢測
if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=@tbname+.xls

--檢查文檔是否已存在
if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--數(shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建語句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
 set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false
       +;create_db="    +;database=+@sql+"

--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫
exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr

/*--假如覆蓋已存在的表,就加上下面的語句
--創(chuàng)建之前先刪除表/假如存在的話
select @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql
--*/

--創(chuàng)建表的sql
select @sql=,@fdlist=
select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+]
 ,@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+]
  +case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then
     text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+)
   when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int
   when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime
   when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money
   else b.name end
from syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)
 and object_id(@tbname)=id
select @sql=create table [+@tbname
 +](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+)
 ,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)
set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes
   ;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@tbname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from +@tbname)

return

lberr:
 exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
 select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯誤號
  ,@src as 錯誤源,@desc as 錯誤描述
 select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go
--上面是導(dǎo)表的,下面是導(dǎo)查詢語句的.

/*--數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出excel
 
 導(dǎo)出查詢中的數(shù)據(jù)到excel,包含字段名,文檔為真正的excel文檔
 ,假如文檔不存在,將自動創(chuàng)建文檔
 ,假如表不存在,將自動創(chuàng)建表
 基于通用性考慮,僅支持導(dǎo)出標準數(shù)據(jù)類型
--鄒建 2003.10--*/

/*--調(diào)用示例

 p_exporttb @sqlstr=select * from 地區(qū)資料
  ,@path=c:,@fname=aa.xls,@sheetname=地區(qū)資料
--*/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(n[dbo].[p_exporttb]) and objectproperty(id, nisprocedure) = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
go

create proc p_exporttb
@sqlstr varchar(8000),   --查詢語句,假如查詢語句中使用了order by ,請加上top 100 percent
@path nvarchar(1000),   --文檔存放目錄
@fname nvarchar(250),   --文檔名
@sheetname varchar(250)=  --要創(chuàng)建的工作表名,默認為文檔名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)

--參數(shù)檢測
if isnull(@fname,)= set @fname=temp.xls
if isnull(@sheetname,)= set @sheetname=replace(@fname,.,#)

--檢查文檔是否已存在
if right(@path,1)<> set @path=@path+
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql

--數(shù)據(jù)庫創(chuàng)建語句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
 set @constr=driver={microsoft excel driver (*.xls)};dsn=;readonly=false
       +;create_db="    +;database=+@sql+"

--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫
exec @err=sp_oacreate adodb.connection,@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,open,null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr

--創(chuàng)建表的sql
declare @tbname sysname
set @tbname=##tmp_+convert(varchar(38),newid())
set @sql=select * into [+@tbname+] from(+@sqlstr+) a
exec(@sql)

select @sql=,@fdlist=
select @fdlist=@fdlist+,[+a.name+]
 ,@sql=@sql+,[+a.name+]
  +case when b.name in(char,nchar,varchar,nvarchar) then
     text(+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+)
   when b.name in(tynyint,int,bigint,tinyint) then int
   when b.name in(smalldatetime,datetime) then datetime
   when b.name in(money,smallmoney) then money
   else b.name end
from tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in(image,text,uniqueidentifier,sql_variant,ntext,varbinary,binary,timestamp)
 and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname)
select @sql=create table [+@sheetname
 +](+substring(@sql,2,8000)+)
 ,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)

exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,execute,@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr

exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj

--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)
set @sql=openrowset(microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0,excel 5.0;hdr=yes
   ;database=+@path+@fname+,[+@sheetname+$])

exec(insert into +@sql+(+@fdlist+) select +@fdlist+ from [+@tbname+])

set @sql=drop table [+@tbname+]
exec(@sql)
return

lberr:
 exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
 select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯誤號
  ,@src as 錯誤源,@desc as 錯誤描述
 select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go