概述本文具體介紹了如何在基于Solaris 10 X86的節點上來安裝Oracle 10g RAC的具體步驟和注重事項，同時也提供了具體的命令操作以及安裝過程的截屏，最后是創建一個Cluster數據庫的具體步驟。
系統環境兩臺Sun的基于 AMD64的機器(V20Z) 一臺Sun的Storage(3510)一個百兆交換機Solaris 10 X86 1/06Oracle 10g 10.1.0.3 EE RAC for Solaris X86 with Oracle patch 4186426其中兩個V20Z節點通過光纖卡直接和Storage3510相連接
安裝前期配置本文中的Oracle RAC的安裝是基于兩個節點的配置，很多步驟需要在兩個節點(RAC1 和RAC2）上都要完成,以下是安裝Oracle RAC前需要做的預備工作:
1,在所有節點上創建Oracle用戶組和帳號bash-3.00# groupadd -g 100 oinstallbash-3.00# groupadd -g 101 dbabash-3.00# mkdir -p /eXPort/homebash-3.00# useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba -s /usr/bin/bash -d /export/home/oracle -m oraclebash-3.00# id -a oracleuid=200(oracle) gid=100(oinstall) groups=101(dba)添加完用戶后需要為oracle用戶設置密碼，使得帳號生效。
2，在所有節點上驗證用戶nobody是否存在bash-3.00# id -a nobodyuid=60001(nobody) gid=60001(nobody) groups=60001(nobody)
3，為所有的節點設置網絡地址對于每個節點，Oracle RAC需要設置一個公共的網絡地址，一個虛擬的未用網絡地址和一個私有網絡地址，對于公共的網絡地址，這里假設已經在安裝系統時已經配置完成，即將bge0配置為公共地址，以下是配置其他網絡地址的具體步驟，bash-3.00# ifconfig bge0:1 plumb upbash-3.00# ifconfig bge0:1 10.0.100.212 netmask 255.255.255.0 bash-3.00# ifconfig bge1 plumb upbash-3.00# ifconfig bge1 192.168.0.12 netmask 255.255.255.0
可以將這些步驟寫入/etc/PRofile,使得每次系統啟動后，這些地址自動就配置完成。最終的網絡配置為：bash-3.00# ifconfig -alo0: flags=2001000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,ipv4,VIRTUAL> mtu 8232 index 1inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000 bge0: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2inet 10.0.100.222 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 10.0.100.255ether 0:9:3d:0:75:20 bge0:1: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2inet 10.0.100.212 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 10.0.100.255bge1: flags=1000803<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 3inet 192.168.0.12 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255ether 0:9:3d:0:75:21
bash-3.00$ netstat -rn
Routing Table: IPv4Destination Gateway Flags Ref Use Interface-------------------- -------------------- ----- ----- ------ ---------192.168.0.0 192.168.0.11 U 1 0 bge110.0.100.0 10.0.100.221 U 1 47 bge010.0.100.0 10.0.100.211 U 1 0 bge0:1224.0.0.0 10.0.100.221 U 1 0 bge0127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 23 25657 lo0
4,在所有節點上，生成文件/etc/hostname.bge0 和/etc/hostname.bge1
具體內容如下，并需將網絡配置寫入文件/etc/hostsbash-3.00$ more /etc/host*::::::::::::::/etc/hostname.bge0::::::::::::::RAC1::::::::::::::/etc/hostname.bge1::::::::::::::rac_priv_host1::::::::::::::/etc/hosts::::::::::::::## Internet host table#127.0.0.1 localhost 10.0.100.221 RAC1.prc.sun.com RAC110.0.100.222 RAC2.prc.sun.com RAC210.0.100.211 RAC1-VIR.prc.sun.com RAC1-VIR
10.0.100.212 RAC2-VIR.prc.sun.com RAC2-VIR192.168.0.11 rac_priv_host1192.168.0.12 rac_priv_host2
5,配置信任主機Oracle RAC需要將所有節點配置成為信任主機，即在所有節點上生成具有以下內容的文件/etc/hosts.equiv,并進行測試bash-3.00$ more /etc/hosts.equiv RAC1.prc.sun.com oracleRAC2.prc.sun.com oracleRAC1 oracleRAC2 oracle
<oracle:RAC1>rsh RAC2 dateThu Jan 19 02:12:12 CST 2006<oracle:RAC1>rsh RAC2 hostnameRAC2
6,在所有節點上創建Oracle RAC安裝目錄并設置權限bash-3.00# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/prodUCt/10.1.0.3/oraclebash-3.00# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle /product/10.1.0.3/oraclebash-3.00# chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/oraclebash-3.00# mkdir -p /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crsbash-3.00# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crsbash-3.00# chmod -R 755 /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crs
