Oracle10G Physical Standby Database筆記
2024-08-29 13:44:27
供稿：網(wǎng)友
試驗環(huán)境PRimary server:
windows2000 server + Oracle 10.0.1.0.2
ORACLE_SID:dgtest
ORACLE_HOME: D:/oracle/prodUCt/10.1.0/db_1standby server:
Windows xp pro + oracle 10.0.1.0.2ORACLE_SID:dgtestORACLE_HOME: D:/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1
配置步驟首先，裝好primary和standby上的oracle，建SID同為dgtest的庫，所有設(shè)置完全相同。然后停止shutdown兩臺上的oracle，將primary上的所有數(shù)據(jù)文件，控制文件，redo文件和passWord文件都copy到standby機器的相應(yīng)位置。（還可以利用熱備，rman等來建立初始standby庫），這樣，我們就擁有了兩臺完全一樣的oracle server
1. 在primary database上設(shè)置force loggingSQL>alter database force logging;
2. 修改primary databse的初始化參數(shù)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=’primary’CONTROL_FILES='d:/oracle/product/oradata/control01.ctl','d:/oracle/product/oradata/control02.ctl','d:/oracle/product/oradata/control03.ctl'LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= 'LOCATION= d:/oracle/product/arch’LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=standby'LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLELOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLEREMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVELOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='arc%s%t%r.arc'FAL_SERVER=standbyFAL_CLIENT=primarySTANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTOLOCK_NAME_SPACE ----這是當(dāng)主數(shù)據(jù)庫和備用數(shù)據(jù)在同一臺機上時要設(shè)該參數(shù)，設(shè)為備用數(shù)據(jù)庫的SID
3. 設(shè)置primary database為archivelog模式SQL>shutdown immediate;SQL>startup mount;SQL>alter database archivelog;SQL>alter database open:
4. 在primary database上創(chuàng)建standby database的控制文件SQL>shutdown immedaite;SQL>startup mount;SQL>alter database create standby controlfile as ‘d:/oracle/product/oradata/controlstandby.ctl’SQL>alter database open;然后將該controlfile復(fù)制到standby server的對應(yīng)位置
5. 修改standby databse的初始化參數(shù)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=’standby’CONTROL_FILES='d:/oracle/product/oradata/controlstandby.ctl'LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1= 'LOCATION= d:/oracle/product/arch’LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=primary'LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLELOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLESTANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=’ d:/oracle/product/arch’
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVEFAL_SERVER=primaryFAL_CLIENT=standbySTANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTODB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
----當(dāng)primary和standby的數(shù)據(jù)文件路徑不一致時使用LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT ----當(dāng)primary和standby的數(shù)據(jù)文件路徑不一致時使用LOCK_NAME_SPACE ----當(dāng)主數(shù)據(jù)庫和備用數(shù)據(jù)在同一臺機上時設(shè)為備用數(shù)據(jù)庫的SID
具體參數(shù)的說明請參考o(jì)racle在線文檔
6. 設(shè)置primary database和standby database的tnsnames.oraprimary = (DESCRipTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primary_server)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = dgtest) ) )standby = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby_server)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = dgtest) ) )
7. 啟動standby database SQL>startup nomount pfile=’d:/oracle/product/initdgtest.ora’SQL>alter database mount standby database;
8. 啟動primary databaseSQL>startup pfile=’d:/oracle/product/initdgtest.ora’
9. 啟動standby database到recover manage模式SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Switchover
在primary上
1. SQL>select switchover_status from v$database switchover_status的值入股是To standby，可以直接switchover，假如是sessions active， 則需要在switchover的命令后面加上with session shutdown
2. SQL>alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;
3. SQL>shutdowm immediate;
4. SQL>startup mount;
在standby上
1. SQL> select switchover_status from v$database
switchover_status的值入股是To primary，可以直接switchover，假如是sessions active， 則需要在switchover的命令后面加上with session shutdown
2. SQL>alter database commit to switchover to primary;
3. SQL>shutdown immediate;
4. SQL>startup;
要想順利的實現(xiàn)switchover，最好在每臺server上都同時設(shè)置好primary和standby的一些初始化參數(shù)，雖然其中一些參數(shù)只有在primary或者standby其中之一上起作用
Failover
在standby上
1. SQL>alter database recover managed standby database finish;
or SQL>alter database recover managed standby database finish skip standby logfile;
2. SQL>alter database commit to switchover to primary;
3. SQL>shutdown immediate;
4. SQL>startup;
相關(guān)視圖
v$archive_dest
v$archive_dest_status v$log_history v$archvied_log v$managed_standby v$archive_gap
常見問題
1. 日志無法傳送 SQL>select dest_name,status,error from v$archive_dest; 察看相應(yīng)的歸檔路徑的狀態(tài)是否valid，否則根據(jù)error信息進行處理
2. 無法使用alter database重命名data file在standby上，當(dāng)設(shè)置standby_file_management為auto時，不答應(yīng)下列操作alter database renamealter database add/drop logfilealter database add/drop standby logfile memberalter database create datafile as
3. switchover失敗SQL>alter database commit to switchover to physical standbyORA-01093:alter database close only permitted with no session connected察看引起該錯誤的活動sessionSQL> select sid,process,program from v$session where type='USER' and sid<>(select distinct sid from v$mystat);斷開該session，或者使用如下命令來做switchoverSQL>lter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
