//激活虛擬環(huán)境安裝以下(venv)$ pip install djangorestframework(venv)$ pip install django-filter (venv)$ pip install pytest(venv)$ pip install pytest-django //由于筆者使用Postgresql數(shù)據(jù)庫，所以還需要安裝以下(venv)$ pip install psycopg2//使用mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝如下(venv)$ pip install pymysql

// 安裝的app如下INSTALLED_APPS = [ #... 'rest_framework', 'django_filters', 'api.apps.ApiConfig', 'front.apps.FrontConfig',]//restframework 配置如下REST_FRAMEWORK = {//這里配置了分頁處理，每頁最多20個項(xiàng)目'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS':'api.custompagination.LimitOffsetPaginationWithUpperBound', 'PAGE_SIZE': 20, 'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': ( //這里配置了排序、過濾、搜索器 'django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend', 'rest_framework.filters.OrderingFilter', 'rest_framework.filters.SearchFilter', ), //這里配置了用戶認(rèn)證，管理員才可以更改內(nèi)容，未登錄不能更改 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES':( 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication', 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication', ), //這里配置了訪問次數(shù)限制，過多會返回429錯誤 too many requests 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': ( 'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle', 'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle', ), //這里配置了訪問次數(shù)，anon代表匿名用戶，user代表已登錄用戶，entries是我自己設(shè)置的作用域，300/hour代表最多300次每小時 'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': { 'anon': '300/hour', 'user': '100/hour', 'entries': '200/hour', }, 'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS':'rest_framework.versioning.NamespaceVersioning',}

from django.db import modelsclass Entry(models.Model): city = models.CharField(max_length=50) school = models.CharField(max_length=100) link = models.CharField(max_length=100,null=True,default='null') name = models.CharField(max_length=200) lat = models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,default='0.0') lng = models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,default='0.0') address = models.CharField(max_length=200,null=True,default='null') distance = models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,default='0') time = models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,default='0:00') contact = models.CharField(max_length=200,null=True,default='null') score = models.CharField(max_length=10,null=True,default='0') comments = models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,default='0') sell = models.CharField(max_length=20,null=True,default='0') image = models.CharField(max_length=200,null=True,default='null') owner = models.ForeignKey('auth.User',related_name='entries',on_delete=models.CASCADE) # class Meta: # ordering = ('name',) def __str__(self): return self.name

from rest_framework import serializersfrom api.models import Entry//這里繼承自超鏈接模型序列器，用于把數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為json格式，并且顯示鏈接class EntrySerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer): owner = serializers.ReadOnlyField(source='owner.username') class Meta: model = Entry fields = ('url','pk','name','city','school','link','lat','lng','address','distance','time','contact', 'score','comments','sell','image','owner')

from rest_framework import genericsfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.reverse import reversefrom api.models import Entryfrom api.serializers import EntrySerializerfrom rest_framework import permissionsfrom rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticatedfrom rest_framework.throttling import ScopedRateThrottlefrom api import custompermission//這里是獲取所有數(shù)據(jù)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)HTTP get、Post、Option操作class EntryList(generics.ListCreateAPIView): //限流自定義作用域 throttle_scope = 'entries' throttle_classes = (ScopedRateThrottle,) queryset = Entry.objects.all() serializer_class = EntrySerializer name = 'entry-list' filter_fields = ('city','school','name') search_fields = ('school','city') ordering_fields = ('city') //管理員才能post操作創(chuàng)建新的數(shù)據(jù) permission_classes = ( permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, custompermission.IsCurrentUserOwnerOrReadOnly, ) def perform_create(self, serializer): serializer.save(owner=self.request.user)//這里是獲取具體某一項(xiàng)的數(shù)據(jù)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)HTTP GET、PUT、PATCH、Option操作class EntryDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): throttle_scope = 'entries' throttle_classes = (ScopedRateThrottle,) queryset = Entry.objects.all() serializer_class = EntrySerializer name = 'entry-detail' permission_classes = ( permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, custompermission.IsCurrentUserOwnerOrReadOnly, )//api根目錄class ApiRoot(generics.GenericAPIView): name = 'api-root' def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return Response({ 'entries': reverse(EntryList.name, request=request), })

from django.urls import pathfrom api import viewsurlpatterns = [ path('entries/', views.EntryList.as_view(), name=views.EntryList.name), path('entry-detail/<int:pk>', views.EntryDetail.as_view(), name=views.EntryDetail.name), path('', views.ApiRoot.as_view(), name=views.ApiRoot.name)]

from django.urls import path,includeurlpatterns = [ path('v1/',include('api.urls')), path('v1/api-auth/',include('rest_framework.urls')), path('',include('front.urls'))] 

(venv)$ python manage.py startapp front

$('#load-more').click(function () { $.ajax({ method:'GET', url:api_url, dataType:'json', success:function (data) { api_url = data['next']; if (api_url == null){ $('#load-more').val('已加載全部'); $('#load-more').attr('disabled',true); //api_url這里就是剛剛寫好的api接口 api_url = 'v1/entries/'; } var results = data['results']; for (i=0;i<results.length;i++){ $('#ele-table-body').append( ' <tr>/n' + ' <th scope="col">'+results[i]['pk']+'</th>/n' + ' <th scope="col">'+results[i]['city']+'</th>/n' + ' <th scope="col"><a href="/detail/' + results[i]['pk'] +'" rel="external nofollow" >' + results[i]['name'] + '</a></th>/n' + ' <th scope="col">'+results[i]['school']+'</th>/n' + ' <th scope="col">'+results[i]['score']+'</th>/n' + ' </tr>' ) } } }) });

 $('#edit-confirm-btn').click(function () { var name = $('#name').val(); var distance = $('#distance').val(); var adderss = $('#address').val(); var time = $('#time').val(); var score = $('#score').val(); var comments = $('#comments').val(); var sell = $('#sell').val(); var pk = $('#pk').val(); $.ajax({ type:'PATCH', url:'/detail/' + pk, data:{ "name": name, "distance": distance, "address": adderss, "time": time, "score": score, "comments": comments, "sell": sell, }, success:function (data) { if (data.status == 'ok'){ console.log('success'); location.reload(); } } }) })