概要
本文是以下 microsoft 知識庫文章的 microsoft sql server 2000 版的更新，它適用于 microsoft sql server 7.0：
251004 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/251004/) 如何監視 sql server 7.0 阻塞
本文提供可用于診斷阻塞和性能問題的存儲過程的用法和設計。有關如何了解和解決阻塞問題的說明，請參閱以下 microsoft 知識庫文章：
224453 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/224453/) 了解和解決 sql server 7.0 或 2000 阻塞問題

更多信息
對 sp_blocker_pss80 存儲過程的下列描述可捕獲此信息： • 開始時間（視運行 sql server 的計算機而定），以便此阻塞采樣在時間上可以與其他性能信息（如 windows nt 性能監視器日志或 sql 事件探查器日志）一致。
• 有關與 sql server 的連接的信息，通過查詢 sysprocesses 系統表獲取。
• 有關鎖定資源的信息，通過查詢 syslockinfo 系統表獲取。
• 有關資源等待的信息，通過運行 dbcc sqlperf(waitstats) 獲取。
• 用于連接（被其他連接阻塞或者阻塞其他連接）的當前正在運行的 sql server 批處理，通過運行 dbcc inputbuffer 語句獲取。
• 結束時間，視運行 sql server 的計算機而定。
創建該存儲過程時使用了下列優化，從而降低了運行該存儲過程對性能和阻塞的影響： • 除非至少有一個連接在等待資源，否則不生成輸出。
• 直接查詢 master 數據庫中的 sysprocesses 和 syslockinfo 系統表，以提高性能并防止該存儲過程被阻塞。因此，該存儲過程是特定于 microsoft sql server 2000 的。
• 使用光標創建一個小工作表來獲取 dbcc inputbuffer 輸出，這對在 tempdb 數據庫中的使用應沒有太大影響。
• 由于收集信息時阻塞可以更改，因此存在一種快速模式，該模式可將所得到的結果降至 sysprocesses 和 syslockinfo 系統表的相關行，從而提高了性能。
• 如果您試圖跟蹤非鎖定資源等待，則存在一種鎖存模式，該模式可導致鎖定輸出被忽略。
該存儲過程從任何查詢工具運行，都十分有用。但是，microsoft 建議您按照下列步驟來執行阻塞分析： 1. 當使用對計劃要監視的 sql server 服務器或 sql server 實例具有 sysadmin 特權的登錄信息進行連接時，從任何查詢工具創建存儲過程 sp_blocker_pss80（在本文末尾提供）。
2. 創建一個包含以下查詢的腳本文件以循環運行該存儲過程。請注意，延遲應在 5 秒和 60 秒之間：while 1=1
begin
   exec master.dbo.sp_blocker_pss80
   -- or for fast mode
   -- exec master.dbo.sp_blocker_pss80 @fast=1
   -- or for latch mode
   -- exec master.dbo.sp_blocker_pss80 @latch=1
   waitfor delay '00:00:15'
end
go
 
3. 該輸出在與 microsoft windows nt 性能監視器日志和 sql 事件探查器日志結合時非常有用，因此建議同時創建這兩種日志。有關要捕獲哪些事件探查器和性能監視器事件的信息，以及有關如何解釋結果的信息，請參閱下面的 microsoft 知識庫文章：
224453 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/224453/) 了解和解決 sql server 7.0 或 2000 阻塞問題 
4. 在運行 sql server 的計算機（您要對其進行監視以防止網絡問題導致查詢工具斷開連接）上，在 windows 命令提示符處從 isql.exe 或 osql.exe 查詢工具運行在第 2 步創建的腳本文件。下面是可用于啟動 osql.exe 的示例命令行，它假定客戶端從運行 sql server 的計算機運行，并且腳本文件名為 checkblk.sql。請務必更正 -s 參數，并將“server”替換為 sql server 服務器的名稱（或“servername/instance”，如果您監視的是已命名實例）。此外，還必須更正 -i 參數，并將“checkblk.sql”替換為在第 2 步中創建的腳本文件的路徑和名稱。 osql -e -sserver -icheckblk.sql -ocheckblk.out -w2000
請注意，由于下列原因，您必須使用其他命令行開關：

