MySQL 幾乎模擬了 Oracle,SQL Server等商業數據庫的大部分功能,函數,但很可惜,到目前的版本(5.1.33)為止,仍沒有實現ROWNUM這個功能.
下面介紹幾種具體的實現方法.建立實驗環境如下:
- mysql> create table tbl (
- -> id int primary key,
- -> col int
- -> );
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
- mysql> insert into tbl values
- -> (1,26),
- -> (2,46),
- -> (3,35),
- -> (4,68),
- -> (5,93),
- -> (6,92);
- Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.05 sec)
- Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
- mysql>
- mysql> select * from tbl order by col;
- +----+------+
- | id | col |
- +----+------+
- | 1 | 26 |
- | 3 | 35 |
- | 2 | 46 |
- | 4 | 68 |
- | 6 | 92 |
- | 5 | 93 |
- +----+------+
- 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
1. 直接在程序中實現:
這應該算是效率最高的一種,也極為方便,直接在你的開發程序中(PHP/ASP/C/...)等中,直接初始化一個變量nRowNum=0,然后在while 記錄集時,nRowNum++; 然后輸出即可.
2. 使用MySQL變量;在某些情況下,無法通過修改程序來實現時,可以考慮這種方法,缺點,@x 變量是 connection 級的,再次查詢的時候需要初始化,一般來說PHP等B/S應用沒有這個問題,但C/S如果connection一只保持則要考慮 set @x=0,代碼如下:
- mysql> select @x:=ifnull(@x,0)+1 as rownum,id,col
- -> from tbl
- -> order by col;
- +--------+----+------+
- | rownum | id | col |
- +--------+----+------+
- | 1 | 1 | 26 |
- | 1 | 3 | 35 |
- | 1 | 2 | 46 |
- | 1 | 4 | 68 |
- | 1 | 6 | 92 |
- | 1 | 5 | 93 |
- +--------+----+------+
- 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.使用聯接查詢,笛卡爾積.
缺點,顯然效率會差一些,利用表的自聯接,代碼如下,你可以直接試一下 select a.*,b.* from tbl a,tbl b where a.col>=b.col 以理解這個方法原理,代碼如下:
- mysql> select a.id,a.col,count(*) as rownum
- -> from tbl a,tbl b
- -> where a.col>=b.col
- -> group by a.id,a.col;
- +----+------+--------+
- | id | col | rownum |
- +----+------+--------+
- | 1 | 26 | 1 |
- | 2 | 46 | 3 |
- | 3 | 35 | 2 |
- | 4 | 68 | 4 |
- | 5 | 93 | 6 |
- | 6 | 92 | 5 |
- +----+------+--------+
- 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4.子查詢
缺點:和聯接查詢一樣,具體的效率要看索引的配置和MySQL的優化結果,代碼如下:
- mysql> select a.*,
- -> (select count(*) from tbl where col<=a.col) as rownum
- -> from tbl a; --Vevb.com
- +----+------+--------+
- | id | col | rownum |
- +----+------+--------+
- | 1 | 26 | 1 |
- | 2 | 46 | 3 |
- | 3 | 35 | 2 |
- | 4 | 68 | 4 |
- | 5 | 93 | 6 |
- | 6 | 92 | 5 |
- +----+------+--------+
- 6 rows in set (0.06 sec)
新聞熱點
疑難解答