Android的自動化測試有很多框架,其中ui automator是google官方提供的黑盒UI相關(guān)的自動化測試工具,(GitHub主頁:case使用java寫,今天實踐了一下官方文檔中樣例程序,其中還是有一些小問題需要總結(jié)一下的。
環(huán)境準備:
1.JDK(是的,你沒看錯,基礎(chǔ)的android開發(fā)環(huán)境必備),以及對應(yīng)的環(huán)境變量配置,不會的可以自己百度下下
2.Android Studio(IDE尊崇個人意愿)
3.android SDK以及配置
4.ANT(主要用于build我們的腳本,生成jar包)
ant的搭建主要分幾步:
1.下載ant安裝文件并且解壓安裝;
2.新建系統(tǒng)環(huán)境變量ANT_HOME,參數(shù)值是你的ant安裝目錄;
3.在Path環(huán)境變量中添加ant安裝目錄的bin文件夾,比如我的就是C:/cod/apache-ant-1.9.6/bin
4.配置完以后,測試一下,在命令行下輸入ant -version,如果顯示你所安裝的ant版本信息,證明環(huán)境變量配置成功
使用流程
1、使用ADT創(chuàng)建一個java的項目
在創(chuàng)建項目的時候要加上JUnit與你使用的Android platforms中對應(yīng)的android.jar與uiautomator.jar

2、新建一個包(我這里就只叫com)
3、再這個包下創(chuàng)建一個class,輸入以下java代碼,代碼全是官方文檔上的代碼,除了最上面的package
package com;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiObject;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiObjectNotFoundException;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiScrollable;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiSelector;import com.android.uiautomator.testrunner.UiAutomatorTestCase;public class Runer extends UiAutomatorTestCase { public void testDemo() throws UiObjectNotFoundException { // Simulate a short press on the HOME button. getUiDevice().pressHome(); // We're now in the home screen. Next, we want to simulate // a user bringing up the All Apps screen. // If you use the uiautomatorviewer tool to capture a snapshot // of the Home screen, notice that the All Apps button's // content-description property has the value “Apps”. We can // use this property to create a UiSelector to find the button. UiObject allAppsButton = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .description("Apps")); // Simulate a click to bring up the All Apps screen. allAppsButton.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); // In the All Apps screen, the Settings app is located in // the Apps tab. To simulate the user bringing up the Apps tab, // we create a UiSelector to find a tab with the text // label “Apps”. UiObject appsTab = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .text("Apps")); // Simulate a click to enter the Apps tab. appsTab.click(); // Next, in the apps tabs, we can simulate a user swiping until // they come to the Settings app icon. Since the container view // is scrollable, we can use a UiScrollable object. UiScrollable appViews = new UiScrollable(new UiSelector() .scrollable(true)); // Set the swiping mode to horizontal (the default is vertical) appViews.setAsHorizontalList(); // Create a UiSelector to find the Settings app and simulate // a user click to launch the app. UiObject settingsApp = appViews.getChildByText(new UiSelector() .className(android.widget.TextView.class.getName()), "Settings"); settingsApp.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); // Validate that the package name is the expected one UiObject settingsValidation = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .packageName("com.android.settings")); assertTrue("Unable to detect Settings", settingsValidation.exists()); UiObject reportBug = new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("Sound")); reportBug.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); UiObject soundValidation = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .text("Volumes")); assertTrue("Unable to detect Sound", soundValidation.exists()); getUiDevice().pressHome(); } }build.xml:26: Class not found: javac1.8
網(wǎng)上查了查,是插件與我java環(huán)境不符,下載最新的ant插件就可以了http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi

下載這個tar.gz包,解壓,然后將apache-ant-1.9.4/bin目錄添加到環(huán)境變量PATH中
然后cmd到android sdk的tools目錄,使用andrlid list命令,記住你將要在模擬器中運行的(也是你剛剛導(dǎo)入android.jar與uiautomator.jar包時所在的platforms)
在cmd下使用
android create uitest-project -n <name> -t <android-sdk-ID> -p <path>
-n 為生成的jar包名稱,自已任意定義,
-t 為上面查看到的值,我這里是1
-p 為輸出路徑,這里就是剛才創(chuàng)建的java項目所在的路徑
android create uitest-project -n AutoRunner -t 1 -p D:/myAndroidStudy/androidTest
然后再cmd進入D:/myAndroidStudy/androidTest,使用ant build命令生成AutoRunner.jar文件
5、將這個AutoRunner.jar文件push到模擬器中
adb push AutoRunner.jar /data/local/tmp
6、使用