本文講利用MySQL源碼安裝MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多實例。
1、下載MySQL源碼安裝版本
到MySQL官網(wǎng)查找到相應(yīng)版本下載，本文下載的是5.1版本
wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
2、解壓安裝
tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8
--with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler
--with-readline --with-big-tables
--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5
make && make install
3、添加用戶和用戶組
groupadd mysql #添加mysql用戶組
useradd -g mysql mysql #創(chuàng)建mysql用戶并把它放到mysql組下
chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件屬性
4、初始化數(shù)據(jù)目錄
#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目錄
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
#初始化四個數(shù)據(jù)目錄
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql
mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql
#修改屬性
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3
chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4
5、配置多實例啟動腳本
從MySQL的源碼中把復(fù)制到/etc/init.d/目錄下
cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server
#修改basedir和bindir為安裝路徑
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
6、配置多實例數(shù)據(jù)庫配置文件
用mysqld_multi工具查看該配置文件的模板方法，命令為：mysqld_multi --example
在/etc/目錄下創(chuàng)建創(chuàng)建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example產(chǎn)生的文件粘進去，修改相應(yīng)屬性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
#user = mysql
#password = my_password
[mysqld1]
socket = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid
datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql1
#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user = mysql
[mysqld2]
socket = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock
port = 3307
pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid
datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql2
#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user = mysql
[mysqld3]
socket = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock
port = 3308
pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid
datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql3
#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user = mysql
[mysqld4]
socket = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock
port = 3309
pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid
datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql4
#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
user = mysql
7、啟動多實例數(shù)據(jù)庫
將/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH環(huán)境變量里
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
#查看數(shù)據(jù)庫狀態(tài)
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report
#結(jié)果都為沒有運行
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running
#啟動
mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start
#結(jié)果為
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running
#啟動具體某一個實例可在start、stop后面加上具體數(shù)據(jù)1,2,3等
8、查看運行結(jié)果
#查看相應(yīng)端口是否已經(jīng)被監(jiān)聽
netstat -tunlp
#查看是否有活動進程
ps -aux|grep mysql
9、登錄相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫
#進入端口為3306的數(shù)據(jù)庫
mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
#通過sock文件登錄
mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock
#查看socket文件
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';
#查看pid文件
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';
