MySQL為開源數(shù)據(jù)庫，因此可以基于源碼實(shí)現(xiàn)安裝。基于源碼安裝有更多的靈活性。也就是說我們可以針對自己的硬件平臺(tái)選用合適的編譯器來優(yōu)化編譯后的二進(jìn)制代碼，根據(jù)不同的軟件平臺(tái)環(huán)境調(diào)整相關(guān)的編譯參數(shù)，選擇自身需要選擇不同的安裝組件，設(shè)定需要的字符集等等一些可以根據(jù)特定應(yīng)用場景所作的各種調(diào)整。本文描述了如何在源碼方式下安裝MySQL。
Source Installation System Requirements
Installation of MySQL from source requires several development tools. Some of these tools are needed no matter whether you use a standard source distribution or a development source tree. Other tool requirements depend on which installation method you use.
To install MySQL from source, your system must have the following tools, regardless of installation method:
CMake, which is used as the build framework on all platforms. CMake can be downloaded from
http://www.cmake.org.
A good make program. Although some platforms come with their own make implementations, it is highly recommended that you use GNU make 3.75 or newer. It may already be available on your system as gmake. GNU make is available from
http://www.gnu.org/software/make/.
A working ANSI C++ compiler. GCC 4.2.1 or later, Sun Studio 12 or later, Visual Studio 2010 or later, and many current vendor-supplied compilers are known to work.
Perl is needed if you intend to run test scripts. Most Unix-like systems include Perl. On Windows, you can use a version such as ActiveState Perl.
#使用源碼安裝上面的一些開發(fā)工具是需要的，比較重要的一個(gè)是Cmake工具，通常情況下os并沒有安裝，需要手動(dòng)安裝。
#如果沒有cmake會(huì)收到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤提示：(-bash: cmake: command not found)
SZDB:~ # groupadd mysql
SZDB:~ # useradd -r -g mysql mysql
SZDB:~ # cd /usr/local/src/mysql_src
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src # tar -xvf mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src # ls
mysql-5.6.17 mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src # cd mysql-5.6.17/
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17 # cmake .
..........
-- Check size of wint_t - done
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:85 (MESSAGE): Author : Leshami
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package, Blog :
http://blog.csdn.net/leshami remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev,
on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:128 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:202 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_EDITLINE)
CMakeLists.txt:411 (MYSQL_CHECK_EDITLINE)
#如果cmake期間碰到上述錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該安裝ncurses-devel rpm包，然后移除CMakeCache.txt
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
#如有沒有對應(yīng)的os安裝光盤，可以從下面的鏈接下載這個(gè)rpm包，注意對應(yīng)的版本號應(yīng)一致
http://www.filewatcher.com/m/ncurses-devel-5.5-18.11.x86_64.rpm.735840-0.htmlSZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src # rpm -Uvh ncurses-devel-5.5-18.11.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:ncurses-devel ########################################### [100%]
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17 # rm -rf CMakeCache.txt
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17 # cmake . #再次執(zhí)行cmake
........
-- Library mysqlserver depends on OSLIBS -lpthread;m;rt;crypt;dl;aio
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17 # make
Linking CXX executable mysqltest_embedded
[100%] Built target mysqltest_embedded
Scanning dependencies of target my_safe_process
[100%] Building CXX object mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/CMakeFiles/my_safe_process.dir/safe_process.cc.o
Linking CXX executable my_safe_process
[100%] Built target my_safe_process
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17 # make install
SZDB:/usr/local/src/mysql_src/mysql-5.6.17 # cd /usr/local/mysql
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # chown -R mysql .
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # chgrp -R mysql .
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
..........
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h SZDB password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
New default config file was created as ./my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings
..........
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # chown -R root .
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # chown -R mysql data
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server #配置自啟動(dòng)
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf #添加缺省的my.cnf配置文件
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & #啟動(dòng)mysql
[1] 21004
SZDB:/usr/local/mysql # 140521 02:54:54 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/SZDB.err'.
140521 02:54:54 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
#配置環(huán)境變量，通過軟鏈或者修改環(huán)境變量實(shí)現(xiàn)(PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/;export PATH)
SZDB:~ # ln -fs /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin
SZDB:~ # ln -fs /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/local/bin
SZDB:~ # ln -fs /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/local/bin
#登陸到mysql
SZDB:/usr/local/bin # mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.17 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
