101. 如何搜索出前N條記錄?
SELECT * FROM empLOYEE WHERE ROWNUM < n
ORDER BY empno;
102. 如何知道機(jī)器上的Oracle支持多少并發(fā)用戶數(shù)?
SQL>conn internal ;
SQL>show parameter PRocesses ;
103. db_block_size可以修改嗎?
一般不可以﹐不建議這樣做的。
104. 如何統(tǒng)計(jì)兩個(gè)表的記錄總數(shù)?
select (select count(id) from aa)+(select count(id) from bb) 總數(shù) from dual;
105. 怎樣用Sql語句實(shí)現(xiàn)查找一列中第N大值?
select * from
(select t.*,dense_rank() over (order by sal) rank from employee)
where rank = N;
106. 如何在給現(xiàn)有的日期加上2年?(
select add_months(sysdate,24) from dual;
107. USED_UBLK為負(fù)值表示什么意思?
It is "harmless"。
108. Connect string是指什么?
應(yīng)該是tnsnames.ora中的服務(wù)名后面的內(nèi)容
109. 怎樣擴(kuò)大REDO LOG的大小?
建立一個(gè)臨時(shí)的redolog組,然后切換日志,刪除以前的日志,建立新的日志。
110. tablespace 是否不能大于4G?
沒有限制。
111. 返回大于等于N的最小整數(shù)值?
SELECT CEIL(N) FROM DUAL;
112. 返回小于等于N的最小整數(shù)值?
SELECT FLOOR(N) FROM DUAL;
113. 返回當(dāng)前月的最后一天?
SELECT LAST_DAY(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;
114. 如何不同用戶間數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入?
IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER FILE=AA.DMP FROMUSER=USER_OLD TOUSER=USER_NEW ROWS=Y INDEXES=Y ;
115. 如何找數(shù)據(jù)庫表的主鍵字段的名稱?
SQL>SELECT * FROM user_constraints WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='P' and table_name='TABLE_NAME';
116. 兩個(gè)結(jié)果集互加的函數(shù)?
SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD INTERSECT SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW;
SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD UNION SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW
SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD UNION ALL SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW;
117. 兩個(gè)結(jié)果集互減的函數(shù)?
SQL>SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_OLD MINUS SELECT * FROM BSEMPMS_NEW;
118. 如何配置Sequence?
建sequence seq_custid
create sequence seq_custid start 1 incrememt by 1;
建表時(shí):
create table cust
{ cust_id smallint not null,
...}
insert 時(shí):
insert into table cust
values( seq_cust.nextval,...)
日期的各部分的常用的的寫法
119. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的年份的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY') FROM DUAL;
120. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的月份的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'MM') FROM DUAL;
121. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的日的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DD') FROM DUAL;
122. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24') FROM DUAL;
123. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的分的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'MI') FROM DUAL;
124. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的秒的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'SS') FROM DUAL;
125. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的日期的寫法:
SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;
126. 取時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24:MI:SS') FROM DUAL;
127. 日期,時(shí)間形態(tài)變?yōu)樽址螒B(tài):
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;
128. 將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成日期或時(shí)間形態(tài):
SELECT TO_DATE('2003/08/01') FROM DUAL;
129. 返回參數(shù)的星期幾的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'D') FROM DUAL;
130. 返回參數(shù)一年中的第幾天的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'DDD') FROM DUAL;
131. 返回午夜和參數(shù)中指定的時(shí)間值之間的秒數(shù)的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'SSSSS') FROM DUAL;
132. 返回參數(shù)中一年的第幾周的寫法:
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'WW') FROM DUAL;
虛擬字段
133. CURRVAL 和 nextval
為表創(chuàng)建序列
CREATE SEQUENCE EMPSEQ ... ;
SELECT empseq.currval FROM DUAL ;
自動(dòng)插入序列的數(shù)值
INSERT INTO emp
VALUES (empseq.nextval, 'LEWIS', 'CLERK',
7902, SYSDATE, 1200, NULL, 20) ;
134. ROWNUM
按設(shè)定排序的行的序號(hào)
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ROWNUM < 10 ;
135. ROWID
返回行的物理地址
SELECT ROWID, ename FROM emp WHERE deptno = 20 ;
136. 將N秒轉(zhuǎn)換為時(shí)分秒格式?
set serverout on
declare
N number := 1000000;
ret varchar2(100);
begin
ret := trunc(n/3600) '小時(shí)' to_char(to_date(mod(n,3600),'sssss'),'fmmi"分 "ss"秒"') ;
dbms_output.put_line(ret);
end;
137. 如何查詢做比較大的排序的進(jìn)程?
