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Android利用Camera實(shí)現(xiàn)中軸3D卡牌翻轉(zhuǎn)效果

2020-04-11 11:06:06
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在Android系統(tǒng)API中,有兩個(gè)Camera類:

  • android.graphics.Camera
  • android.hardware.Camera

第二個(gè)應(yīng)用于手機(jī)硬件中的相機(jī)相關(guān)的操作,本文講述的是利用第一個(gè)Camera類實(shí)現(xiàn)中軸3D轉(zhuǎn)換的卡牌翻轉(zhuǎn)效果,開(kāi)始之前,先看一下Android系統(tǒng)中的坐標(biāo)系:

對(duì)應(yīng)于三維坐標(biāo)系中的三個(gè)方向,Camera提供了三種旋轉(zhuǎn)方法:

  • rotateX()
  • rotateY()
  • rotateX()

調(diào)用這三種方法,傳入旋轉(zhuǎn)角度參數(shù),即可實(shí)現(xiàn)視圖沿著坐標(biāo)軸旋轉(zhuǎn)的功能。本文的中軸3D旋轉(zhuǎn)效果就是讓視圖沿著Y軸旋轉(zhuǎn)的。

系統(tǒng)API Demos中已經(jīng)為我們提供了一個(gè)非常好用的3D旋轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)畫的工具類:
Rotate3dAnimation.java:

package com.feng.androidtest;import android.graphics.Camera;import android.graphics.Matrix;import android.util.Log;import android.view.animation.Animation;import android.view.animation.Transformation;/** * An animation that rotates the view on the Y axis between two specified angles. * This animation also adds a translation on the Z axis (depth) to improve the effect. */public class Rotate3dAnimation extends Animation { private final float mFromDegrees; private final float mToDegrees; private final float mCenterX; private final float mCenterY; private final float mDepthZ; private final boolean mReverse; private Camera mCamera; /**  * Creates a new 3D rotation on the Y axis. The rotation is defined by its  * start angle and its end angle. Both angles are in degrees. The rotation  * is performed around a center point on the 2D space, definied by a pair  * of X and Y coordinates, called centerX and centerY. When the animation  * starts, a translation on the Z axis (depth) is performed. The length  * of the translation can be specified, as well as whether the translation  * should be reversed in time.  *  * @param fromDegrees the start angle of the 3D rotation  * @param toDegrees the end angle of the 3D rotation  * @param centerX the X center of the 3D rotation  * @param centerY the Y center of the 3D rotation  * @param reverse true if the translation should be reversed, false otherwise  */ public Rotate3dAnimation(float fromDegrees, float toDegrees,   float centerX, float centerY, float depthZ, boolean reverse) {  mFromDegrees = fromDegrees;  mToDegrees = toDegrees;  mCenterX = centerX;  mCenterY = centerY;  mDepthZ = depthZ;  mReverse = reverse; } @Override public void initialize(int width, int height, int parentWidth, int parentHeight) {  super.initialize(width, height, parentWidth, parentHeight);  mCamera = new Camera(); } @Override protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {  final float fromDegrees = mFromDegrees;  float degrees = fromDegrees + ((mToDegrees - fromDegrees) * interpolatedTime);  final float centerX = mCenterX;  final float centerY = mCenterY;  final Camera camera = mCamera;  final Matrix matrix = t.getMatrix();  Log.i("interpolatedTime", interpolatedTime+"");  camera.save();  if (mReverse) {   camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * interpolatedTime);  } else {   camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, mDepthZ * (1.0f - interpolatedTime));  }  camera.rotateY(degrees);  camera.getMatrix(matrix);  camera.restore();  matrix.preTranslate(-centerX, -centerY);  matrix.postTranslate(centerX, centerY); }}

可以看出, Rotate3dAnimation 總共做了兩件事:在構(gòu)造函數(shù)中賦值了旋轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)畫所需要的參數(shù),以及重寫(override)父類Animation中的applyTransformation()方法,下面分類闡述一下:

  • fromDegrees與toDegrees
  • 視圖旋轉(zhuǎn)的開(kāi)始角度和結(jié)束角度,當(dāng)toDegree處于90倍數(shù)時(shí),視圖將變得不可見(jiàn)。
  • centerX與centerY
  • 視圖旋轉(zhuǎn)的中心點(diǎn)。
  • depthZ
  • Z軸移動(dòng)基數(shù),用于計(jì)算Camera在Z軸移動(dòng)距離
  • reverse
  • boolean類型,控制Z軸移動(dòng)方向,達(dá)到視覺(jué)遠(yuǎn)近移動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的視圖放大縮小效果。
  • applyTransformation()
  • 根據(jù)動(dòng)畫播放的時(shí)間 interpolatedTime (動(dòng)畫start到end的過(guò)程,interpolatedTime從0.0變化到1.0),讓Camera在Z軸方向上進(jìn)行相應(yīng)距離的移動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)視覺(jué)上遠(yuǎn)近移動(dòng)的效果。然后調(diào)用 rotateX()方法,讓視圖圍繞Y軸進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn),產(chǎn)生3D立體旋轉(zhuǎn)效果。最后再通過(guò)Matrix來(lái)確定旋轉(zhuǎn)的中心點(diǎn)的位置。

