本文實例講述了C#實現微信結合百度api獲取當前用戶地理位置的方法。分享給大家供大家參考,具體如下:
操作步驟:
1. 先根據微信提供的接口文檔獲取到經緯度
參考文檔地址:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/8/1b86529d05db9f960e48c3c7ca5be288.html
2. 由于直接使用微信獲取到的經緯度,來使用百度地圖api獲取地址存在500~1000米的偏差,有時候定位不是很準確,所以需要轉換成百度的坐標
參考文檔地址:http://developer.baidu.com/map/index.php?title=webapi/guide/changeposition
3. 根據百度api實現逆地址解析,獲取當前位置
參考文檔地址:http://developer.baidu.com/map/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding
具體實例:
該例子是mvc項目
1. WX_Location.cshtml頁面:
@using System.Web.Optimization;@{ Layout = "~/Views/Shared/Master/_App.cshtml";}@section Head{}<div data-role="page"> <div data-role="header" id="header" data-position="fixed">  <h1>微信定位頁面</h1> </div> <div data-role="content" class="ui-content">  <form id="add" method="post" onsubmit="return false">   <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="register_table">    <tr class='tr_bg neiy'><td class='tdl neiy'>定位:</td><td class='tdr'><input id='txt_dw' name='dw' type='text' placeholder='正在定位' class='td_input' value='' /></td></tr>   </table>   <div data-role="footer" data-position="fixed" data-id="footernav">    <div data-role="navbar">     <ul>      <li><a href="" style=" rel="external nofollow" font-size: 1em;">返回主頁</a></li>     </ul>    </div>   </div>   @Html.AntiForgeryToken()  </form> </div></div>@section scripts{  @*微信js-sdk*@ <script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript">  //微信jssdk配置  wx.config({   debug: false,   appId: "",   timestamp: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["timestamp"])",   nonceStr: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["nonceStr"])",   signature: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["signature"])",   jsApiList: [     'checkJsApi',     'onMenuShareTimeline',     'onMenuShareAppMessage',     'onMenuShareQQ',     'onMenuShareWeibo',     'hideMenuItems',     'showMenuItems',     'hideAllNonBaseMenuItem',     'showAllNonBaseMenuItem',     'translateVoice',     'startRecord',     'stopRecord',     'onRecordEnd',     'playVoice',     'pauseVoice',     'stopVoice',     'uploadVoice',     'downloadVoice',     'chooseImage',     'previewImage',     'uploadImage',     'downloadImage',     'getNetworkType',     'openLocation',     'getLocation',     'hideOptionMenu',     'showOptionMenu',     'closeWindow',     'scanQRCode',     'chooseWXPay',     'openProductSpecificView',     'addCard',     'chooseCard',     'openCard'   ]  });  //wx.error(function (res) {  // alert("錯誤:" + res);  //});  wx.checkJsApi({   jsApiList: [     'getLocation',   ],   success: function (res) {    if (res.checkResult.getLocation == false) {     alert('你的微信版本太低,不支持微信JS接口,請升級到最新的微信版本!');     return;    }   }  });  wx.ready(function () {   wx.getLocation({    type: 'wgs84', // 默認為wgs84的gps坐標,如果要返回直接給openLocation用的火星坐標,可傳入'gcj02'    success: function (res) {     var latitude = res.latitude; // 緯度,浮點數,范圍為90 ~ -90     var longitude = res.longitude; // 經度,浮點數,范圍為180 ~ -180。     var speed = res.speed; // 速度,以米/每秒計     var accuracy = res.accuracy; // 位置精度     //alert(latitude + "。" + longitude);     //獲取到經緯度之后,異步去后臺加載出來真實的地理位置     $.post("/App/Common/GetLocation", { lat: latitude, lon: longitude },      function (data) {       //把返回回來的地理位置顯示在頁面的控件里面       $("#txt_dw").val(data);      }, 'html');    },    cancel: function (res) {     alert('用戶拒絕授權獲取地理位置');    }   });  }); </script>}2.
