一、Mongodb導(dǎo)出工具mongoexport
Mongodb中的mongoexport工具可以把一個(gè)collection導(dǎo)出成JSON格式或CSV格式的文件。可以通過(guò)參數(shù)指定導(dǎo)出的數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)，也可以根據(jù)指定的條件導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)。
mongoexport具體用法
- [root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoexport --help
- Export MongoDB data to CSV, TSV or JSON files.
- options:
- --help produce help message
- -v [ --verbose ] be more verbose (include multiple times for more
- verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)
- --version print the program's version and exit
- -h [ --host ] arg mongo host to connect to ( <set name>/s1,s2 for
- sets)
- --port arg server port. Can also use --host hostname:port
- --ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)
- -u [ --username ] arg username
- -p [ --password ] arg password
- --dbpath arg directly access mongod database files in the given
- path, instead of connecting to a mongod server -
- needs to lock the data directory, so cannot be used
- if a mongod is currently accessing the same path
- --directoryperdb if dbpath specified, each db is in a separate
- directory
- --journal enable journaling
- -d [ --db ] arg database to use
- -c [ --collection ] arg collection to use (some commands)
- -f [ --fields ] arg comma separated list of field names e.g. -f
- name,age
- --fieldFile arg file with fields names - 1 per line
- -q [ --query ] arg query filter, as a JSON string
- --csv export to csv instead of json
- -o [ --out ] arg output file; if not specified, stdout is used
- --jsonArray output to a json array rather than one object per
- line
- -k [ --slaveOk ] arg (=1) use secondaries for export if available, default
- true
參數(shù)說(shuō)明
-h:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)宿主機(jī)的IP
-u:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的用戶(hù)名
-p:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的密碼
-d:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名字
-c:指明collection的名字
-f:指明要導(dǎo)出那些列
-o:指明到要導(dǎo)出的文件名
-q:指明導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)的過(guò)濾條件
二、常用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出實(shí)例
1.直接導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)到文件中
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongoexport -d my_mongodb -c user -o user.dat
connected to: 127.0.0.1
exported 2 records
[root@localhost bin]# cat user.dat
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "4f81a4a1779282ca68fd8a5a" }, "uid" : 2, "username" : "Jerry", "age" : 100 }
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "4f844d1847d25a9ce5f120c4" }, "uid" : 1, "username" : "Tom", "age" : 25 }
[root@localhost bin]#
命令執(zhí)行完后使用命令查看，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)目錄下生成了一個(gè)students.dat的文件
參數(shù)說(shuō)明
-d 指明使用的庫(kù), 本例中為” my_mongodb”
-c 指明要導(dǎo)出的表, 本例中為”user”
-o 指明要導(dǎo)出的文件名, 本例中為”user.dat”
從上面可以看到導(dǎo)出的方式使用的是JSON 的樣式
2、將foo庫(kù)中的表t1導(dǎo)出成json格式
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongoexport -d foo -c t1 -o /data/t1.json
connected to: 127.0.0.1
exported 1 records
[root@localhost bin]#
導(dǎo)出成功后我們看一下/data/t1.json文件的樣式
root@localhost data]# more t1.json
{ "_id" : { "$oid" : "4f927e2385b7a6814a0540a0" }, "age" : 2 }
[root@localhost data]#
3、導(dǎo)出為CSV格式的數(shù)據(jù)
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongoexport -d foo -c t2 --csv -f age,name -o /data/t2.csv
connected to: 127.0.0.1
exported 1 records
[root@localhost bin]#
查看/data/t2.csv的導(dǎo)出結(jié)果
[root@localhost data]# more t2.csv
age,name
1,"wwl"
[root@localhost data]#
三、Mongodb導(dǎo)入工具mongoexport
Mongodb中的mongoimport工具可以把一個(gè)特定格式文件中的內(nèi)容導(dǎo)入到指定的collection中。該工具可以導(dǎo)入JSON格式數(shù)據(jù)，也可以導(dǎo)入CSV格式數(shù)據(jù)。
具體使用如下
- [root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoimport --help
- options:
- --help produce help message
- -v [ --verbose ] be more verbose (include multiple times for more
- verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)
- --version print the program's version and exit
- -h [ --host ] arg mongo host to connect to ( <set name>/s1,s2 for sets)
- --port arg server port. Can also use --host hostname:port
- --ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)
- -u [ --username ] arg username
- -p [ --password ] arg password
- --dbpath arg directly access mongod database files in the given
- path, instead of connecting to a mongod server -
- needs to lock the data directory, so cannot be used
- if a mongod is currently accessing the same path
- --directoryperdb if dbpath specified, each db is in a separate
- directory
- --journal enable journaling
- -d [ --db ] arg database to use
- -c [ --collection ] arg collection to use (some commands)
- -f [ --fields ] arg comma separated list of field names e.g. -f name,age
- --fieldFile arg file with fields names - 1 per line
- --ignoreBlanks if given, empty fields in csv and tsv will be ignored
- --type arg type of file to import. default: json (json,csv,tsv)
- --file arg file to import from; if not specified stdin is used
- --drop drop collection first
- --headerline CSV,TSV only - use first line as headers
- --upsert insert or update objects that already exist
- --upsertFields arg comma-separated fields for the query part of the
- upsert. You should make sure this is indexed
- --stopOnError stop importing at first error rather than continuing
- --jsonArray load a json array, not one item per line. Currently
- limited to 4MB.
參數(shù)說(shuō)明
-h:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)宿主機(jī)的IP
-u:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的用戶(hù)名
-p:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的密碼
-d:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名字
-c:指明collection的名字
-f:指明要導(dǎo)入那些列
四、常用數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入實(shí)例
1、導(dǎo)入JSON 數(shù)據(jù)
[root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoimport -d test -c students students.dat
connected to: 127.0.0.1
imported 9 objects
[root@localhost mongodb]#
參數(shù)說(shuō)明
-d:指明數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名，本例中為test
-c:指明collection名，本例中為students
students.dat：導(dǎo)入的文件名
2、導(dǎo)入CSV格式文件中的內(nèi)容
[root@localhost mongodb]# ./bin/mongoimport -d test -c students --type csv --headerline --file students_csv.dat
connected to: 127.0.0.1
imported 10 objects
[root@localhost mongodb]#
參數(shù)說(shuō)明：
-type:指明要導(dǎo)入的文件格式
-headerline:指明第一行是列名，不需要導(dǎo)入
-file：指明要導(dǎo)入的文件
以上所述就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望大家能夠喜歡。
