使 Oracle 能同時訪問多個SQL Server

2024-08-31 00:52:12

字體：大中小

來源：轉載

供稿：網友

如何在Oracle里設置訪問多個SQL Server數據庫？假設我們要在Oracle里同時能訪問SQL Server里默認的pubs和Northwind兩個數據庫。 1、在安裝了Oracle9i Standard Edition或者Oracle9i EnterPRise Edition的windows機器上(ip:192.168.0.2), 產品要選了透明網關(Oracle Transparent Gateway)里訪問Microsoft SQL Server數據庫：ORACLE9I_HOME/tg4msql/admin下新寫initpubs.ora和initnorthwind.ora配置文件。 initpubs.ora內容如下:

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="SERVER=SQLSERVER_HOSTNMAE;DATABASE=pubs" HS_DB_NAME=pubsHS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER

initnorthwind.ora內容如下:

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="SERVER=sqlserver_hostname;DATABASE=Northwind" HS_DB_NAME=Northwind HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER

$ORACLE9I_HOME/network/admin 下listener.ora內容如下:

LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = test9) (ORACLE_HOME = d:/oracle/ora92) (SID_NAME = test9) ) (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=pubs) (ORACLE_HOME=d:/Oracle/Ora92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=northwind) (ORACLE_HOME=d:/Oracle/Ora92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) )

　重啟動這臺做gateway的Windows機器上(IP:192.168.0.2)TNSListener服務(凡是按此步驟新增可訪問的SQL Server數據庫時，TNSListener服務都要重啟動)。 2、Oracle8i、Oracle9i的服務器端配置tnsnames.ora, 添加下面的內容:

pubs = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs) ) (HS = pubs) ) northwind = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind) ) (HS = northwind) )

保存tnsnames.ora后,在命令行下：

tnsping pubs tnsping northwind

出現類似提示，即為成功:

Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2) (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs)) (HS = pubs)) OK（20毫秒） Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2) (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind)) (HS = northwind))OK（20毫秒）

設置數據庫參數global_names=false，不要求建立的數據庫鏈接和目的數據庫的全局名稱一致。global_names=true則要求, 多少有些不方便。 oracle9i和oracle8i都可以在DBA用戶下用SQL命令改變global_names參數alter system set global_names=false，建立公有的數據庫鏈接:

create public database link pubs connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'pubs'; create public database link northwind connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'northwind';

(假設SQL Server下pubs和northwind已有足夠權限的用戶登陸testuser,密碼為testuser_pwd) 訪問SQL Server下數據庫里的數據:

select * from stores@pubs; ...... ......select * from region@northwind; ...... ......

3、使用時的注重事項： ORACLE通過訪問SQL Server的數據庫鏈接時，用select * 的時候字段名是用雙引號引起來的。例如：

create table stores as select * from stores@pubs; select zip from stores； ERROR 位于第 1 行: ORA-00904: 無效列名 select "zip" from stores; zip ----- 98056 92789 96745 98014 90019 89076

已選擇6行,用SQL Navigator或Toad看從SQL Server轉移到ORACLE里的表的建表語句為:

CREATE TABLE stores ("stor_id" CHAR(4) NOT NULL, "stor_name" VARCHAR2(40), "stor_address" VARCHAR2(40), "city" VARCHAR2(20), "state" CHAR(2), "zip" CHAR(5)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 TABLESPACE users STORAGE ( INITIAL 131072 NEXT 131072 PCTINCREASE 0 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 )

總結: Windows下Oracle9i網關服務器在$Oracle9i_HOME/tg4msql/admin目錄下的initsqlserver_databaseid.ora。Windows下Oracle9i網關服務器listener.ora里面：

(SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=sqlserver_databaseid) (ORACLE_HOME=d:/Oracle/Ora92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) )

UNIX或WINDOWS下ORACLE8I,ORACLE9I服務器tnsnames.ora里面：

northwind = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = sqlserver_databaseid) ) (HS = sqlserver_databaseid) )

需要sqlserver_databaseid一致才行。

上一篇：SQL Server和Oracle并行處理比較分析

下一篇：教你怎樣把Oracle查詢轉換為SQL Server