/// <summary>/// 微信定位/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public ActionResult WX_Location(){   #region 獲取定位所需要的參數   //jssdk JS接口安全域名填寫,   //access_token來獲取jsapi_ticket   string ticket = GetTicket();   var timeStamp = TenpayUtil.getTimestamp();   var nonceStr = TenpayUtil.getNoncestr();   //設置參數   RequestHandler paySignReqHandler = new RequestHandler(System.Web.HttpContext.Current);   //參數順序。   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("jsapi_ticket", ticket);   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("noncestr", nonceStr);   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("timestamp", timeStamp);   paySignReqHandler.setParameter("url", Request.Url.AbsoluteUri);//Url#號后不要   // LogHelper.WriteInfoLog("noncestr:" + nonceStr + "。jsapi_ticked:" + ticket + "。timestamp:" + timeStamp + "。url:"+Request.Url.AbsoluteUri + "。");   ViewData["signature"] = paySignReqHandler.createSHA1Sign();   //LogHelper.WriteInfoLog("signature:" + paySignReqHandler.createSHA1Sign());   ViewData["timestamp"] = timeStamp;   ViewData["nonceStr"] = nonceStr;   #endregion   return View();}3. 獲取地理位置方法
#region 獲取地理位置public ActionResult GetLocation(string lat, string lon){   //23.1294。113.3761   LogHelper.WriteInfoLog(lat + "。" + lon);   string x = string.Empty, y = string.Empty, strReturn = string.Empty;   #region 先把微信經緯度(23.12536。113.36684 )轉換成百度坐標   string apiurl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geoconv/v1/?coords=" + lon + "," + lat + "&from=1&to=5&ak=你的百度地圖api密鑰";   WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);   request.Method = "POST";   WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();   Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();   Encoding encode = Encoding.UTF8;   StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);   string detail = reader.ReadToEnd();   var jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<BaiDuCoordinates>(detail);   List<bc_result> result = jd.result;   foreach (var item in result)   {    x = item.x;    y = item.y;   }   #endregion   #region 通過得到的百度坐標進行逆地址解析獲取到真實的地理位置   apiurl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?ak=8aoCgAGfz0r4MantipNitjI0&callback=renderReverse&location=" + y + "," + x + "&output=json&pois=1";   #region 通過傳入的參數得到url請求   request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);   request.Method = "POST";   response = request.GetResponse();   stream = response.GetResponseStream();   encode = Encoding.UTF8;   reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);   detail = reader.ReadToEnd();   //@"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)";//(?is)   // string results = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(detail, @"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)", "$2");   string results = Regex.Match(detail, @"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)").Result("$1");   JsonData jsondta = JsonMapper.ToObject(results);   JsonData jdItems = jsondta["result"];   //獲取結構化地址信息   strReturn = (String)jdItems["formatted_address"];   LogHelper.WriteInfoLog(strReturn);   #endregion   #endregion   return Content(strReturn);}#endregion涉及到的相關方法以及類:
1. 獲取ticket
#region w微信JS-SDK權限簽名public string GetTicket(){   #region 通過 appid + appsecert 獲取公眾號的 access_token(不是用戶的 access_token)   string apiurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + TenpayUtil.appid + "&secret=" + TenpayUtil.appsecret;   #region 通過傳入的參數得到url請求   WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);   request.Method = "POST";   WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();   Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();   Encoding encode = Encoding.UTF8;   StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);   string detail = reader.ReadToEnd();   var jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WX_JSSDK>(detail);   String access_token = (String)jd.access_token;   Session["access_token"] = access_token;   #endregion   #endregion   #region 獲取ticket   apiurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + access_token + "&type=jsapi";   request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);   response = request.GetResponse();   stream = response.GetResponseStream();   encode = Encoding.UTF8;   reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);   detail = reader.ReadToEnd();   jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WX_JSSDK>(detail);   String ticket = jd.ticket;   Session["ticket"] = ticket;   #endregion   return ticket;}#endregion2. TenpayUtil類
