創建2張用戶表user、user2,表結構相同,但user表使用InnoDB存儲引擎,而user2表則使用 MyISAM存儲引擎。
-- Table "user" DDL CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `age` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL, `nickname` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `email` (`email`), KEY `name` (`name`), KEY `age` (`age`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- Table "user2" DDL CREATE TABLE `user2` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, `email` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `age` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL, `nickname` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `email` (`email`), KEY `name` (`name`), KEY `age` (`age`)) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=131610 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
分別插入10W條測試數據到表user & user2。
<?php $example = array( '@qq.com', '@sina.com.cn', '@163.com', '@126.com', '@gmail.com', '@yahoo.com', '@live.com', '@msn.com', '@cisco.com', '@microsoft.com', '@ibm.com', '@apple.com'); $con = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "your_mysql_password"); mysql_select_db("index_test", $con); //添加10W測試數據到表 user & user2for($i=0; $i<100000; $i++){ $temp = md5(uniqid()); $name = substr($temp, 0, 16); $email = substr($temp, 8, 12).$example[array_rand($example, 1)]; $age = rand(18, 99); $nickname = substr($temp, 16, 16); mysql_query("INSERT INTO user(name,email,age,nickname) VALUES('$name','$email',$age,'$nickname')"); mysql_query("INSERT INTO user2(name,email,age,nickname) VALUES('$name','$email',$age,'$nickname')");} mysql_close($con); echo 'success'; ?>對索引的使用分析
Explain Select * from user where id>100 /G;

圖1
Explain Select * from user2 where id>100 /G;

圖2
User 表中的數據和 User2 表中的數據是一樣的,索引結構也是一樣的,只不過它們的存儲引擎不同。在圖1中,查詢用到了PRIMARY主鍵索引,而查詢優化器預估的結果大概在65954行左右(實際是131513);在圖2中,查詢卻沒有使用索引,而是全表掃描了,返回的預估結果在131608行(實際是131509)。
Explain Select * from user where id>100 and age>50 /G;

圖3
Explain Select * from user where id>100 and age=50 /G;

圖4
Explain Select * from user2 where id>100 and age>50 /G;

圖5
Explain Select * from user2 where id>100 and age=50 /G;

圖6
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