• 為了防止輸出文件中出現換行（換行可使輸出文件更易于閱讀）。
• 為了將輸出發送到使用 -o 參數指定的文件，而不是發送到屏幕，以便在查詢工具出現問題時，在查詢工具失敗之前仍得到輸出。
 
下面是用于創建 sp_blocker_pss80 存儲過程的腳本： /*
note: this script is meant to have 2 creations of the same stored procedure and one of them will fail
 with either 207 errors or a 2714 error.
*/

use master
go
if exists (select * from sysobjects where id = object_id('dbo.sp_blocker_pss80') and sysstat & 0xf = 4)
   drop procedure dbo.sp_blocker_pss80
go
create procedure sp_blocker_pss80 (@latch int = 0, @fast int = 1)
as
--version 15sp3
set nocount on
declare @spid varchar(6)
declare @blocked varchar(6)
declare @time datetime
declare @time2 datetime
declare @dbname nvarchar(128)
declare @status sql_variant
declare @useraccess sql_variant

set @time = getdate()
declare @probclients table(spid smallint, ecid smallint, blocked smallint, waittype binary(2), dbid smallint,
   ignore_app tinyint, primary key (blocked, spid, ecid))
insert @probclients select spid, ecid, blocked, waittype, dbid,
   case when convert(varchar(128),hostname) = 'pssdiag' then 1 else 0 end
   from sysprocesses where blocked!=0 or waittype != 0x0000

if exists (select spid from @probclients where ignore_app != 1 or waittype != 0x020b)
begin
   set @time2 = getdate()
   print ''
   print '8.2 start time: ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121) + ' ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time,@time2))

   insert @probclients select distinct blocked, 0, 0, 0x0000, 0, 0 from @probclients
      where blocked not in (select spid from @probclients) and blocked != 0

   if (@fast = 1)
   begin
      print ''
      print 'sysprocesses ' + isnull (@@servername,'(null)') + ' ' + str(@@microsoftversion)

      select spid, status, blocked, open_tran, waitresource, waittype,
         waittime, cmd, lastwaittype, cpu, physical_io,
         memusage, last_batch=convert(varchar(26), last_batch,121),
         login_time=convert(varchar(26), login_time,121),net_address,
         net_library, dbid, ecid, kpid, hostname, hostprocess,
         loginame, program_name, nt_domain, nt_username, uid, sid,
         sql_handle, stmt_start, stmt_end
      from master..sysprocesses
      where blocked!=0 or waittype != 0x0000
         or spid in (select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
         or spid in (select spid from @probclients where blocked != 0)

      print 'esp ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))

      print ''
      print 'sysproc first pass'
      select spid, ecid, waittype from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000

      if exists(select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
      begin
         print 'blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
         print ''
         print 'spids at the head of blocking chains'
         select spid from @probclients
            where blocked = 0 and spid in (select blocked from @probclients where spid != 0)
         if @latch = 0
         begin
            print 'syslockinfo'
            select @time2 = getdate()

