create database PyLearningDBdrop table table0create table table0(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table1create table table1(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table2create table table2(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table3create table table3(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table4create table table4(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table5create table table5(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table6create table table6(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table7create table table7(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table8create table table8(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)drop table table9create table table9(dim0 int not null,dim1 int not null,dim2 int not null,dim3 int not null,dim4 int not null,dim5 int not null,dim6 int not null,dim7 int not null,dim8 int not null)

''' LearningDB類 功能：定義數(shù)據(jù)庫類，包含一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)函數(shù)learn_data和一個(gè)識(shí)別函數(shù)identify_data 作者：PyLearn 博客: http://www.cnblogs.com/PyLearn/ 最后修改日期: 2017/10/18'''import mathimport pymssqlclass LearningDB(): def __init__(self): self.conn = pymssql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',     user='sa',     password='123',     database='PyLearningDB',     charset='utf8') self.cursor = self.conn.cursor() self.sql = '' self.distance = 0.0 self.conn.close() def learn_data(self, table, dim): '''  學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)據(jù)，將數(shù)據(jù)存到對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫  table指定哪個(gè)表，dim是維度數(shù)組 ''' learn_result = False try:  if table < 0 or table > 9:  raise Exception("錯(cuò)誤！table的值為%d！" % table)  for num in dim:  if num < 0:   raise Exception("錯(cuò)誤！dim的值不能小于0！")  self.conn = pymssql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',     user='sa',     password='123',     database='PyLearningDB',     charset='utf8')  self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()  self.sql = 'insert into table%d values(%d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d, %d)' %(  table, dim[0], dim[1], dim[2], dim[3], dim[4], dim[5], dim[6], dim[7], dim[8])  self.cursor.execute(self.sql)  self.conn.commit()  learn_result = True except Exception as ex_learn:  self.conn.rollback()  raise ex_learn finally:  self.conn.close() return learn_result def identify_data(self, test_data): '''  識(shí)別數(shù)據(jù)，將數(shù)據(jù)一一對(duì)比，返回最接近的近似值 ''' try:  table_data = []  for i in range(10):  table_data.append(self.__get_data(i, test_data))  #返回table_data中最小值的索引  return table_data.index(min(table_data)) except Exception as ex_identify:  raise ex_identify def __get_data(self, table, test_data): '''  取出table表中所有數(shù)據(jù)  并與測試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較，返回最小值  如果table表中無數(shù)據(jù)，則全部取0 ''' try:  if table < 0 or table > 9:  raise Exception("錯(cuò)誤！table的值不能為%d！" % table)  self.conn = pymssql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',     user='sa',     password='123',     database='PyLearningDB',     charset='utf8')  self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()  self.sql = 'select * from table%d' % table  self.cursor.execute(self.sql)  receive_sql = self.cursor.fetchall()  if not receive_sql:  new_receive_sql = [(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)]  else:  new_receive_sql = receive_sql finally:  self.conn.close() #計(jì)算最小值 dim_data = [] for receive_data in new_receive_sql:  dim_data.append(self.__distance_data(test_data, receive_data)) #返回dimData中最小值 return min(dim_data) def __distance_data(self, test_data, table_data): '''  求九維空間中兩點(diǎn)之間的距離 ''' self.distance = 0.0 for i in range(9):  self.distance += (test_data[i] - table_data[i]) ** 2 return math.sqrt(self.distance)

