Oracle 10g使用RMAN創(chuàng)建physical standby

2024-08-29 13:53:13

字體：大中小

來(lái)源：轉(zhuǎn)載

供稿：網(wǎng)友

1.試驗(yàn)環(huán)境

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

----------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 10g EnterPRise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Prod

PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE 10.2.0.1.0 Production

TNS for linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

2.確認(rèn)主庫(kù)處于歸檔模式

SQL> archive log list;

Database log mode Archive Mode

Automatic archival Enabled

Archive destination /u02/arch

Oldest online log sequence 154

Next log sequence to archive 156

Current log sequence 156

3.創(chuàng)建備庫(kù)instance

windows平臺(tái)利用oradim工具創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的instance，

unix/linux平臺(tái)設(shè)置新的ORACLE_SID即可

4.準(zhǔn)備好主備庫(kù)的參數(shù)文件

主庫(kù)：

orcl.__db_cache_size=184549376

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__shared_pool_size=88080384

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_files='/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','

/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','

/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='orcl'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u02/arch'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'

*.nls_territory='CHINA'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passWordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=285212672

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'

#################################

db_unique_name=node1

service_names=orcl

log_archive_config='dg_config=(node1,node2)'

log_archive_dest_2='service=dbstandby

valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=node2'

log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

fal_server=dbstandby

standby_file_management=AUTO

備庫(kù)：

orcl.__db_cache_size=184549376

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__shared_pool_size=88080384

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'

*.control_files='/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','

/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','

/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='orcl'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u02/arch'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'

*.nls_territory='CHINA'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=285212672

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'

#################################

db_unique_name=node2

service_names=orcl

log_archive_config='dg_config=(node1,node2)'

log_archive_dest_2='service=dbprimary

valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=node1'

log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

fal_server=dbprimary

fal_client=dbstandby

standby_file_management=AUTO

5.生成password file

c:/>orapwd file=d:/oracle/ora92/DATABASE/PWDtest.ORA password=pass

或者直接將主庫(kù)上的密碼文件copy一份到備庫(kù)上

6.配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)

配置主備庫(kù)的listener.ora,tnsnames.ora。修改完listener.ora后需要重啟監(jiān)聽(tīng)器。

主庫(kù)：

listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRipTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = s1.gti.com)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

tnsnames.ora

dbprimary =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.131)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

dbstandby =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.132)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

備庫(kù)：

listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = orcl)

(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.132)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))

)

tnsnames.ora

dbprimary =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.131)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

dbstandby =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.132)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

7.使用rman備份主庫(kù)

[oracle@s1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 29 19:52:37 2008

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1171867028)

RMAN> backup full format='/u02/db_%U'

database include current controlfile for standby;

...................

8.歸檔主庫(kù)當(dāng)前日志

SQL> alter system archive log current;

System altered.

9.啟動(dòng)備庫(kù)到nomount

sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount

Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes

Fixed Size 1218992 bytes

Variable Size 96470608 bytes

Database Buffers 184549376 bytes

Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

10.利用rman恢復(fù)備庫(kù)

[oracle@s1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 29 19:53:21 2008

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1171867028)

RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/a@dbstandby

connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (DBID=1171867028, not mount)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;

.............................

如果第8步?jīng)]有歸檔當(dāng)前日志，duplicate時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤：

RMAN-05507: standby controlfile checkpoint (710256) is more recent than duplicat

ion point in time (709530)

至此，備庫(kù)創(chuàng)建成功。

11.將備庫(kù)置于自動(dòng)恢復(fù)狀態(tài)

SQL> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

Media recovery complete.

12.switchover

物理STANDBY的SWITCHOVER切換會(huì)把當(dāng)前的一個(gè)物理STANDBY切換為PRIMARY數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，而PRIMARY數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)且變成物理STNADBY數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。

一般SWITCHOVER切換都是計(jì)劃中的切換，特點(diǎn)是在切換后，不會(huì)丟失任何的數(shù)據(jù)，而且這個(gè)過(guò)程是可逆的，整個(gè)DATA GUARD環(huán)境不會(huì)被破壞，原來(lái)DATA GUARD環(huán)境中的所有物理和邏輯STANDBY都可以繼續(xù)工作。

在進(jìn)行DATA GUARD的物理STANDBY切換前需要注意：

確認(rèn)主庫(kù)和從庫(kù)間網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接通暢；

確認(rèn)沒(méi)有活動(dòng)的會(huì)話連接在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中；

PRIMARY數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于打開(kāi)的狀態(tài)，STANDBY數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于MOUNT狀態(tài)；

確保STANDBY數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)處于ARCHIVELOG模式；

如果設(shè)置了REDO應(yīng)用的延遲，那么將這個(gè)設(shè)置去掉；

確保配置了主庫(kù)和從庫(kù)的初始化參數(shù)，使得切換完成后，DATA GUARD機(jī)制可以順利的運(yùn)行。

主庫(kù)：

[oracle@s1 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 29 19:55:02 2008

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production