/// <summary>/// TenpayUtil 的摘要說明。/// 配置文件/// </summary>public class TenpayUtil{    public static string tenpay = "1";    //財付通商戶號    public static string partner = "";/    //財付通密鑰    public static string key = "";    //微信appsecret    public static string appsecret = "";    //微信appid    public static string appid = "";    //paysignkey(非appkey)    public static string appkey = "";    //支付完成后的回調處理頁面,*替換成notify_url.asp所在路徑    public static string tenpay_notify = "";    public TenpayUtil()    {    }    public static string getNoncestr()    {      Random random = new Random();      return MD5Util.GetMD5(random.Next(1000).ToString(), "GBK");    }    public static string getTimestamp()    {      TimeSpan ts = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);      return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString();    }    /** 對字符串進行URL編碼 */    public static string UrlEncode(string instr, string charset)    {      //return instr;      if (instr == null || instr.Trim() == "")        return "";      else      {        string res;        try        {          res = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding(charset));        }        catch (Exception ex)        {          res = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));        }        return res;      }    }    /** 對字符串進行URL解碼 */    public static string UrlDecode(string instr, string charset)    {      if (instr == null || instr.Trim() == "")        return "";      else      {        string res;        try        {          res = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding(charset));        }        catch (Exception ex)        {          res = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));        }        return res;      }    }    /** 取時間戳生成隨即數,替換交易單號中的后10位流水號 */    public static UInt32 UnixStamp()    {      TimeSpan ts = DateTime.Now - TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToLocalTime(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));      return Convert.ToUInt32(ts.TotalSeconds);    }    /** 取隨機數 */    public static string BuildRandomStr(int length)    {      Random rand = new Random();      int num = rand.Next();      string str = num.ToString();      if (str.Length > length)      {        str = str.Substring(0, length);      }      else if (str.Length < length)      {        int n = length - str.Length;        while (n > 0)        {          str.Insert(0, "0");          n--;        }      }      return str;    }}3. RequestHandler類
/**'簽名工具類============================================================================/// <summary>'api說明:'init();'初始化函數,默認給一些參數賦值。'setKey(key_)'設置商戶密鑰'createMd5Sign(signParams);字典生成Md5簽名'genPackage(packageParams);獲取package包'createSHA1Sign(signParams);創建簽名SHA1'parseXML();輸出xml'getDebugInfo(),獲取debug信息** ============================================================================*/public class RequestHandler{    public RequestHandler(HttpContext httpContext)    {      parameters = new Hashtable();      this.httpContext = httpContext;    }    /** 密鑰 */    private string key;    protected HttpContext httpContext;    /** 請求的參數 */    protected Hashtable parameters;    /** debug信息 */    private string debugInfo;    /** 初始化函數 */    public virtual void init()    {    }    /** 獲取debug信息 */    public String getDebugInfo()    {      return debugInfo;    }    /** 獲取密鑰 */    public String getKey()    {      return key;    }    /** 設置密鑰 */    public void setKey(string key)    {      this.key = key;    }    /** 設置參數值 */    public void setParameter(string parameter, string parameterValue)    {      if (parameter != null && parameter != "")      {        if (parameters.Contains(parameter))        {          parameters.Remove(parameter);        }        parameters.Add(parameter, parameterValue);      }    }    //獲取package帶參數的簽名包    public string getRequestURL()    {      this.createSign();      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);      akeys.Sort();      foreach (string k in akeys)      {        string v = (string)parameters[k];        if (null != v && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)        {          sb.Append(k + "=" + TenpayUtil.UrlEncode(v, getCharset()) + "&");        }      }      //去掉最后一個&      if (sb.Length > 0)      {        sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);      }      return sb.ToString();    }    //創建md5摘要,規則是:按參數名稱a-z排序,遇到空值的參數不參加簽名。    