詳解 Python中LEGB和閉包及裝飾器
LEGB L>E>G?B
python 閉包
1.Closure:內部函數中對enclosing作用域變量的引用
2.函數實質與屬性
passline = 60def func(val): if val >= passline: print ('pass') else: print ('failed') def in_func(): print (val) in_func() return in_funcf = func(89)f()print (f.__closure__)一般情況
def f_100(val): passline = 60 if val >= passline: print ('pass') else: print ('failed')def f_150(val): passline = 90 if val >= passline: print ('pass') else: print ('failed')f_100(89)f_150(89)閉包
def set_passline(passline): def cmp(val): if val >= passline: print ('Pass') else: print ('failed') return cmpf_100 = set_passline(60)f_150 = set_passline(90)f_100(89)f_150(89)Closure:內部函數中對enclosing作用域變量的引用,它會將enclosing作用域變量傳遞到內部函數的closure中
閉包的作用:
python閉包二
求和
def my_sum(*arg): if len(arg) == 0: return 0 for val in arg: if not isinstance(val,int): # 有一個非int則返回0 return 0 return sum(arg)def my_average(*arg): if len(arg) == 0: return 0 for val in arg: if not isinstance(val,int): # 有一個非int則返回0 return 0 return sum(arg)/len(arg)print (my_sum(1,2,3,4,5))print (my_sum(1,2,3,4,5,'6'))print (my_aveage(1,2,3,4,5))print(my_average())
閉包的使用
def my_sum(*arg): return sum(arg)def my_average(*arg): return sum(arg)/len(arg)def dec(func): def in_dec(*arg): # my_sum print ('in dec arg= ',arg) if len(arg) ==0: return 0 for val in arg: if not isinstance(val, int): return 0 return func(*arg) # 閉包,存在于in_dec函數中的__closure__中,所以可以調用 return in_decmy_sum = dec(my_sum) # 傳參print(my_sum (1,2,3,4,5))print(my_sum (1,2,3,4,5,'6'))# my_sum就是in_dec函數,會先執行參數類型判斷,然后執行__closure__中的函數my_sumpython 裝飾器
使用裝飾器的方式
def dec(func): def in_dec(*arg): # my_sum print ('in dec arg= ',arg) if len(arg) ==0: return 0 for val in arg: if not isinstance(val, int): return 0 return func(*arg) # 閉包,存在于in_dec函數中的__closure__中,所以可以調用 return in_dec # 如果沒有返回值,則my_sum調用裝飾器后為None# my_sum = dec(my_sum) # 不手動傳參@dec # 裝飾器將my_sum作為參數傳入dec,并返回一個新的函數賦值給my_sumdef my_sum(*arg): return sum(arg)def my_average(*arg): return sum(arg)/len(arg)print(my_sum (1,2,3,4,5))print(my_sum (1,2,3,4,5,'6'))另一個例子
def deco(func): def in_deco(x,y): print ('in deco') func(x,y) print ('call deco') return in_deco@decodef bar(x, y): print ('in bar',x+y)bar(1,2)以上就是Python中LEGB和閉包及裝飾器的介紹,如有疑問請留言或者到本站社區交流討論,本站關于Python 的文章還有很多,還希望大家搜索查閱,感謝閱讀,希望能幫助到大家,謝謝大家對本站的支持!
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