            select spid = convert (smallint, req_spid),
               ecid = convert (smallint, req_ecid),
               rsc_dbid as dbid,
               rsc_objid as objid,
               rsc_indid as indid,
               type = case rsc_type when 1 then 'nul'
                                    when 2 then 'db'
                                    when 3 then 'fil'
                                    when 4 then 'idx'
                                    when 5 then 'tab'
                                    when 6 then 'pag'
                                    when 7 then 'key'
                                    when 8 then 'ext'
                                    when 9 then 'rid'
                                    when 10 then 'app' end,
               resource = substring (rsc_text, 1, 16),
               mode = case req_mode + 1 when 1 then null
                                        when 2 then 'sch-s'
                                        when 3 then 'sch-m'
                                        when 4 then 's'
                                        when 5 then 'u'
                                        when 6 then 'x'
                                        when 7 then 'is'
                                        when 8 then 'iu'
                                        when 9 then 'ix'
                                        when 10 then 'siu'
                                        when 11 then 'six'
                                        when 12 then 'uix'
                                        when 13 then 'bu'
                                        when 14 then 'ranges-s'
                                        when 15 then 'ranges-u'
                                        when 16 then 'rangein-null'
                                        when 17 then 'rangein-s'
                                        when 18 then 'rangein-u'
                                        when 19 then 'rangein-x'
                                        when 20 then 'rangex-s'
                                        when 21 then 'rangex-u'
                                        when 22 then 'rangex-x'end,
               status = case req_status when 1 then 'grant'
                                        when 2 then 'cnvt'
                                        when 3 then 'wait' end,
               req_transactionid as transid, req_transactionuow as transuow
            from master.dbo.syslockinfo s,
               @probclients p
            where p.spid = s.req_spid

            print 'esl ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))
         end -- latch not set
      end
      else
         print 'no blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
      print ''
   end  -- fast set

   else
   begin  -- fast not set
      print ''
      print 'sysprocesses ' + isnull (@@servername,'(null)') + ' ' + str(@@microsoftversion)

      select spid, status, blocked, open_tran, waitresource, waittype,
         waittime, cmd, lastwaittype, cpu, physical_io,
         memusage, last_batch=convert(varchar(26), last_batch,121),
         login_time=convert(varchar(26), login_time,121),net_address,
         net_library, dbid, ecid, kpid, hostname, hostprocess,
         loginame, program_name, nt_domain, nt_username, uid, sid,
         sql_handle, stmt_start, stmt_end
      from master..sysprocesses

      print 'esp ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))

      print ''
      print 'sysproc first pass'
      select spid, ecid, waittype from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000

      if exists(select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
      begin
         print 'blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
         print ''
         print 'spids at the head of blocking chains'
         select spid from @probclients
         where blocked = 0 and spid in (select blocked from @probclients where spid != 0)
         if @latch = 0
         begin
            print 'syslockinfo'
            select @time2 = getdate()

            select spid = convert (smallint, req_spid),
               ecid = convert (smallint, req_ecid),
               rsc_dbid as dbid,
               rsc_objid as objid,
               rsc_indid as indid,
               type = case rsc_type when 1 then 'nul'
                                    when 2 then 'db'
                                    when 3 then 'fil'
                                    when 4 then 'idx'
                                    when 5 then 'tab'
                                    when 6 then 'pag'
                                    when 7 then 'key'
                                    when 8 then 'ext'
                                    when 9 then 'rid'
                                    when 10 then 'app' end,
               resource = substring (rsc_text, 1, 16),
               mode = case req_mode + 1 when 1 then null
                                        when 2 then 'sch-s'
                                        when 3 then 'sch-m'
                                        when 4 then 's'
                                        when 5 then 'u'
                                        when 6 then 'x'
                                        when 7 then 'is'
                                        when 8 then 'iu'
                                        when 9 then 'ix'
                                        when 10 then 'siu'
                                        when 11 then 'six'
                                        when 12 then 'uix'
                                        when 13 then 'bu'
                                        when 14 then 'ranges-s'
                                        when 15 then 'ranges-u'
                                        when 16 then 'rangein-null'
                                        when 17 then 'rangein-s'
                                        when 18 then 'rangein-u'
                                        when 19 then 'rangein-x'
                                        when 20 then 'rangex-s'
                                        when 21 then 'rangex-u'
                                        when 22 then 'rangex-x'end,
               status = case req_status when 1 then 'grant'
                                        when 2 then 'cnvt'
                                        when 3 then 'wait' end,
               req_transactionid as transid, req_transactionuow as transuow
            from master.dbo.syslockinfo

            print 'esl ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))
         end -- latch not set
      end
      else
        print 'no blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
      print ''
   end -- fast not set

