nginx 的 rewrite 語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法: rewrite regex replacement flag默認(rèn): none作用域: server, location, if此指令根據(jù)表達(dá)式來(lái)更改URI，或修改字符串。指令根據(jù)配置文件中的順序來(lái)執(zhí)行。
注意：重寫(xiě)表達(dá)式只對(duì)相對(duì)路徑有效。如果想配對(duì)主機(jī)名，應(yīng)該使用if語(yǔ)句。rewrite只是會(huì)改寫(xiě)路徑部分的東東，不會(huì)改動(dòng)用戶(hù)的輸入?yún)?shù)，因此這里的if規(guī)則里面，你無(wú)需關(guān)心用戶(hù)在瀏覽器里輸入的參數(shù)，rewrite后會(huì)自動(dòng)添加的，因此，只是加上了一個(gè)？號(hào)和后面我們想要的一個(gè)小小的參數(shù) ***https=1就可以了。
nginx的rewrite規(guī)則參考：
~ 為區(qū)分大小寫(xiě)匹配~* 為不區(qū)分大小寫(xiě)匹配!~和!~*分別為區(qū)分大小寫(xiě)不匹配及不區(qū)分大小寫(xiě)不匹-f和!-f用來(lái)判斷是否存在文件-d和!-d用來(lái)判斷是否存在目錄-e和!-e用來(lái)判斷是否存在文件或目錄-x和!-x用來(lái)判斷文件是否可執(zhí)行l(wèi)ast 相當(dāng)于Apache里的[L]標(biāo)記，表示完成rewrite，呵呵這應(yīng)該是最常用的break 終止匹配, 不再匹配后面的規(guī)則redirect 返回302臨時(shí)重定向 地址欄會(huì)顯示跳轉(zhuǎn)后的地址permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址欄會(huì)顯示跳轉(zhuǎn)后的地址$args$content_length$content_type$document_root$document_uri$host$http_user_agent$http_cookie$limit_rate$request_body_file$request_method$remote_addr$remote_port$remote_user$request_filename$request_uri$query_string$scheme$server_PRotocol$server_addr$server_name$server_port$uri結(jié)合Qeephp的例子：
if (!-d $request_filename) {rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;break;多目錄轉(zhuǎn)成參數(shù)
abc.domian.com/sort/2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=2if ($host ~* (.*)/.domain/.com) {set $sub_name $1;rewrite ^/sort//(/d+)//?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;}目錄對(duì)換
/123456/xxxx -> /xxxx?id=123456rewrite ^/(/d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;例如下面設(shè)定nginx在用戶(hù)使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目錄下：
if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;}目錄自動(dòng)加“/”
if (-d $request_filename){rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;}禁止htaccess
location ~//.ht {deny all;}禁止多個(gè)目錄
location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ {deny all;break;}禁止以/data開(kāi)頭的文件 可以禁止/data/下多級(jí)目錄下.log.txt等請(qǐng)求;
location ~ ^/data {deny all;}禁止單個(gè)目錄 不能禁止.log.txt能請(qǐng)求
location /searchWord/cron/ {deny all;}禁止單個(gè)文件
location ~ /data/sql/data.sql {deny all;}給favicon.ico和robots.txt設(shè)置過(guò)期時(shí)間; 這里為favicon.ico為99天,robots.txt為7天并不記錄404錯(cuò)誤日志
location ~(favicon.ico) {log_not_found off;expires 99d;break;}
location ~(robots.txt) {log_not_found off;expires 7d;break;}
設(shè)定某個(gè)文件的過(guò)期時(shí)間;這里為600秒，并不記錄訪(fǎng)問(wèn)日志
location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js {access_log off;root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;expires 600;break;}文件反盜鏈并設(shè)置過(guò)期時(shí)間 這里的return 412 為自定義的http狀態(tài)碼，默認(rèn)為403，方便找出正確的盜鏈的請(qǐng)求 “rewrite ^/ http://www.jbxue.com/leech.gif;”顯示一張防盜鏈圖片 “access_log off;”不記錄訪(fǎng)問(wèn)日志，減輕壓力 “expires 3d”所有文件3天的瀏覽器緩存
location ~* ^.+/.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|CSS|js)$ {valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194;if ($invalid_referer) {rewrite ^/ http://www.jbxue.com/leech.gif;return 412;break;}access_log off;root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;expires 3d;break;}只充許固定ip訪(fǎng)問(wèn)網(wǎng)站，并加上密碼
root /opt/htdocs/www;allow 208.97.167.194;allow 222.33.1.2;allow 231.152.49.4;deny all;auth_basic “C1G_ADMIN”;auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;將多級(jí)目錄下的文件轉(zhuǎn)成一個(gè)文件，增強(qiáng)SEO效果
