基于日志點的復制
1、在主庫與從庫上建立專用的復制賬號
| MariaDB [employees]> create user 'repl'@'172.%' identified by '123456'; |
注意在生產上的密碼必須依照相關規范以達到一定的密碼強度, 并且規定在從庫上的特定網段上才能訪問主庫
2、在主庫與從庫上授予復制權限
| MariaDB [employees]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'172.%'; |
3、配置主庫
注意啟用二進制日志需要重啟服務, 而server_id是一個動態參數, 可以結合命令行與配置文件以達到免重啟的持久化配置. 注意server_id在集群中是唯一的.
| [mysqld]log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-binlog_bin_index = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin.indexbinlog_format = rowserver_id = 101 |
NOTE: 把日志與數據分開是個好習慣, 最好能放到不同的數據分區
4、配置從庫
選項log_slave_update決定是否把中繼日志relay_log存放到本機的binlog中, 如果是配置鏈路復制, 那么該選項必填. 注意server_id在集群中是唯一的.
| [mysqld]# replicationlog_bin = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-binlog_bin_index = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-bin.indexserver_id = 102# slavesrelay_log = /var/log/mysql/relay-binrelay_log_index = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin.indexrelay_log_info_file = /var/log/mysql/relay-bin.infolog_slave_updates = ONread_only |
5、初始化從庫的數據
此處使用mysqldump在主庫上進行備份, 在生產上建議大家用xtrabackup進行無鎖的熱備(基于innodb引擎).
備份主庫上的employees數據庫的數據
將備份文件backup.sql通過scp或者docker volume卷掛載到從服務器上, 并且導入至從庫中
| mysql -u root -p < backup.sql |
6、啟動復制鏈路
現有master@172.20.0.2和slave@172.20.0.3, 并且已經通過mysqldump將數據同步至從庫slave中. 現在在從服務器slave上配置復制鏈路
| MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master', MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000029', MASTER_LOG_POS=516;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) |
在從庫上啟動復制鏈路
| MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) |
7、在從庫上檢查slave狀態
Slave_IO_Running與Slave_SQL_Running必須為YES, 如果出現錯誤須詳細閱讀Last_IO_Error或Last_SQL_Error的提示信息
| MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status/G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: master Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000029 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 516 Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 539 Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000029 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 516 Relay_Log_Space: 831 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 101 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: No Gtid_IO_Pos: Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids: Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids: Parallel_Mode: conservative1 row in set (0.00 sec) |