   print 'dbcc sqlperf(waitstats)'
   dbcc sqlperf(waitstats)

   print ''
   print '*********************************************************************'
   print 'print out dbcc input buffer for all blocked or blocking spids.'
   print '*********************************************************************'

   declare ibuffer cursor fast_forward for
   select cast (spid as varchar(6)) as spid, cast (blocked as varchar(6)) as blocked
   from @probclients
   where (spid <> @@spid) and
      ((blocked!=0 or (waittype != 0x0000 and ignore_app = 0))
      or spid in (select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0))
   open ibuffer
   fetch next from ibuffer into @spid, @blocked
   while (@@fetch_status != -1)
   begin
      print ''
      print 'dbcc inputbuffer for spid ' + @spid
      exec ('dbcc inputbuffer (' + @spid + ')')

      fetch next from ibuffer into @spid, @blocked
   end
   deallocate ibuffer

   print ''
   print '*******************************************************************************'
   print 'print out dbcc opentran for active databases for all blocked or blocking spids.'
   print '*******************************************************************************'
   declare ibuffer cursor fast_forward for
   select distinct cast (dbid as varchar(6)) from @probclients
   where dbid != 0
   open ibuffer
   fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
   while (@@fetch_status != -1)
   begin
      print ''
      set @dbname = db_name(@spid)
      set @status = databasepropertyex(@dbname,'status')
      set @useraccess = databasepropertyex(@dbname,'useraccess')
      print 'dbcc opentran for dbid ' + @spid + ' ['+ @dbname + ']'
      if @status = n'online' and @useraccess != n'single_user'
         dbcc opentran(@dbname)
      else
         print 'skipped: status=' + convert(nvarchar(128),@status)
            + ' useraccess=' + convert(nvarchar(128),@useraccess)

      print ''
      if @spid = '2' select @blocked = 'y'
      fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
   end
   deallocate ibuffer
   if @blocked != 'y'
   begin
      print ''
      print 'dbcc opentran for dbid  2 [tempdb]'
      dbcc opentran ('tempdb')
   end

   print 'end time: ' + convert(varchar(26), getdate(), 121)
end -- all
else
  print '8 no waittypes: ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121) + ' '
     + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time,getdate())) + ' ' + isnull (@@servername,'(null)')
go

create proc sp_blocker_pss80 (@latch int = 0, @fast int = 1)
as
--version 15
set nocount on
declare @spid varchar(6)
declare @blocked varchar(6)
declare @time datetime
declare @time2 datetime
declare @dbname nvarchar(128)
declare @status sql_variant
declare @useraccess sql_variant

set @time = getdate()
declare @probclients table(spid smallint, ecid smallint, blocked smallint, waittype binary(2), dbid smallint,
   ignore_app tinyint, primary key (blocked, spid, ecid))
insert @probclients select spid, ecid, blocked, waittype, dbid,
   case when convert(varchar(128),hostname) = 'pssdiag' then 1 else 0 end
   from sysprocesses where blocked!=0 or waittype != 0x0000

if exists (select spid from @probclients where ignore_app != 1 or waittype != 0x020b)
begin
   set @time2 = getdate()
   print ''
   print '8 start time: ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121) + ' ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time,@time2))

   insert @probclients select distinct blocked, 0, 0, 0x0000, 0, 0 from @probclients
      where blocked not in (select spid from @probclients) and blocked != 0

   if (@fast = 1)
   begin
      print ''
      print 'sysprocesses ' + isnull (@@servername,'(null)') + ' ' + str(@@microsoftversion)

      select spid, status, blocked, open_tran, waitresource, waittype,
         waittime, cmd, lastwaittype, cpu, physical_io,
         memusage,last_batch=convert(varchar(26), last_batch,121),
         login_time=convert(varchar(26), login_time,121), net_address,
         net_library, dbid, ecid, kpid, hostname, hostprocess,
         loginame, program_name, nt_domain, nt_username, uid, sid
      from master..sysprocesses
      where blocked!=0 or waittype != 0x0000
         or spid in (select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
         or spid in (select spid from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000)