/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.htmlrewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;將根目錄下某個(gè)文件夾指向2級(jí)目錄 如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/ 如果你將last改成permanent，那么瀏覽器地址欄顯是/location/shanghai/
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;上面例子有個(gè)問(wèn)題是訪(fǎng)問(wèn)/shanghai 時(shí)將不會(huì)匹配
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;這樣/shanghai 也可以訪(fǎng)問(wèn)了，但頁(yè)面中的相對(duì)鏈接無(wú)法使用， 如./list_1.html真實(shí)地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html會(huì)變成/list_1.html,導(dǎo)至無(wú)法訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。 那我加上自動(dòng)跳轉(zhuǎn)也是不行咯 (-d $request_filename)它有個(gè)條件是必需為真實(shí)目錄，而我的rewrite不是的，所以沒(méi)有效果
if (-d $request_filename){rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;}知道原因后就好辦了，手動(dòng)跳轉(zhuǎn)：
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;文件和目錄不存在的時(shí)候重定向：
if (!-e $request_filename) {proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;}域名跳轉(zhuǎn)
server{listen 80;server_name jump.jbxue.com;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;rewrite ^/ http://www.jbxue.com/;access_log off;}多域名轉(zhuǎn)向
server_name www.jbxue.com/ www.jbxue.com/;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /opt/lampp/htdocs;if ($host ~ “c1gstudio/.net”) {rewrite ^(.*) http://www.jbxue.com$1/ permanent;}三級(jí)域名跳轉(zhuǎn)
if ($http_host ~* “^(.*)/.i/.c1gstudio/.com$”) {rewrite ^(.*) http://top.jbxue.com$1/;break;}域名鏡向
server{listen 80;server_name mirror.c1gstudio.com;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.jbxue.com/$1 last;access_log off;}某個(gè)子目錄作鏡向
location ^~ /zhaopinhui {rewrite ^.+ http://zph.jbxue.com/ last;break;}discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewriterewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)/.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;rewrite ^/(space|network)/.html$ /$1.php last;rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;discuz 7 rewriterewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[/w/-]+/.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)/.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page/%3D$4&page=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)/.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;給discuz某版塊單獨(dú)配置域名
server_name bbs.c1gstudio.com news.c1gstudio.com;
location = / {if ($http_host ~ news/.jbxue.com$) {rewrite ^.+ http://news.jbxue.com/forum-831-1.html last;break;}}
discuz ucenter 頭像 rewrite 優(yōu)化
location ^~ /ucenter {location ~ .*/.php?${#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;include fcgi.conf;}
location /ucenter/data/avatar {log_not_found off;access_log off;location ~ /(.*)_big/.jpg$ {error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;}location ~ /(.*)_middle/.jpg$ {error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;}location ~ /(.*)_small/.jpg$ {error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;}expires 300;break;}}jspace rewritelocation ~ .*/.php?${#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;include fcgi.conf;}
location ~* ^/index.php/{rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break;fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;include fcgi.conf;}
新聞熱點(diǎn)
疑難解答
圖片精選
