#pragma once #include "vector" #include "iostream" #define rep(i,n) for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) //宏定義for循環，精簡代碼 using namespace std; class Matrix { public:   //基本構造函數   Matrix(int Row=0, int Column=0);   //拷貝構造函數或者復制構造函數   Matrix(const Matrix& matrix);   //賦值操作符重載，必須為成員函數，不然會報錯   Matrix& operator=(const Matrix& matrix);   //復合賦值操作符重載，建議重載為成員函數   Matrix& operator+=(const Matrix& matrix);   Matrix& operator*=(const Matrix& matrix);   Matrix& operator*=(const float& number);   Matrix& operator*=(const int& number);   Matrix& operator-=(const Matrix& matrix);   Matrix& operator/=(const float& number);   float& operator[](const size_t& index);   Matrix& operator++();//前綴式自增   Matrix& operator--();//前綴式自減   Matrix operator++(int); //后綴式自增   Matrix operator--(int); //后綴式自減   //算術和關系操作符一般為非成員函數，聲明為友元   friend Matrix operator+(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2);   friend Matrix operator-(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2);   friend Matrix operator*(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2);   friend Matrix operator*(const Matrix& matrix1, const float& number);   friend Matrix operator*(const Matrix& matrix1, const int& number);   friend bool operator==(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2);   friend bool operator!=(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2);   //輸出操作符<<的重載,必須聲明為友元   friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Matrix&object);   //輸入操作符>>重載，必須聲明為友元   friend istream& operator >>(istream& in,Matrix&object);   void Display();   ~Matrix(); public:   int Row;   int Column;   vector<vector<float> > data; //二維vector，用于存放矩陣類數據 }; 

#include "stdafx.h" #include "Matrix.h" #include "iomanip" //構造函數 Matrix::Matrix(int Row/* =0 */, int Column/* =0 */){   this->Row = Row;   this->Column = Column;   data.resize(Row + 1); //申請行數為row+1，0號位不用   rep(i, Row)     data[i].resize(Column + 1); //申請各行的列數   rep(i, Row)     rep(j, Column)     data[i][j] = 0; //每個元素初始化為0，方便后面計算 } //打印函數 void Matrix::Display(){   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)       cout << setw(8) << data[i][j] << ' ';     cout <<endl;   } } //拷貝構造函數 Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& matrix){   Row = matrix.Row;   Column = matrix.Column;   data.resize(Row+1); //申請行數為row，0號位不用   rep(i, Row)     data[i].resize(Column+1); //申請各行的列數   rep(i, Row)     rep(j, Column)     data[i][j] = matrix.data[i][j]; } //賦值操作符重載 Matrix& Matrix::operator=(const Matrix& matrix){   if (this==&matrix)   {     return *this;   }   Row = matrix.Row;   Column = matrix.Column;   //分配資源   data.resize(Row + 1); //申請行數為row+1，0號位不用   rep(i, Row)     data[i].resize(Column + 1); //申請各行的列數   rep(i, Row)     rep(j, Column)     data[i][j] = matrix.data[i][j];   //返回本對象的引用   return *this; } //復合賦值操作符重載 Matrix& Matrix::operator+=(const Matrix& matrix){   if (Row == matrix.Row&&Column == matrix.Column)   {     rep(i, Row)     {       rep(j,Column)       {         data[i][j] += matrix.data[i][j];       }     }   }   return *this; } Matrix& Matrix::operator-=(const Matrix& matrix){   if (Row == matrix.Row&&Column == matrix.Column)   {     rep(i, Row)     {       rep(j, Column)       {         data[i][j] -= matrix.data[i][j];       }     }   }   return *this; } Matrix& Matrix::operator*=(const float& number){   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] = data[i][j] * number;     }   }   return *this; } Matrix& Matrix::operator*=(const int& number){   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] = data[i][j] * number;     }   }   return *this; } Matrix& Matrix::operator*=(const Matrix& matrix){   //先保存矩陣的值   Matrix temp(Row, Column);   rep(i, temp.Row)   {     rep(j, temp.Column)     {       temp.data[i][j] = data[i][j];     }   }   //改變矩陣的大小和值   Column = matrix.Column;   data.clear();    //清除數據   data.resize(Row+1); //申請行數為row+1，0號位不用   rep(i, Row)     data[i].resize(Column+1); //申請各行的列數   //重新給矩陣賦值   rep(i, temp.Row)   {     rep(j, matrix.Column)     {       double sum = 0;       rep(k, temp.Column)         sum += temp.data[i][k] * matrix.data[k][j];       data[i][j] = sum; //改變矩陣的值     }   }   return *this; } Matrix& Matrix::operator/=(const float& number){   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] = data[i][j] / number;     }   }   return *this; } //前綴式自增 Matrix& Matrix::operator++(){   //對每個元素都加1   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] +=1;     }   }   return *this; } //前綴式自減 Matrix& Matrix::operator--(){   //對每個元素都減1   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] -= 1;     }   }   return *this; } //后綴式自增 Matrix Matrix::operator++(int){   //拷貝構造函數   Matrix ret(*this);   //對每個元素都加1   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] += 1;     }   }   return ret; } //后綴式自減 Matrix Matrix::operator--(int){   //拷貝構造函數   Matrix ret(*this);   //對每個元素都減1   rep(i, Row)   {     rep(j, Column)     {       data[i][j] -= 1;     }   }   return ret; } //析構函數 Matrix::~Matrix() {   data.clear(); } //加法操作符重載 Matrix operator+(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2){   Matrix temp(matrix1.Row, matrix1.Column);   if (matrix1.Row == matrix2.Row&&matrix1.Column == matrix2.Column)   {     rep(i, matrix1.Row)     {       rep(j, matrix2.Column)       {         temp.data[i][j] = matrix1.data[i][j]+matrix2.data[i][j];       }     }   }   return temp; } //減法操作符重載 Matrix operator-(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2){   Matrix temp(matrix1.Row, matrix1.Column);   if (matrix1.Row == matrix2.Row&&matrix1.Column == matrix2.Column)   {     rep(i, matrix1.Row)     {       rep(j, matrix2.Column)       {         temp.data[i][j] = matrix1.data[i][j] - matrix2.data[i][j];       }     }   }   return temp; } //乘法操作符重載 Matrix operator*(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2){   Matrix temp(matrix1.Row, matrix2.Column);   rep(i, temp.Row)   {     rep(j, temp.Column)     {       double sum = 0;       rep(k, matrix1.Column)         sum += matrix1.data[i][k] * matrix2.data[k][j];       temp.data[i][j] = sum;     }   }   return temp; } //乘法操作符重載 Matrix operator*(const Matrix& matrix1, const float& number){   Matrix temp(matrix1.Row, matrix1.Column);   rep(i, temp.Row)   {     rep(j, temp.Column)     {       temp.data[i][j] = matrix1.data[i][j]* number;     }   }   return temp; } //乘法操作符重載 Matrix operator*(const Matrix& matrix1, const int& number){   Matrix temp(matrix1.Row, matrix1.Column);   rep(i, temp.Row)   {     rep(j, temp.Column)     {       temp.data[i][j] = matrix1.data[i][j] * number;     }   }   return temp; } //等于關系操作符重載 bool operator==(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2){   //只有維數相等才有可比性   if (matrix1.Row==matrix2.Row&&matrix1.Column==matrix2.Column)   {     rep(i, matrix1.Row)     {       rep(j, matrix1.Column)       {         if (matrix1.data[i][j]!=matrix2.data[i][j])         {           return false;         }       }     }     return true;   }   else   {     return false;   }   } //不等于關系操作符重載 bool operator!=(const Matrix& matrix1, const Matrix& matrix2){   //只有維數相等才有可比性   if (matrix1.Row == matrix2.Row&&matrix1.Column == matrix2.Column)   {     rep(i, matrix1.Row)     {       rep(j, matrix1.Column)       {         if (matrix1.data[i][j] != matrix2.data[i][j])         {           return true;         }       }     }     return false;   }   else   {     return false;   } } //輸出操作符重載 ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Matrix&object){    rep(i, object.Row)   {     rep(j, object.Column)       os << setw(8) << object.data[i][j] << ' ';     os <<endl;   }   return os; } //輸入操作符重載 istream& operator >>(istream& in, Matrix&object){   rep(i, object.Row)     rep(j, object.Column)     in >> object.data[i][j];   return in; } 

#include "iostream" #include "Matrix.h" using namespace std; int main(){   int row1, row2, col1, col2;   cout << "請輸入第一個矩陣的行和列:/n";   cin >> row1 >> col1;   Matrix m1(row1, col1);   cout << "請輸入" << row1 << '*' << col1 << "個數:/n";   cin >> m1;   cout << "輸出矩陣的值:/n";   cout << m1;   cout << "請輸入第二個矩陣的行和列:/n";   cin >> row2 >> col2;   Matrix m2(row2, col2);   cout << "請輸入" << row2 << '*' << col2 << "個數:/n ";   cin >> m2;   cout << "輸出矩陣的值:/n";   cout << m2;   if (col1 != row2)     cout << "這兩個矩陣無法相乘/n";   else   {     cout << "判斷矩陣m1與m2是否相等：/n";     if (m1==m2)     {       cout << "m1和m2相等：/n";     }     else     {       cout << "m1和m2不相等：/n";     }      cout << "m1拷貝構造m3矩陣結果輸出：/n";     Matrix m3(m1);     cout << m3;      cout << "m1賦值重載m4矩陣結果輸出：/n";     Matrix m4(m1.Row,m1.Column);     m4 = m1;     cout << m4;      cout << "m1*m2矩陣相乘輸出m5：/n";     Matrix m5(m1.Row, m2.Column);     m5 = m1*m2;     cout << m5;      cout << "矩陣m1*2輸出m6：/n";     Matrix m6(m1.Row, m1.Column);     m6 = m1*2;     cout << m6;      cout << "矩陣m1*0.5輸出m7：/n";     Matrix m7(m1.Row, m1.Column);     m7 = m1 * 0.5;     cout << m7;      cout << "m1*m2矩陣相乘輸出m1：/n";     m1 *= m2;     cout << m1;      cout << "m1矩陣前自增輸出/n";     cout << ++m1;      cout << "m1矩陣后自增輸出/n";     cout << m1++;      cout << "m1矩陣輸出/n";     cout << m1;      cout << "m1矩陣前自減輸出/n";     cout << --m1;      cout << "m1矩陣后自減輸出/n";     cout << m1--;      cout << "m1矩陣輸出/n";     cout << m1;   }   return 0; }