Android快速實現發送郵件實例

2019-12-12 03:02:35

字體：大中小

來源：轉載

供稿：網友

前言

現在一般很少有用Android原生app發送郵件的需求，但是前段時間公司項目需要在Android app 內部發送郵件，于是就在網上收集資料并整理了一個Demo。雖然最后這個需求被減掉了，但是我這里還是把Demo的內容給大家分享一下。

第一步、導入第三方jar包

Android實現發送郵件，首先需要依賴additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar這3個jar包。Google提供了下載地址：https://code.google.com/archive/p/javamail-android/downloads 。下載后添加到依賴（這里我就不詳細說明了）。

第二步、創建相關類

1、創建MailInfo類，來代表一個即將被發送的郵件

package com.shidian.mail;import java.util.Properties;public class MailInfo {  private String mailServerHost;// 發送郵件的服務器的IP  private String mailServerPort;// 發送郵件的服務器的端口  private String fromAddress;// 郵件發送者的地址  private String toAddress;  // 郵件接收者的地址  private String userName;// 登陸郵件發送服務器的用戶名  private String password;// 登陸郵件發送服務器的密碼  private boolean validate = true;// 是否需要身份驗證  private String subject;// 郵件主題  private String content;// 郵件的文本內容  private String[] attachFileNames;// 郵件附件的文件名  /**   * 獲得郵件會話屬性   */  public Properties getProperties() {    Properties p = new Properties();    p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);    p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);    p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");    return p;  }  public String getMailServerHost() {    return mailServerHost;  }  public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {    this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;  }  public String getMailServerPort() {    return mailServerPort;  }  public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {    this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;  }  public boolean isValidate() {    return validate;  }  public void setValidate(boolean validate) {    this.validate = validate;  }  public String[] getAttachFileNames() {    return attachFileNames;  }  public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {    this.attachFileNames = fileNames;  }  public String getFromAddress() {    return fromAddress;  }  public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {    this.fromAddress = fromAddress;  }  public String getPassword() {    return password;  }  public void setPassword(String password) {    this.password = password;  }  public String getToAddress() {    return toAddress;  }  public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {    this.toAddress = toAddress;  }  public String getUserName() {    return userName;  }  public void setUserName(String userName) {    this.userName = userName;  }  public String getSubject() {    return subject;  }  public void setSubject(String subject) {    this.subject = subject;  }  public String getContent() {    return content;  }  public void setContent(String textContent) {    this.content = textContent;  }}

2、創建認證類MyAuthenticator

package com.shidian.mail;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {  String userName = null;  String password = null;  public MyAuthenticator() {  }  public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {    this.userName = username;    this.password = password;  }  protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {    return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);  }}

