注:本文檔做了兩個(gè)MYSQL實(shí)例,多個(gè)實(shí)例方法以此類推
LINUX操作系統(tǒng):centOS6.3 64bit(安裝了系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)開發(fā)包)
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一:
MYSQL版本:mysql-5.0.56
PORT:3306
系統(tǒng)目錄:/usr/local/mysql3306
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二:
MYSQL版本:mysql-5.1.72
PORT:3307
系統(tǒng)目錄:/usr/local/mysql3307
一.安裝開發(fā)包(使用默認(rèn)CENTOS更新源):
# yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc* libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*
二.關(guān)閉iptables和SELINUX
# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
---------------
SELINUX=disabled
---------------
三.安裝mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例
1.下載編譯包:
# su -
# mkdir ~/src
# cd src
# wget http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
# wget http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz
2.安裝前的初始配置工作:
1).創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Mysql用戶
# useradd mysql
2).新建mysql下data和log子目錄
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log
3).修改目錄的所屬者以及所屬組權(quán)限
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data/
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log/
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/data
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/log
4).創(chuàng)建mysql相關(guān)目錄并配置權(quán)限
# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld{3306,3307}
# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld{3306,3307}
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mysqld{3306,3307}
# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysqld{3306,3307}
# cp /etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql{3306,3307}/etc
3.解包編譯安裝
編譯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一:
# cd ~/src
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.0.56
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3306 --with-mysqld-user=mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data --with-tcp-port=3306 -enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk -with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=csv,innobase,myisam,heap --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
# make
# make install
編譯數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二:
# cd ~/src
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.71.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.1.71
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql3307 --with-mysqld-user=mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc --localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data --with-tcp-port=3307 -enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=gbk -with-extra-charsets=all --with-plugins=csv,innobase,myisam,heap --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
# make
# make install
4.編寫mysql配置項(xiàng):
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一配置:
# vi /usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
-------------------------------------------------------
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/var/lib/mysqld3306/mysql.pid
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections= 16384
skip-name-resolve
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 32M
table_cache = 3072
thread_cache_size = 256
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
net_buffer_length = 256M
thread_stack = 8M
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
#log
log-error=/usr/local/mysql3306/log/error.log
log=/usr/local/mysql3306/log/mysql.log
long_query_time=2
log-slow-queries= /usr/local/mysql3306/log/slowquery.log
log-bin= /usr/local/mysql3306/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 15
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 4294967295
local-infile=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld3306.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld3306/mysqld.pid
-------------------------------------------------------
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二配置:
# vi /usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf
-------------------------------------------------------
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
user=mysql
port=3307
pid-file=/var/lib/mysqld3307/mysql.pid
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
max_connections= 16384
skip-name-resolve
skip-locking
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 32M
table_cache = 3072
thread_cache_size = 256
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
net_buffer_length = 256M
thread_stack = 8M
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
wait_timeout=7200
interactive_timeout=7200
#log
log-error=/usr/local/mysql3307/log/error.log
log=/usr/local/mysql3307/log/mysql.log
long_query_time=2
log-slow-queries= /usr/local/mysql3307/log/slowquery.log
log-bin= /usr/local/mysql3307/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 15
sync_binlog = 1
max_binlog_cache_size = 4294967295
local-infile=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld3307.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld3307/mysqld.pid
-------------------------------------------------------
5.將mysql的庫(kù)文件路徑加入系統(tǒng)的庫(kù)文件搜索路徑中
方法一:直接做軟鏈接
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql3306/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
方法二:利用ldconfig導(dǎo)入系統(tǒng)庫(kù)
# echo "/usr/local/mysql3306/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
# ldconfig
6.輸出mysql的頭文件到系統(tǒng)頭文件
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql3306/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
注: 此處只需將一個(gè)mysql實(shí)例的庫(kù)文件添加到系統(tǒng)庫(kù),無(wú)需多次添加7.進(jìn)入相應(yīng)實(shí)例的安裝路徑,初始化各自配置腳本
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一配置:
# cd /usr/local/mysql3306
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二配置:
# cd /usr/local/mysql3307
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
8.復(fù)制mysql啟動(dòng)腳本到系統(tǒng)服務(wù)目錄,并更改腳本配置
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3306
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld3307
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一配置:
# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld3006
搜索如下行,紅色標(biāo)注的為添加的參數(shù):
---------------------------------------------
basedir=/usr/local/mysql3306
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3306/data
conf=/usr/local/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
--------------------------------------------
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二配置:
# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld3007
搜索如下行,紅色標(biāo)注的為添加的參數(shù):
---------------------------------------------
basedir=/usr/local/mysql3307
datadir=/usr/local/mysql3307/data
conf=/usr/local/mysql3307/etc/my.cnf
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
--------------------------------------------
9.系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)相關(guān)配置
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一配置:
# chkconfig --add mysqld3306 #添加開機(jī)啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld3306 on #設(shè)置mysql啟動(dòng)
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二配置:
# chkconfig --add mysqld3307
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld3307 on
10.啟動(dòng)mysql
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一啟動(dòng):
# service mysqld3306 start
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二啟動(dòng):
# service mysqld3307 start
11 添加mysql命令集到系統(tǒng)全局變量
注:如果系統(tǒng)之前未安裝mysql客戶端,可以將編譯好的mysql命令集導(dǎo)入系統(tǒng)全局變量
以后就可以直接使用mysql命令集,而不需要使用絕對(duì)路徑訪問(wèn).
# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql3306/bin;export PATH" >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
12. 設(shè)置初始賬戶,并登陸后臺(tái):
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)一:
# /usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #設(shè)置超級(jí)管理員密碼
# /usr/local/mysql3306/bin/mysql -P3306 -S/tmp/mysql3306.sock -uroot -p123456 #連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)二:
# /usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #設(shè)置超級(jí)管理員密碼
# /usr/local/mysql3307/bin/mysql -P3307 -S/tmp/mysql3307.sock -uroot -p123456 #連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
注: 因?yàn)榧恿薽ysql環(huán)境變量,以后系統(tǒng)后臺(tái)可以直接使用mysql命令登錄,這里使用絕對(duì)路徑是為了規(guī)范操作
# mysql -P3307 -S/tmp/mysql3307.sock -uroot -p123456
13.端口測(cè)試:
#lsof -i:3306
#lsof -i:3307
OK,大功告成!