為安裝Oracle CRS在所有節點上設置Oracle的環境變量在$HOME/.profile,$HOME為用戶oracle的起始目錄bash-3.00$ cat .profile ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crsexport ORACLE_HOMEPATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/bin:/usr/openwin/binexport PATH
在所有節點上將以下系統設置寫入文件/etc/systemset semsys:seminfo_semmni 100set semsys:seminfo_semmns 1024set semsys:seminfo_semmsl 256set semsys:seminfo_semvmx 32767set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax 4294967295set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin 100
7,存儲設備的配置: 在這里，我們用了Sun Storage3510來做為安裝Oracle 10g RAC的設備，并將其配置為raw partitions，以下為具體的需求:
點擊查看大圖Oracle和Oracle CRS需要的Raw Partitions數目和大小
點擊查看大圖從以上的表格可以看出，對于兩個節點的Oracle RAC,我們需要在存儲器上配置17個raw partitions(創建Oracle數據庫需要15個，安裝Oracle CRS需要2個）,由于每個Solaris的磁盤最多只能有7個slice供使用(slice 2,8,9是不能用做分區的),所以需要在Storage 3510上來分多個磁盤來滿足需要,然后在Solaris中對每個盤進行分區，注重的是為了避免CRS或是Oracle數據庫文件覆蓋磁盤中的分區表，在分slices時不能從cylinder 0(比如slice 2)開始。
由于3510的分區在Solaris中的設備名為一個很長的字符串，為了更方便的表示這些設備，這里采用了創建連接到這些設備的方法，并設置相應的屬性和權限，這兩個設備是為Oracel CRS安裝用的，見以下步驟：<root:RAC1>mkdir /ORACLE<root:RAC1>cd /ORACLE<root:RAC1>ln -s /dev/rdsk/c3t600C0FF00000000007D35237AD84C802d0s0 ocr<root:RAC1>chown -RL root:oinstall ocr<root:RAC1>chmod -R 640 ocr<root:RAC1>ln -s /dev/rdsk/c3t600C0FF00000000007D35237AD84C802d0s1 vote<root:RAC1>chown -RL oracle:dba vote <root:RAC1>chmod -R 640 vote
安裝Oracle CRS
當以上所有的配置完成后，我們就可以進行Oracle CRS的安裝了
啟動Oracle CRS安裝腳本，注重參數-ignoreSysPrereqs是為了忽略版本檢查帶來的錯誤，<oracle:RAC1>./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs以下是具體的安裝步驟和圖示,1,歡迎界面，直接點擊next2,指定具體目錄和憑證
點擊查看大圖此時會彈出一個提示欄要求在RAC1上運行一個腳本，如下：
<root:RAC1>/u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh chmod: WARNING: can't access /var/opt/oracle
Creating the Oracle inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)Changing groupname of /u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
2,指定安裝文件的路徑，缺省的安裝路徑來自于我們先前在$HOME/.profile的設置
點擊查看大圖3,選擇語言---->點擊下一步4,配置cluster
點擊查看大圖5,指定網絡接口的用途，這里我們指定bge0做為公共網絡接口，bge1做為私有網絡接口
點擊查看大圖6,指定OCR的路徑為/ORACLE/ocr7,指定Vote的路徑為 /ORACLE/ocr
此時需要用戶在所有節點上以root身份來運行腳本orainstRoot.sh,如下：
<root:RAC1>/u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Creating the Oracle inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)Changing groupname of /u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
<root:RAC2>/u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shchmod: WARNING: can't access /var/opt/oracleCreating the Oracle inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)Changing groupname of /u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
8,然后會出現安裝配置的小結界面，點擊下一步后就進入安裝階段：9,安裝過程,從圖中我們看到CRS安裝程序自動向另一個節點RAC2拷貝文件
點擊查看大圖在安裝后期，會提示用戶在所有節點上以 root身份來運行root.sh，如下：
<root:RAC1>/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crs/root.sh Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracleORACLE_HOME= /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crsFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already up...Setting the permissions on OCR backup DirectoryOracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfullyWARNING: directory '/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3' is not owned by rootWARNING: directory '/u01/crs/oracle/product' is not owned by rootWARNING: directory '/u01/crs/oracle' is not owned by rootclscfg: EXISTING configuration version 2 detected.clscfg: version 2 is 10G Release 1.assigning default hostname rac1 for node 1.assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2.Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>node 1: rac1 rac_priv_host1 rac1node 2: rac2 rac_priv_host2 rac2clscfg: Arguments check out successfully.
