用PHP連接Oracle數據庫
2024-08-29 13:32:36
供稿：網友
注冊會員，創建你的web開發資料庫，通過php你可以輕松的連接到數據庫，請求數據并將其顯示在你的web站點中，甚至修改數據庫中的數據。mysql是一種很流行的數據庫，并且在互聯網中有許多有關php與mysql的教程。mysql是免費的，這一點也許就吸引了不少人。由于其廣泛應用，我就不想在這里贅述mysql的使用方法了。oracle被大量在企業應用中采用，因此我們就利用oracle來介紹php與數據庫的連接。我們當然不會提及oracle數據庫的設計原理，原因是這已經超出了我們的討論范圍。
php提供了兩套函數與oracle連接，分別是ora_和oci函數。其中ora_函數略顯陳舊。oci函數更新據說更好一些。兩者的使用語法幾乎相差無幾。你的php安裝選項應該可以支持兩者的使用。
連接
< ? if ($conn=ora_logon("[email protected]","password"))
{ echo "success ! connected to database ";
}else
{echo "failed :-( could not connect to database ";}
ora_logoff($conn);
phpinfo();
?>
以上代碼使用tnsname（在你的tnsnames.ora文件中指明）定義的oracle數據庫名稱、用戶名稱和密碼連接數據庫。在成功連接的基礎上，ora_logon函數返回一個非零的連接id并儲存在變量$conn中。
查詢
假設與數據庫已經連接就緒，下面我們就來實際的應用對數據庫的查詢。下面的代碼演示了一個連接并查詢的典型例子：
function printoraerr($in_cur)
{
// 檢查oracle是否出錯
// 如果存在錯誤則顯示
// 當指針被激活時每次請求oracle后調用該函數
if(ora_errorcode($in_cur))
echo "oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)." ";
return;
}
if (!($conn=ora_logon("[email protected]","password")))
{echo "connection to database failed ";
exit;
}
echo "connected as connection - $conn ";
echo "opening cursor ... ";
$cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor);
echo "opened cursor - $cursor ";
$qry="select user,sysdate from dual";
echo "parsing the query $qry ... ";
ora_parse($cursor,$qry,0); printoraerr($cursor);
echo "query parsed ";
echo "executing cursor ... ";
ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor);
echo "executed cursor ";
echo "fetching cursor ... ";
while(ora_fetch($cursor))
{
$user=ora_getcolumn($cursor,0); printoraerr($cursor);
$sysdate=ora_getcolumn($cursor,1); printoraerr($cursor);
echo " row = $user, $sysdate ";
}
echo "fetched all records ";
echo "closing cursor ... ";
ora_close($cursor);
echo "closed cursor ";
echo "logging off from oracle... ";
ora_logoff($conn);
echo "logged off from oracle ";
?>
顯示結果
以下代碼演示了怎樣查詢數據庫并將結果輸出：
function printoraerr($in_cur, $conn)
{
// 檢查oracle是否出錯
// 如果存在錯誤則顯示
// 當指針被激活時每次請求oracle后調用該函數
// if it encountered an error, we exit immediately
if(ora_errorcode($in_cur))
{echo "oracle code - ".ora_error($in_cur)." n";
ora_logoff($conn);
exit;
}
return;
}
function exequery($w_qry,$conn)
{
$cursor=ora_open($conn); printoraerr($cursor,$conn);
ora_parse($cursor,$w_qry,0); printoraerr($cursor,$conn);
ora_exec($cursor); printoraerr($cursor,$conn);
$numrows=0;
$w_numcols=ora_numcols($cursor);
// 顯示頭部
echo " ";
for ($i=0;$i<$w_numcols;$i++)
{
$align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="number")?"right":"left";
echo " ".ora_columnname($cursor,$i)." ";
}
echo " ";
while(ora_fetch($cursor))
{
echo " ";
for ($i=0;$i<$w_numcols;$i++)
{
$align=(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="number")?"right":"left";
if(ora_columntype($cursor,$i)=="long")
echo " ".
ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)." ";
else
echo " ".ora_getcolumn($cursor,$i)." ";
printoraerr($cursor,$conn);
}
$numrows++;
echo " ";
}
if ($numrows==0)
echo " query returned no records ";
else
{
echo " ";
echo " count ";
echo " $numrows ";
echo " ";
}
echo " ";
ora_close($cursor);
return;
}
// 主程序
if(!($conn=ora_logon("[email protected]","password")))
{
echo "error: cannot connect to database ";
exit;
}
$qry="select
deptno "dept"
,empno "emp"
,empnm "name"
,salary "salary"
from
employee
order by 1,2";
exequery($qry);
ora_logoff($conn);
?>
基于http的oracle登錄
將以下代碼加在php頁面代碼之前以確認oracle登錄。注意你必須正確設定$ sid。
if(!isset($php_auth_user))
{
header("www-authenticate: basic realm="$sid"");
header("http/1.0 401 unauthorized");
$title="login instructions";
echo "
you are not authorized to enter the site
";
exit;
}
else
{
if (!($conn=ora_logon("$[email protected]$sid",$php_auth_pw)))
{header("www-authenticate: basic realm="$sid"");
header("http/1.0 401 unauthorized");
$title="login instructions";
echo "
you are not authorised to enter the site
";
exit;
}}
?>
