MySQL創建用戶與授權方法

2020-01-18 23:56:58

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注:我的運行環境是widnows xp professional + MySQL5.0

一, 創建用戶:

命令:CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

說明:username - 你將創建的用戶名, host - 指定該用戶在哪個主機上可以登陸,如果是本地用戶可用localhost, 如果想讓該用戶可以從任意遠程主機登陸,可以使用通配符%. password - 該用戶的登陸密碼,密碼可以為空,如果為空則該用戶可以不需要密碼登陸服務器.

例子: CREATE USER 'dog'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'192.168.1.101_' IDENDIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '';
CREATE USER 'pig'@'%';

二,授權:

命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host'

說明: privileges - 用戶的操作權限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(詳細列表見該文最后面).如果要授予所的權限則使用ALL.;databasename - 數據庫名,tablename-表名,如果要授予該用戶對所有數據庫和表的相應操作權限則可用*表示, 如*.*.

例子: GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%';

注意:用以上命令授權的用戶不能給其它用戶授權,如果想讓該用戶可以授權,用以下命令:
GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host' WITH GRANT OPTION;

三.設置與更改用戶密碼

命令:SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('newpassword');如果是當前登陸用戶用SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword");

例子: SET PASSWORD FOR 'pig'@'%' = PASSWORD("123456");

四.撤銷用戶權限

命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host';

說明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授權部分.

例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%';

注意: 假如你在給用戶'pig'@'%'授權的時候是這樣的(或類似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%', 則在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%';命令并不能撤銷該用戶對test數據庫中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授權使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%';則REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM 'pig'@'%';命令也不能撤銷該用戶對test數據庫中user表的Select 權限.

具體信息可以用命令SHOW GRANTS FOR 'pig'@'%'; 查看.

五.刪除用戶

命令: DROP USER 'username'@'host';

附表:在MySQL中的操作權限

`ALTER`	Allows use of `ALTER TABLE`.
`ALTER ROUTINE`	Alters or drops stored routines.
`CREATE`	Allows use of `CREATE TABLE`.
`CREATE ROUTINE`	Creates stored routines.
`CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE`	Allows use of `CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE`.
`CREATE USER`	Allows use of `CREATE USER`, `DROP USER`, `RENAME USER`, and `REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES`.
`CREATE VIEW`	Allows use of `CREATE VIEW`.
`DELETE`	Allows use of `DELETE`.
`DROP`	Allows use of `DROP TABLE`.
`EXECUTE`	Allows the user to run stored routines.
`FILE`	Allows use of `SELECT`... `INTO OUTFILE` and `LOAD DATA INFILE`.
`INDEX`	Allows use of `CREATE INDEX` and `DROP INDEX`.
`INSERT`	Allows use of `INSERT`.
`LOCK TABLES`	Allows use of `LOCK TABLES` on tables for which the user also has `SELECT` privileges.
`PROCESS`	Allows use of `SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST`.
`RELOAD`	Allows use of `FLUSH`.
`REPLICATION`	Allows the user to ask where slave or master
`CLIENT`	servers are.
`REPLICATION SLAVE`	Needed for replication slaves.
`SELECT`	Allows use of `SELECT`.
`SHOW DATABASES`	Allows use of `SHOW DATABASES`.
`SHOW VIEW`	Allows use of `SHOW CREATE VIEW`.
`SHUTDOWN`	Allows use of `mysqladmin shutdown`.
`SUPER`	Allows use of `CHANGE MASTER`, `KILL`, `PURGE MASTER LOGS`, and `SET GLOBAL` SQL statements. Allows `mysqladmin debug` command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
`UPDATE`	Allows use of `UPDATE`.
`USAGE`	Allows connection without any specific privileges.