''' LearningUI類 功能：生成UI界面，以及定義事件處理方法 作者：PyLearn 博客: http://www.cnblogs.com/PyLearn/ 最后修改日期: 2017/10/18'''from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QPushButton, QLabel, QComboBox, QDesktopWidget)from PyQt5.QtGui import (QPainter, QPen, QFont)from PyQt5.QtCore import Qtclass LearningUI(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(LearningUI, self).__init__() self.__init_ui() #設(shè)置只有鼠標(biāo)按下時(shí)才跟蹤移動(dòng)，否則不按的時(shí)候也在畫畫 self.setMouseTracking(False) #self.pos_xy保存所有繪畫的點(diǎn) self.pos_xy = [] #設(shè)置pos_x、pos_y方便計(jì)算 self.pos_x = [] self.pos_y = [] #設(shè)置關(guān)聯(lián)事件 self.btn_learn.clicked.connect(self.btn_learn_on_clicked) self.btn_recognize.clicked.connect(self.btn_recognize_on_clicked) self.btn_clear.clicked.connect(self.btn_clear_on_clicked) def __init_ui(self): '''  定義UI界面：  三個(gè)按鈕：學(xué)習(xí)、識(shí)別、清屏  btn_learn、btn_recognize、btn_clear  一個(gè)組合框：選擇0-9  combo_table  兩條標(biāo)簽：請(qǐng)?jiān)谄聊豢瞻滋幱檬髽?biāo)輸入0-9中的某一個(gè)數(shù)字進(jìn)行識(shí)別！   2017/10/10 by PyLearn  一條輸出識(shí)別結(jié)果的標(biāo)簽  label_output ''' #添加三個(gè)按鈕，分別是學(xué)習(xí)、識(shí)別、清屏 self.btn_learn = QPushButton("學(xué)習(xí)", self) self.btn_learn.setGeometry(50, 400, 70, 40) self.btn_recognize = QPushButton("識(shí)別", self) self.btn_recognize.setGeometry(320, 400, 70, 40) self.btn_clear = QPushButton("清屏", self) self.btn_clear.setGeometry(420, 400, 70, 40) #添加一個(gè)組合框，選擇0-9 self.combo_table = QComboBox(self) for i in range(10):  self.combo_table.addItem("%d" % i) self.combo_table.setGeometry(150, 400, 70, 40) #添加兩條標(biāo)簽 self.label_head = QLabel('請(qǐng)?jiān)谄聊豢瞻滋幱檬髽?biāo)輸入0-9中的某一個(gè)數(shù)字進(jìn)行識(shí)別！', self) self.label_head.move(75, 50) self.label_end = QLabel('2017/10/10 by PyLearn', self) self.label_end.move(375, 470) #添加一條輸出識(shí)別結(jié)果的標(biāo)簽 ''' setStyleSheet設(shè)置邊框大小、顏色 setFont設(shè)置字體大小、形狀、加粗 setAlignment設(shè)置文本居中 ''' self.label_output = QLabel('', self) self.label_output.setGeometry(50, 100, 150, 250) self.label_output.setStyleSheet("QLabel{border:1px solid black;}") self.label_output.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 100, QFont.Bold)) self.label_output.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter) ''' setFixedSize()固定了窗體的寬度與高度 self.center()將窗體居中顯示 setWindowTitle()設(shè)置窗體的標(biāo)題 ''' self.setFixedSize(550, 500) self.center() self.setWindowTitle('0-9手寫體識(shí)別(機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中的"HelloWorld!")') def center(self): '''  窗口居中顯示 ''' qt_center = self.frameGeometry() desktop_center = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center() qt_center.moveCenter(desktop_center) self.move(qt_center.topLeft()) def paintEvent(self, event): '''  首先判斷pos_xy列表中是不是至少有兩個(gè)點(diǎn)了  然后將pos_xy中第一個(gè)點(diǎn)賦值給point_start  利用中間變量pos_tmp遍歷整個(gè)pos_xy列表  point_end = pos_tmp  判斷point_end是否是斷點(diǎn)，如果是   point_start賦值為斷點(diǎn)   continue  判斷point_start是否是斷點(diǎn)，如果是   point_start賦值為point_end   continue  畫point_start到point_end之間的線  point_start = point_end  這樣，不斷地將相鄰兩個(gè)點(diǎn)之間畫線，就能留下鼠標(biāo)移動(dòng)軌跡了 ''' painter = QPainter() painter.begin(self) pen = QPen(Qt.black, 2, Qt.SolidLine) painter.setPen(pen) if len(self.pos_xy) > 1:  point_start = self.pos_xy[0]  for pos_tmp in self.pos_xy:  point_end = pos_tmp  if point_end == (-1, -1):   point_start = point_end   continue  if point_start == (-1, -1):   point_start = point_end   continue  painter.drawLine(point_start[0], point_start[1], point_end[0], point_end[1])  point_start = point_end painter.end() def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event): '''  重寫鼠標(biāo)按住后松開的事件  在每次松開后向pos_xy列表中添加一個(gè)斷點(diǎn)(-1, -1)  然后在繪畫時(shí)判斷一下是不是斷點(diǎn)就行了  是斷點(diǎn)的話就跳過去，不與之前的連續(xù) ''' pos_test = (-1, -1) self.pos_xy.append(pos_test) self.update() def mouseMoveEvent(self, event): '''  按住鼠標(biāo)移動(dòng)：將移動(dòng)的點(diǎn)加入self.pos_xy列表 ''' #self.pos_x和self.pos_y總是比self.pos_xy少一到兩個(gè)點(diǎn)，還不知道原因在哪 self.pos_x.append(event.pos().x()) self.pos_y.append(event.pos().y()) #中間變量pos_tmp提取當(dāng)前點(diǎn) pos_tmp = (event.pos().x(), event.pos().y()) #pos_tmp添加到self.pos_xy中 self.pos_xy.append(pos_tmp) self.update() def btn_learn_on_clicked(self): '''  需要用到數(shù)據(jù)庫，因此在在子類中實(shí)現(xiàn) ''' pass def btn_recognize_on_clicked(self): '''  需要用到數(shù)據(jù)庫，因此在在子類中實(shí)現(xiàn) ''' pass def btn_clear_on_clicked(self): '''  按下清屏按鈕：  將列表賦值為空  將輸出識(shí)別結(jié)果的標(biāo)簽賦值為空  然后刷新界面，重新繪畫即可清屏 ''' self.pos_xy = [] self.pos_x = [] self.pos_y = [] self.label_output.setText('') self.update() def get_pos_xy(self): '''  將手寫體在平面上分為9個(gè)格子  計(jì)算每個(gè)格子里點(diǎn)的數(shù)量  然后點(diǎn)的數(shù)量轉(zhuǎn)化為占總點(diǎn)數(shù)的百分比  接著返回一個(gè)數(shù)組dim[9]  橫軸依次是min_x、min2_x、max2_x、max_x  縱軸依次是min_y、min2_y、max2_y、max_y ''' if not self.pos_xy:  return None pos_count = len(self.pos_x) max_x = max(self.pos_x) max_y = max(self.pos_y) min_x = min(self.pos_x) min_y = min(self.pos_y) dim = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] dis_x = (max_x - min_x) // 3 dis_y = (max_y - min_y) // 3 min2_x = min_x + dis_x min2_y = min_y + dis_y max2_x = max_x - dis_x max2_y = max_y - dis_y for i in range(len(self.pos_x)):  if self.pos_y[i] >= min_y and self.pos_y[i] < min2_y:  if self.pos_x[i] >= min_x and self.pos_x[i] < min2_x:   dim[0] += 1   continue  if self.pos_x[i] >= min2_x and self.pos_x[i] < max2_x:   dim[1] += 1   continue  if self.pos_x[i] >= max2_x and self.pos_x[i] <= max_x:   dim[2] += 1   continue  elif self.pos_y[i] >= min2_y and self.pos_y[i] < max2_y:  if self.pos_x[i] >= min_x and self.pos_x[i] < min2_x:   dim[3] += 1   continue  if self.pos_x[i] >= min2_x and self.pos_x[i] < max2_x:   dim[4] += 1   continue  if self.pos_x[i] >= max2_x and self.pos_x[i] <= max_x:   dim[5] += 1   continue  elif self.pos_y[i] >= max2_y and self.pos_y[i] <= max_y:  if self.pos_x[i] >= min_x and self.pos_x[i] < min2_x:   dim[6] += 1   continue  if self.pos_x[i] >= min2_x and self.pos_x[i] < max2_x:   dim[7] += 1   continue  if self.pos_x[i] >= max2_x and self.pos_x[i] <= max_x:   dim[8] += 1   continue  else:  pos_count -= 1  continue #將數(shù)量轉(zhuǎn)化為所占百分比 for num in dim:  num = num * 100 // pos_count return dim

''' Learning類 功能：重寫LearningUI類中的兩個(gè)用到了數(shù)據(jù)庫的方法：  類中添加一個(gè)LearningDB類對(duì)象的數(shù)據(jù)成員self.learn_db 作者：PyLearn 博客: http://www.cnblogs.com/PyLearn/ 最后修改日期: 2017/10/18'''from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBoxfrom LearningUI import LearningUIfrom LearningDB import LearningDBclass Learning(LearningUI): ''' Learning實(shí)現(xiàn)btn_learn_on_clicked和btn_recognize_on_clicked兩個(gè)方法 ''' def __init__(self): super(Learning, self).__init__() #學(xué)習(xí)函數(shù)learn_data(table, dim)和一個(gè)識(shí)別函數(shù)identify_data(test_data) self.learn_db = LearningDB() def btn_learn_on_clicked(self): if not self.pos_xy:  QMessageBox.critical(self, "注意", "請(qǐng)先寫入您要學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)字！")  return None #獲取要學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)字learn_num learn_num = self.combo_table.currentIndex() #彈出確認(rèn)對(duì)話框 qbox = QMessageBox() qbox.setIcon(QMessageBox.Information) qbox.setWindowTitle("請(qǐng)確認(rèn)") qbox.setText("學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)字 %d ？" % learn_num) qbox.setStandardButtons(QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No) qbox.setDefaultButton(QMessageBox.No) qbox.button(QMessageBox.Yes).setText("是") qbox.button(QMessageBox.No).setText("否") reply = qbox.exec() #判斷對(duì)話框結(jié)果，執(zhí)行程序 if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:  learn_result = False  learn_dim = self.get_pos_xy()  if learn_dim:  learn_result = self.learn_db.learn_data(learn_num, learn_dim)  else:  print('get_pos_xy()函數(shù)返回空值')  return None  if learn_result:  QMessageBox.about(self, "提示", "學(xué)習(xí)成功！")  else:  QMessageBox.about(self, "提示", "學(xué)習(xí)失敗！") else:  return None def btn_recognize_on_clicked(self): #如果沒有進(jìn)行繪畫，警告后退出 if not self.pos_xy:  QMessageBox.critical(self, "注意", "請(qǐng)先寫入您要識(shí)別的數(shù)字！")  return None else:  recognize_num = 0  recognize_dim = self.get_pos_xy()  if recognize_dim:  recognize_num = self.learn_db.identify_data(recognize_dim)  else:  print('recognize_dim為空')  return None  self.label_output.setText('%d' % recognize_num)

''' 主函數(shù)main 功能：生成Learning對(duì)象，進(jìn)入主循環(huán) 作者：PyLearn 最后修改日期: 2017/10/18'''import sysfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplicationfrom Learning import Learningif __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) py_learning = Learning() py_learning.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())