      print 'esp ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))

      print ''
      print 'sysproc first pass'
      select spid, ecid, waittype from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000

      if exists(select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
      begin
         print 'blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
         print ''
         print 'spids at the head of blocking chains'
         select spid from @probclients
            where blocked = 0 and spid in (select blocked from @probclients where spid != 0)
         if @latch = 0
         begin
            print 'syslockinfo'
            select @time2 = getdate()

            select spid = convert (smallint, req_spid),
               ecid = convert (smallint, req_ecid),
               rsc_dbid as dbid,
               rsc_objid as objid,
               rsc_indid as indid,
               type = case rsc_type when 1 then 'nul'
                                    when 2 then 'db'
                                    when 3 then 'fil'
                                    when 4 then 'idx'
                                    when 5 then 'tab'
                                    when 6 then 'pag'
                                    when 7 then 'key'
                                    when 8 then 'ext'
                                    when 9 then 'rid'
                                    when 10 then 'app' end,
               resource = substring (rsc_text, 1, 16),
               mode = case req_mode + 1 when 1 then null
                                        when 2 then 'sch-s'
                                        when 3 then 'sch-m'
                                        when 4 then 's'
                                        when 5 then 'u'
                                        when 6 then 'x'
                                        when 7 then 'is'
                                        when 8 then 'iu'
                                        when 9 then 'ix'
                                        when 10 then 'siu'
                                        when 11 then 'six'
                                        when 12 then 'uix'
                                        when 13 then 'bu'
                                        when 14 then 'ranges-s'
                                        when 15 then 'ranges-u'
                                        when 16 then 'rangein-null'
                                        when 17 then 'rangein-s'
                                        when 18 then 'rangein-u'
                                        when 19 then 'rangein-x'
                                        when 20 then 'rangex-s'
                                        when 21 then 'rangex-u'
                                        when 22 then 'rangex-x'end,
               status = case req_status when 1 then 'grant'
                                        when 2 then 'cnvt'
                                        when 3 then 'wait' end,
               req_transactionid as transid, req_transactionuow as transuow
            from master.dbo.syslockinfo s,
               @probclients p
            where p.spid = s.req_spid

            print 'esl ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))
         end -- latch not set
      end
      else
         print 'no blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
      print ''
   end  -- fast set

   else
   begin  -- fast not set
      print ''
      print 'sysprocesses ' + isnull (@@servername,'(null)') + ' ' + str(@@microsoftversion)

      select spid, status, blocked, open_tran, waitresource, waittype,
         waittime, cmd, lastwaittype, cpu, physical_io,
         memusage,last_batch=convert(varchar(26), last_batch,121),
         login_time=convert(varchar(26), login_time,121), net_address,
         net_library, dbid, ecid, kpid, hostname, hostprocess,
         loginame, program_name, nt_domain, nt_username, uid, sid
      from master..sysprocesses

      print 'esp ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))

      print ''
      print 'sysproc first pass'
      select spid, ecid, waittype from @probclients where waittype != 0x0000

      if exists(select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0)
      begin
         print 'blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
         print ''
         print 'spids at the head of blocking chains'
         select spid from @probclients
         where blocked = 0 and spid in (select blocked from @probclients where spid != 0)
         if @latch = 0
         begin
            print 'syslockinfo'
            select @time2 = getdate()