3、創建郵件發送類MailSender

package com.shidian.mail;import android.util.Log;import java.io.File;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.mail.Address;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.BodyPart;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.Multipart;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;/** * 發送器 */public class MailSender {  /**   * 以文本格式發送郵件   * @param mailInfo 待發送的郵件的信息   */  public boolean sendTextMail(final MailInfo mailInfo) {    // 判斷是否需要身份認證    MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {      // 如果需要身份認證，則創建一個密碼驗證器      authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());    }    // 根據郵件會話屬性和密碼驗證器構造一個發送郵件的session    Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);//    Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {//      @Override//      protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {//        return new PasswordAuthentication(mailInfo.getUserName(),mailInfo.getPassword());//      }//    });    try {      // 根據session創建一個郵件消息      Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);      // 創建郵件發送者地址      Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());      // 設置郵件消息的發送者      mailMessage.setFrom(from);      // 創建郵件的接收者地址，并設置到郵件消息中      Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());      mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);      // 設置郵件消息的主題      mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());      // 設置郵件消息發送的時間      mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());      // 設置郵件消息的主要內容      String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();      mailMessage.setText(mailContent);      // 發送郵件      Transport.send(mailMessage);      return true;    } catch (MessagingException ex) {      ex.printStackTrace();    }    return false;  }  /**   * 以HTML格式發送郵件   * @param mailInfo 待發送的郵件信息   */  public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailInfo mailInfo) {    // 判斷是否需要身份認證    MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();    // 如果需要身份認證，則創建一個密碼驗證器    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {      authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());    }    // 根據郵件會話屬性和密碼驗證器構造一個發送郵件的session    Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);    try {      // 根據session創建一個郵件消息      Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);      // 創建郵件發送者地址      Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());      // 設置郵件消息的發送者      mailMessage.setFrom(from);      // 創建郵件的接收者地址，并設置到郵件消息中      Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());      // Message.RecipientType.TO屬性表示接收者的類型為TO      mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);      // 設置郵件消息的主題      mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());      // 設置郵件消息發送的時間      mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());      // MiniMultipart類是一個容器類，包含MimeBodyPart類型的對象      Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();      // 創建一個包含HTML內容的MimeBodyPart      BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();      // 設置HTML內容      html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");      mainPart.addBodyPart(html);      // 將MiniMultipart對象設置為郵件內容      mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);      // 發送郵件      Transport.send(mailMessage);      return true;    } catch (MessagingException ex) {      ex.printStackTrace();    }    return false;  }  /**   * 發送帶附件的郵件   * @param info   * @return   */  public boolean sendFileMail(MailInfo info, File file){    Message attachmentMail = createAttachmentMail(info,file);    try {      Transport.send(attachmentMail);      return true;    } catch (MessagingException e) {      e.printStackTrace();      return false;    }  }  /**   * 創建帶有附件的郵件   * @return   */  private Message createAttachmentMail(final MailInfo info, File file) {    //創建郵件    MimeMessage message = null;    Properties pro = info.getProperties();    try {      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {        @Override        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {          return new PasswordAuthentication(info.getUserName(),info.getPassword());        }      });      message = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);      // 設置郵件的基本信息      //創建郵件發送者地址      Address from = new InternetAddress(info.getFromAddress());      //設置郵件消息的發送者      message.setFrom(from);      //創建郵件的接受者地址，并設置到郵件消息中      Address to = new InternetAddress(info.getToAddress());      //設置郵件消息的接受者, Message.RecipientType.TO屬性表示接收者的類型為TO      message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);      //郵件標題      message.setSubject(info.getSubject());      // 創建郵件正文，為了避免郵件正文中文亂碼問題，需要使用CharSet=UTF-8指明字符編碼      MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();      text.setContent(info.getContent(), "text/html;charset=UTF-8");      // 創建容器描述數據關系      MimeMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();      mp.addBodyPart(text);        // 創建郵件附件        MimeBodyPart attach = new MimeBodyPart();      FileDataSource ds = new FileDataSource(file);      DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(ds);        attach.setDataHandler(dh);        attach.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(dh.getName()));        mp.addBodyPart(attach);      mp.setSubType("mixed");      message.setContent(mp);      message.saveChanges();    } catch (Exception e) {      Log.e("TAG", "創建帶附件的郵件失敗");      e.printStackTrace();    }    // 返回生成的郵件    return message;  }}

第三步、發送郵件

這里舉例發送文本郵件和帶附件的郵件

package teprinciple.yang.sendmaildemo;import android.os.Environment;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.EditText;import com.shidian.mail.SendMailUtil;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {  private EditText editText;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.toAddEt);  }  public void senTextMail(View view) {    SendMailUtil.send(editText.getText().toString());  }  public void sendFileMail(View view) {    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+File.separator+"test.txt");    OutputStream os = null;    try {      os = new FileOutputStream(file);      String str = "hello world";      byte[] data = str.getBytes();      os.write(data);    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {      e.printStackTrace();    } catch (IOException e) {      e.printStackTrace();    }finally{      try {        if (os != null)os.close();      } catch (IOException e) {      }    }    SendMailUtil.send(file,editText.getText().toString());  }}

下面是發送郵件的SendMailUtil

package com.shidian.mail;import android.support.annotation.NonNull;import java.io.File;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/4/10. */public class SendMailUtil {  //qq  private static final String HOST = "smtp.qq.com";  private static final String PORT = "587";  private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@foxmail.com";  private static final String FROM_PSW = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";//  //163//  private static final String HOST = "smtp.163.com";//  private static final String PORT = "465"; //或者465 994//  private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@163.com";//  private static final String FROM_PSW = "teprinciple163";////  private static final String TO_ADD = "2584770373@qq.com";  public static void send(final File file,String toAdd){    final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);    final MailSender sms = new MailSender();    new Thread(new Runnable() {      @Override      public void run() {        sms.sendFileMail(mailInfo,file);      }    }).start();  }  public static void send(String toAdd){    final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);    final MailSender sms = new MailSender();    new Thread(new Runnable() {      @Override      public void run() {        sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);      }    }).start();  }  @NonNull  private static MailInfo creatMail(String toAdd) {    final MailInfo mailInfo = new MailInfo();    mailInfo.setMailServerHost(HOST);    mailInfo.setMailServerPort(PORT);    mailInfo.setValidate(true);    mailInfo.setUserName(FROM_ADD); // 你的郵箱地址    mailInfo.setPassword(FROM_PSW);// 您的郵箱密碼    mailInfo.setFromAddress(FROM_ADD); // 發送的郵箱    mailInfo.setToAddress(toAdd); // 發到哪個郵件去    mailInfo.setSubject("Hello"); // 郵件主題    mailInfo.setContent("Android 測試"); // 郵件文本    return mailInfo;  }}

特別注意：一定要打開郵箱POP3/IMAP/SMTP服務，不然認證會失敗