activity_main.xml布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:background="@android:color/white" > <Button  android:id="@+id/btn_open"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  android:layout_margin="16dp"  android:onClick="onClickView"  android:text="打開(kāi)"  android:textColor="@android:color/black"  android:textSize="16sp" /> <RelativeLayout  android:id="@+id/rl_content"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:layout_below="@id/btn_open"  android:layout_marginTop="16dp"   android:background="@android:color/black">  <ImageView   android:id="@+id/iv_logo"   android:layout_width="match_parent"   android:layout_height="match_parent"   android:contentDescription="@null"   android:src="@drawable/ic_qrcode"    android:scaleType="centerInside"/>  <TextView   android:id="@+id/tv_desc"   android:layout_width="wrap_content"   android:layout_height="wrap_content"   android:padding="16dp"   android:text="武林網(wǎng)。"   android:textColor="@android:color/white"   android:textSize="18sp"    android:visibility="gone"/> </RelativeLayout></RelativeLayout>

布局中配置了卡牌正面的圖片控件,卡牌背面的文本控件,以及他們的parent容器,也就是本文中的旋轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)畫的執(zhí)行對(duì)象。

MainActivity.java文件:

package com.feng.androidtest;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.view.animation.AccelerateInterpolator;import android.view.animation.Animation;import android.view.animation.Animation.AnimationListener;import android.view.animation.DecelerateInterpolator;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.RelativeLayout;import android.widget.TextView;import com.example.androidtest.R;public class MainActivity extends Activity { private RelativeLayout mContentRl; private ImageView mLogoIv; private TextView mDescTv; private Button mOpenBtn; private int centerX; private int centerY; private int depthZ = 400; private int duration = 600; private Rotate3dAnimation openAnimation; private Rotate3dAnimation closeAnimation; private boolean isOpen = false; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  mContentRl = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.rl_content);  mLogoIv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_logo);  mDescTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_desc);  mOpenBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_open); } /**  * 卡牌文本介紹打開(kāi)效果:注意旋轉(zhuǎn)角度  */ private void initOpenAnim() {  //從0到90度,順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)視圖,此時(shí)reverse參數(shù)為true,達(dá)到90度時(shí)動(dòng)畫結(jié)束時(shí)視圖變得不可見(jiàn),  openAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(0, 90, centerX, centerY, depthZ, true);  openAnimation.setDuration(duration);  openAnimation.setFillAfter(true);  openAnimation.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());  openAnimation.setAnimationListener(new AnimationListener() {   @Override   public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {    mLogoIv.setVisibility(View.GONE);    mDescTv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);    //從270到360度,順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)視圖,此時(shí)reverse參數(shù)為false,達(dá)到360度動(dòng)畫結(jié)束時(shí)視圖變得可見(jiàn)    Rotate3dAnimation rotateAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(270, 360, centerX, centerY, depthZ, false);    rotateAnimation.setDuration(duration);    rotateAnimation.setFillAfter(true);    rotateAnimation.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());    mContentRl.startAnimation(rotateAnimation);   }  }); } /**  * 卡牌文本介紹關(guān)閉效果:旋轉(zhuǎn)角度與打開(kāi)時(shí)逆行即可  */ private void initCloseAnim() {  closeAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(360, 270, centerX, centerY, depthZ, true);  closeAnimation.setDuration(duration);  closeAnimation.setFillAfter(true);  closeAnimation.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());  closeAnimation.setAnimationListener(new AnimationListener() {   @Override   public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {   }   @Override   public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {    mLogoIv.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);    mDescTv.setVisibility(View.GONE);    Rotate3dAnimation rotateAnimation = new Rotate3dAnimation(90, 0, centerX, centerY, depthZ, false);    rotateAnimation.setDuration(duration);    rotateAnimation.setFillAfter(true);    rotateAnimation.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());    mContentRl.startAnimation(rotateAnimation);   }  }); } public void onClickView(View v) {  //以旋轉(zhuǎn)對(duì)象的中心點(diǎn)為旋轉(zhuǎn)中心點(diǎn),這里主要不要再onCreate方法中獲取,因?yàn)橐晥D初始繪制時(shí),獲取的寬高為0  centerX = mContentRl.getWidth()/2;   centerY = mContentRl.getHeight()/2;   if (openAnimation == null) {   initOpenAnim();   initCloseAnim();  }   //用作判斷當(dāng)前點(diǎn)擊事件發(fā)生時(shí)動(dòng)畫是否正在執(zhí)行  if (openAnimation.hasStarted() && !openAnimation.hasEnded()) {   return;  }  if (closeAnimation.hasStarted() && !closeAnimation.hasEnded()) {   return;  }  //判斷動(dòng)畫執(zhí)行  if (isOpen) {   mContentRl.startAnimation(closeAnimation);  }else {   mContentRl.startAnimation(openAnimation);  }  isOpen = !isOpen;  mOpenBtn.setText(isOpen ? "關(guān)閉" : "打開(kāi)"); }}

代碼中已對(duì)核心的地方做了注釋解釋,主要弄清楚 rotate3dAnimation構(gòu)造參數(shù)中的 fromDegrees和toDegrees、depthZ、reverse參數(shù),同時(shí)在動(dòng)畫中設(shè)置了速度插播器,如動(dòng)畫的前半程使用加速器 AccelerateInterpolator,后半程使用減速器 DecelerateInterpolator,使動(dòng)畫體驗(yàn)更加人性化。

以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)Android軟件編程有所幫助。

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