一：threading VS Thread
眾所周知，python是支持多線程的，而且是native的線程，其中threading是對Thread模塊做了包裝，可以更加方面的被使用，threading模塊里面主要對一些線程操作對象化了，創建了Thread的類。
使用線程有兩種模式，一種是創建線程要執行的函數，把這個函數傳遞進Thread對象里，讓它來執行，一種是直接從Thread繼承，創建一個新的class，把線程執行的代碼放到這個新的類里面，用例如下：
①使用Thread來實現多線程
#!/usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-import stringimport threading import timedef threadMain(a): global count,mutex #獲得線程名 threadname = threading.currentThread().getName() for x in xrange(0,int(a)): #獲得鎖 mutex.acquire() count += 1 #釋放鎖 mutex.release() print threadname,x,count time.sleep()def main(num): global count,mutex threads = [] count = 1 #創建一個鎖 mutex = threading.Lock() #先創建線程對象 for x in xrange(0,num): threads.append(threading.Thread(target = threadMain,args=(10,))) for t in threads: t.start() for t in threads: t.join()if __name__ == "__main__": num = 4 main(num);
②使用threading來實現多線程
#!/usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-import threadingimport timeclass Test(threading.Thread): def __init__(self,num): threading.Thread.__init__(self): self._run_num = num def run(self): global count,mutex threadName = threading.currentThread.getName() for x in xrange(0,int(self._run_num)): mutex.acquire() count += 1 mutex.release() print threadName,x,count time.sleep(1)if __name__ == "__main__": global count,mutex threads = [] num = 4 count = 1 mutex.threading.Lock() for x in xrange(o,num): threads.append(Test(10)) #啟動線程 for t in threads: t.start() #等待子線程結束 for t in threads: t.join()
二：optparser VS getopt
①使用getopt模塊處理Unix模式的命令行選項
getopt模塊用于抽出命令行選項和參數，也就是sys.argv，命令行選項使得程序的參數更加靈活，支持短選項模式和長選項模式
例：python scriptname.py –f “hello” –directory-prefix=”/home” –t --format ‘a'‘b'
getopt函數的格式：getopt.getopt([命令行參數列表]，‘短選項',[長選項列表])
其中短選項名后面的帶冒號(:)表示該選項必須有附加的參數
長選項名后面有等號(=)表示該選項必須有附加的參數
返回options以及args
options是一個參數選項及其value的元組((‘-f','hello'),(‘-t',''),(‘—format',''),(‘—directory-prefix','/home'))
args是除去有用參數外其他的命令行 輸入(‘a',‘b')
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import sysimport getoptdef Usage(): print "Usage: %s [-a|-0|-c] [--help|--output] args..."%sys.argv[0]if __name__ == "__main__": try: options,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"ao:c",['help',"putput="]): print options print "/n" print args for option,arg in options: if option in ("-h","--help"): Usage() sys.exit(1) elif option in ('-t','--test'): print "for test option" else: print option,arg except getopt.GetoptError: print "Getopt Error" Usage() sys.exit(1) ②optparser模塊
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import optparserdef main(): usage = "Usage: %prog [option] arg1,arg2..." parser = OptionParser(usage=usage) parser.add_option("-v","--verbose",action="store_true",dest="verbose",default=True,help="make lots of noise [default]") parser.add_option("-q","--quiet",action="store_false",dest="verbose",help="be vewwy quiet (I'm hunting wabbits)") parser.add_option("-f","--filename",metavar="FILE",help="write output to FILE") parser.add_option("-m","--mode",default="intermediate",help="interaction mode: novice, intermediate,or expert [default: %default]") (options,args) = parser.parse_args() if len(args) != 1: parser.error("incorrect number of arguments") if options.verbose: print "reading %s..." %options.filename if __name__ == "__main__": main() 以上就是threading VS Thread、optparser VS getopt 的相互比較，希望對大家學習模塊有所幫助。