protected virtual void createSign()    {      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);      akeys.Sort();      foreach (string k in akeys)      {        string v = (string)parameters[k];        if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0          && "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)        {          sb.Append(k + "=" + v + "&");        }      }      sb.Append("key=" + this.getKey());      string sign = MD5Util.GetMD5(sb.ToString(), getCharset()).ToUpper();      this.setParameter("sign", sign);      //debug信息      this.setDebugInfo(sb.ToString() + " => sign:" + sign);    }    //創建package簽名    public virtual string CreateMd5Sign(string key, string value)    {      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);      akeys.Sort();      foreach (string k in akeys)      {        string v = (string)parameters[k];        if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0          && "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)        {          sb.Append(k + "=" + v + "&");        }      }      sb.Append(key + "=" + value);      string sign = MD5Util.GetMD5(sb.ToString(), getCharset()).ToUpper();      return sign;    }    //創建sha1簽名    public string createSHA1Sign()    {      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);      akeys.Sort();      foreach (string k in akeys)      {        string v = (string)parameters[k];        if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0            && "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)        {          if (sb.Length == 0)          {            sb.Append(k + "=" + v);          }          else          {            sb.Append("&" + k + "=" + v);          }        }      }      string paySign = SHA1Util.getSha1(sb.ToString()).ToString().ToLower();      //debug信息      this.setDebugInfo(sb.ToString() + " => sign:" + paySign);      return paySign;    }    public string GetBizSign()    {      Dictionary<string, string> bizParameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();      ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);      akeys.Sort();      foreach (string k in akeys)      {        string v = (string)parameters[k];        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(k))        {          bizParameters.Add(k.ToLower(), v);        }      }      if (!bizParameters.Any(p => p.Key.ToLower() == "appkey"))        bizParameters.Add("appkey", TenpayUtil.appkey);      string bizString = FormatBizQueryParaMap(bizParameters, false);      return SHA1Util.Sha1(bizString);    }    public string FormatBizQueryParaMap(Dictionary<string, string> paraMap, bool urlencode)    {      string buff = "";      try      {        var result = from pair in paraMap orderby pair.Key select pair;        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> pair in result)        {          if (pair.Key != "")          {            string key = pair.Key;            string val = pair.Value;            if (urlencode)            {              val = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(val);            }            buff += key.ToLower() + "=" + val + "&";          }        }        if (buff.Length == 0 == false)        {          buff = buff.Substring(0, (buff.Length - 1) - (0));        }      }      catch (Exception e)      {        throw e;        //throw new SDKRuntimeException(e.Message);      }      return buff;    }    //輸出XML    public string parseXML()    {      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();      sb.Append("<xml>");      int iIsNumber = 0;      foreach (string k in parameters.Keys)      {        string v = (string)parameters[k];        if (int.TryParse(v, out iIsNumber))        {          sb.Append("<" + k + ">" + v + "</" + k + ">");        }        else        {          sb.Append("<" + k + "><![CDATA[" + v + "]]></" + k + ">");        }      }      sb.Append("</xml>");      return sb.ToString();    }    /** 設置debug信息 */    public void setDebugInfo(String debugInfo)    {      this.debugInfo = debugInfo;    }    public Hashtable getAllParameters()    {      return this.parameters;    }    protected virtual string getCharset()    {      return this.httpContext.Request.ContentEncoding.BodyName;    }}4. 實體
#region 微信sdkpublic partial class WX_JSSDK{  public string access_token { get; set; }  public string ticket { get; set; }}#endregion#region 百度坐標轉換public partial class BaiDuCoordinates{  public string status { get; set; }  public List<bc_result> result { get; set; }}public partial class bc_result{  public string x { get; set; }  public string y { get; set; }}#endregion更多關于C#相關內容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題:《C#常見控件用法教程》、《WinForm控件用法總結》、《C#數據結構與算法教程》、《C#面向對象程序設計入門教程》及《C#程序設計之線程使用技巧總結》
希望本文所述對大家C#程序設計有所幫助。
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