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gawk中的字符串數字(STRNUM)介紹

2020-07-10 12:13:05
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幾天前在論壇看到一個帖子 http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-4184581-1-1.html 這是個挺有意思的問題。
我自己做了幾個試驗,發現00e1有這個問題,但是00a1、00b1、00c1等其它字符串卻沒有這個問題。

前天,懷著忐忑的心情給 bug-gawk@gnu.org 發了一封郵件:

[bug report] gawk doesn’t work correctly when assign special value to variableTo: bug-gawk@gnu.org1. Symptom:gawk doesn’s work correctly when assign special value (like 00e1) variable.2. Steps to repeat this issue:1) Download and compile the latest gawk 4.1.3http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/[root]# gawk --version | head -2GNU Awk 4.1.3, API: 1.1Copyright (C) 1989, 1991-2015 Free Software Foundation.2) Prepare a test filecat > 1.txt << EOF00e1 00e100e2 00e400e3 00e1_01EOF3) Execute following command to see the result[root]# gawk -v var="00e1" '$2==var' 1.txt00e1 00e100e2 00e4The second line should not be there. Because "00e4" is NOT equal to "00e1" obviously.Is it a bug or by design?3. Workaround:gawk -v var="00e1" '$2==""var' 1.txtgawk -v var="^00e1___FCKpd___0quot; '$2~var' 1.txt

沒想到,昨天就收到了來自 Andrew J. Schorr 大神的回復,效率還真是高呢,32個贊:

On Thu, Aug 06, 2015 at 03:55:50PM +0800, Shell_HAT wrote:> The second line should not be there. Because "00e4" is NOT equal to "00e1" obviously.> Is it a bug or by design?This is a tricky area. Please check the manual for the discussion of "String Type versus Numeric Type":http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Variable-Typing.htmlI think the command-line assignment results in a variable of type STRNUM.> 3. Workaround:> gawk -v var="00e1" '$2==""var' 1.txt> gawk -v var="^00e1___FCKpd___1quot; '$2~var' 1.txtThese examples may also be helpful:bash-4.2$ gawk 'BEGIN {var = "00e1"} $2 == var' 1.txt00e1 00e1bash-4.2$ gawk 'BEGIN {var = 00e1} $2 == var' 1.txt00e1 00e100e2 00e4Regards,Andy

看完那篇文檔,似有所悟。但是還是沒搞清楚為啥00a1、00b1、00c1等字符串沒問題呢?
喝完一杯咖啡之后,恍然大悟:科學計數法!泥煤的~~~

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