            select spid = convert (smallint, req_spid),
               ecid = convert (smallint, req_ecid),
               rsc_dbid as dbid,
               rsc_objid as objid,
               rsc_indid as indid,
               type = case rsc_type when 1 then 'nul'
                                    when 2 then 'db'
                                    when 3 then 'fil'
                                    when 4 then 'idx'
                                    when 5 then 'tab'
                                    when 6 then 'pag'
                                    when 7 then 'key'
                                    when 8 then 'ext'
                                    when 9 then 'rid'
                                    when 10 then 'app' end,
               resource = substring (rsc_text, 1, 16),
               mode = case req_mode + 1 when 1 then null
                                        when 2 then 'sch-s'
                                        when 3 then 'sch-m'
                                        when 4 then 's'
                                        when 5 then 'u'
                                        when 6 then 'x'
                                        when 7 then 'is'
                                        when 8 then 'iu'
                                        when 9 then 'ix'
                                        when 10 then 'siu'
                                        when 11 then 'six'
                                        when 12 then 'uix'
                                        when 13 then 'bu'
                                        when 14 then 'ranges-s'
                                        when 15 then 'ranges-u'
                                        when 16 then 'rangein-null'
                                        when 17 then 'rangein-s'
                                        when 18 then 'rangein-u'
                                        when 19 then 'rangein-x'
                                        when 20 then 'rangex-s'
                                        when 21 then 'rangex-u'
                                        when 22 then 'rangex-x'end,
               status = case req_status when 1 then 'grant'
                                        when 2 then 'cnvt'
                                        when 3 then 'wait' end,
               req_transactionid as transid, req_transactionuow as transuow
            from master.dbo.syslockinfo

            print 'esl ' + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time2,getdate()))
         end -- latch not set
      end
      else
        print 'no blocking via locks at ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121)
      print ''
   end -- fast not set

   print 'dbcc sqlperf(waitstats)'
   dbcc sqlperf(waitstats)

   print ''
   print '*********************************************************************'
   print 'print out dbcc input buffer for all blocked or blocking spids.'
   print '*********************************************************************'

   declare ibuffer cursor fast_forward for
   select cast (spid as varchar(6)) as spid, cast (blocked as varchar(6)) as blocked
   from @probclients
   where (spid <> @@spid) and
      ((blocked!=0 or (waittype != 0x0000 and ignore_app = 0))
      or spid in (select blocked from @probclients where blocked != 0))
   open ibuffer
   fetch next from ibuffer into @spid, @blocked
   while (@@fetch_status != -1)
   begin
      print ''
      print 'dbcc inputbuffer for spid ' + @spid
      exec ('dbcc inputbuffer (' + @spid + ')')

      fetch next from ibuffer into @spid, @blocked
   end
   deallocate ibuffer

   print ''
   print '*******************************************************************************'
   print 'print out dbcc opentran for active databases for all blocked or blocking spids.'
   print '*******************************************************************************'
   declare ibuffer cursor fast_forward for
   select distinct cast (dbid as varchar(6)) from @probclients
   where dbid != 0
   open ibuffer
   fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
   while (@@fetch_status != -1)
   begin
      print ''
      set @dbname = db_name(@spid)
      set @status = databasepropertyex(@dbname,'status')
      set @useraccess = databasepropertyex(@dbname,'useraccess')
      print 'dbcc opentran for dbid ' + @spid + ' ['+ @dbname + ']'
      if @status = n'online' and @useraccess != n'single_user'
         dbcc opentran(@dbname)
      else
         print 'skipped: status=' + convert(nvarchar(128),@status)
            + ' useraccess=' + convert(nvarchar(128),@useraccess)

      print ''
      if @spid = '2' select @blocked = 'y'
      fetch next from ibuffer into @spid
   end
   deallocate ibuffer
   if @blocked != 'y'
   begin
      print ''
      print 'dbcc opentran for dbid  2 [tempdb]'
      dbcc opentran ('tempdb')
   end

   print 'end time: ' + convert(varchar(26), getdate(), 121)
end -- all
else
  print '8 no waittypes: ' + convert(varchar(26), @time, 121) + ' '
     + convert(varchar(12), datediff(ms,@time,getdate())) + ' ' + isnull (@@servername,'(null)')
go
   

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

這篇文章中的信息適用于:
• microsoft sql server 2000 desktop engine (windows)
• microsoft sql server 2000 developer edition
• microsoft sql server 2000 enterprise edition
• microsoft sql server 2000 enterprise edition
• microsoft sql server 2000 personal edition service pack 3
• microsoft sql server 2000 標準版

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