詳解Python發送email的三種方式

2020-01-04 14:18:52

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Python發送email的三種方式，分別為使用登錄郵件服務器、使用smtp服務、調用sendmail命令來發送三種方法

Python發送email比較簡單，可以通過登錄郵件服務來發送，linux下也可以使用調用sendmail命令來發送，還可以使用本地或者是遠程的smtp服務來發送郵件，不管是單個，群發，還是抄送都比較容易實現。本米撲博客先介紹幾個最簡單的發送郵件方式記錄下，像html郵件，附件等也是支持的，需要時查文檔即可。

一、登錄郵件服務器

通過smtp登錄第三方smtp郵箱發送郵件，支持 25 和 465端口

vim python_email_1.py

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-## author: mimvp.com# 2015.10.05  import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText   smtpHost = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com' sender = 'robot@mimvp.com' password = "mimvp-password" receiver = 'yanggang@mimvp.com'  content = 'hello mimvp.com' msg = MIMEText(content)   msg['Subject'] = 'email-subject' msg['From'] = sender msg['To'] = receiver   ## smtp port 25smtpServer = smtplib.SMTP(smtpHost, 25)     # SMTPsmtpServer.login(sender, password) smtpServer.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) smtpServer.quit() print 'send success by port 25'  ## smtp ssl port 465smtpServer = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtpHost, 465)  # SMTP_SSLsmtpServer.login(sender, password) smtpServer.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) smtpServer.quit() print 'send success by port 465'

執行命令：

$ python python_email_1.py send success by port 25send success by port 465

發送結果，會收到兩封郵件，截圖其中一份郵件如下圖：

Python,email

二、使用smtp服務

測試失敗，略過或留言指正

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-## author: mimvp.com# 2015.10.05  import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText import subprocess  smtpHost = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com' sender = 'robot@mimvp.com' password = "mimvp-password" receiver = 'yanggang@mimvp.com'  content = 'hello mimvp.com' msg = MIMEText(content)       if __name__ == "__main__":    p = subprocess.Popen(['/usr/sbin/sendmail', '-t'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)   print(str(p.communicate()))  p_res = str(p.communicate()[0])  msg = MIMEText(p_res)   msg["From"] = sender   msg["To"] = receiver   msg["Subject"] = "hello mimvp.com"   s = smtplib.SMTP(smtpHost)   s.login(sender, password)  s.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())   s.quit()   print 'send success'

三、調用sendmail命令

調用本機linux自身sendmail服務發送郵件，不需要啟動sendmail后臺進程，不需要發送者登錄，郵件發送者可以是任意名字，沒有限制。

特別注意：sendmail 命令發送郵件，默認用25端口號，由于阿里云、騰訊云等封禁了25端口號，因此本示例需在開通25端口機器上測試

vim python_email_3.py

#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-## author: mimvp.com# 2015.10.05  from email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom subprocess import Popen, PIPEimport commands import sys reload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') def send_mail(sender, recevier, subject, html_content):    msg = MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8')    msg["From"] = sender    msg["To"] = recevier    msg["Subject"] = subject    p = Popen(["/usr/sbin/sendmail", "-t"], stdin=PIPE)    p.communicate(msg.as_string())  sender = 'robot@mimvp.com'recevier = 'yanggang@mimvp.com'subject = 'sendmail-subject'html_content = 'hello mimvp.com'send_mail(sender, recevier, subject, html_content)

執行命令：