SELECT b.tablespace, b.segfile#, b.segblk#, b.blocks, a.sid, a.serial#, a.username, a.osuser, a.status
FROM v$session a,v$sort_usage b
WHERE a.saddr = b.session_addr
ORDER BY b.tablespace, b.segfile#, b.segblk#, b.blocks ;
138. 如何查詢做比較大的排序的進(jìn)程的SQL語句?
select /*+ ORDERED */ sql_text from v$sqltext a
where a.hash_value = (
select sql_hash_value from v$session b
where b.sid = &sid and b.serial# = &serial)
order by piece asc ;
139. 如何查找重復(fù)記錄?
SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME
WHERE ROWID!=(SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM TABLE_NAME D
WHERE TABLE_NAME.COL1=D.COL1 AND TABLE_NAME.COL2=D.COL2);
140. 如何刪除重復(fù)記錄?
DELETE FROM TABLE_NAME
WHERE ROWID!=(SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM TABLE_NAME D
WHERE TABLE_NAME.COL1=D.COL1 AND TABLE_NAME.COL2=D.COL2);
141. 如何快速編譯所有視圖?
SQL >SPOOL VIEW1.SQL
SQL >SELECT ‘ALTER VIEW ‘TNAME’
COMPILE;’ FROM TAB;
SQL >SPOOL OFF
然后執(zhí)行VIEW1.SQL即可。
SQL >@VIEW1.SQL;
142. ORA-01555 SNAPSHOT TOO OLD的解決辦法
增加MINEXTENTS的值,增加區(qū)的大小,設(shè)置一個(gè)高的OPTIMAL值。
143. 事務(wù)要求的回滾段空間不夠,表現(xiàn)為表空間用滿(ORA-01560錯(cuò)誤),回滾段擴(kuò)展到達(dá)參數(shù) MAXEXTENTS的值(ORA-01628)的解決辦法。
向回滾段表空間添加文件或使已有的文件變大;增加MAXEXTENTS的值。
144. 如何加密ORACLE的存儲(chǔ)過程?
下列存儲(chǔ)過程內(nèi)容放在AA.SQL文件中
create or replace procedure testCCB(i in number) as
begin
dbms_output.put_line('輸入?yún)?shù)是'to_char(i));
end;
SQL>wrap iname=a.sql;
PL/SQL Wrapper: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - ProdUCtion on Tue Nov 27 22:26:48 2001
Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 1993, 2000. All Rights Reserved。
Processing AA.sql to AA.plb
運(yùn)行AA.plb
SQL> @AA.plb ;
145. 如何監(jiān)控事例的等待?
select event,sum(decode(wait_Time,0,0,1)) "Prev",
sum(decode(wait_Time,0,1,0)) "Curr",count(*) "Tot"
from v$session_Wait
group by event order by 4;
146. 如何回滾段的爭用情況?
select name, waits, gets, waits/gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat C, v$rollname D
where C.usn = D.usn;
147. 如何監(jiān)控表空間的 I/O 比例?
select B.tablespace_name name, B.file_name "file", A.phyrds pyr, A.phyblkrd pbr, A.phywrts pyw, A.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat A, dba_data_files B
where A.file# = B.file_id
order by B.tablespace_name;
148. 如何監(jiān)控文件系統(tǒng)的 I/O 比例?
select substr(C.file#,1,2) "#", substr(C.name,1,30) "Name", C.status, C.bytes, D.phyrds, D.phywrts
from v$datafile C, v$filestat D
where C.file# = D.file#;
149. 如何在某個(gè)用戶下找所有的索引?
select user_indexes.table_name, user_indexes.index_name,uniqueness, column_name
from user_ind_columns, user_indexes
where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name
and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name
order by user_indexes.table_type, user_indexe