NO KEYS WERE WRITTEN. Supply -force parameter to override.-force is destructive and will destroy any previous clusterconfiguration.Oracle Cluster Registry for cluster has already been initializedAdding daemons to inittabPreparing Oracle Cluster Ready Services (CRS):Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.CSS is active on these nodes.rac1rac2CSS is active on all nodes.Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to startOracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)
<root:RAC2>/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crs/root.sh Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:ORACLE_OWNER= oracleORACLE_HOME= /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crsFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already up...Setting the permissions on OCR backup directoryOracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfullyWARNING: directory '/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3' is not owned by rootWARNING: directory '/u01/crs/oracle/product' is not owned by rootWARNING: directory '/u01/crs/oracle' is not owned by rootassigning default hostname rac1 for node 1.assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2.Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.node <nodenumber>: <nodename> <private interconnect name> <hostname>node 1: rac1 rac_priv_host1 rac1node 2: rac2 rac_priv_host2 rac2Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..Operation successful.Now formatting voting device: /ORACLE/voteSuccessful in setting block0 for voting disk.Format complete.Adding daemons to inittabPreparing Oracle Cluster Ready Services (CRS):Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.CSS is active on these nodes.rac1rac2CSS is active on all nodes.Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to startOracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)
- 以上步驟完成后，整個CRS的安裝就完成了
點擊查看大圖 我們可以做一些測試來驗證CRS的安裝是否正確<oracle:RAC1>cd /u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crs/bin/<oracle:RAC1>pwd/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/crs/bin<oracle:RAC1>./olsnodes -nrac1 1rac2 2同時要注重，當Oracle CRS安裝完成后，以下進程是必須要在運行狀態的：1，oprocd – Cluster的進程監控器2，evmd – 事件治理守護進程3，ocssd – Cluster節點關系治理進程4, crsd -- 高可靠性恢復和治理操作進程
安裝Oracle10g數據庫安裝好CRS后，就可以在此基礎上安裝Oracle 10g 了，由于Oracle 10g和Solaris 10 X86在內存治理方式有些不兼容，對于雙CPU的V20Z機器，我們需要將一個CPU暫時離線，等Oracle安裝好后可以將離線的CPU重新起動,暫停一個CPU的步驟如下：
<root:RAC1>psradm -f 1<root:RAC1>psrinfo 0 on-line since 01/19/2006 16:47:511 off-line since 01/19/2006 18:48:26
為安裝Oracle 10g在所有節點上重新設置Oracle的環境變量在$HOME/.profile,$HOME為用戶oracle的起始目錄bash-3.00$ cat .profile ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=/u01/crs/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/oracleexport ORACLE_HOMEPATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/bin:/usr/openwin/binexport PATH
開始安裝Oralce 10g,如下，同樣， 參數-ignoreSysPrereqs是為了忽略版本檢查帶來的錯誤<oracle:RAC1>./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs
以下為具體的步驟和截屏1，歡迎界面后就進入到指定安裝路徑界面，缺省路徑來自于$HOME/.profile的設置
點擊查看大圖3,制定Cluster安裝模式，在這里我們選中兩個節點，RAC1和RAC2
點擊查看大圖4,接下來的界面中選擇安裝類型為”Enterprise Edition”,在其后的數據庫配置中，這里選擇先不創建一個起始數據庫，本文中將在Oracle 10g安裝好后再創建一個數據庫
點擊查看大圖 
