springMVC配置環(huán)境實現(xiàn)文件上傳和下載

2019-11-26 14:18:48

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最近的項目中用到了文件的上傳和下載功能，我覺著這個功能比較重要，因此特意把它提取出來自己進行了嘗試。

下面就是springMVC配置環(huán)境實現(xiàn)文件上傳和下載的具體步驟，供大家參考，具體內(nèi)容如下

一、基礎(chǔ)配置：

maven導(dǎo)包及配置pom.xml，導(dǎo)包時除開springmvc的基礎(chǔ)依賴外，需要導(dǎo)入文件上傳下載時用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId>  <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId>  <packaging>war</packaging>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name>  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  <build>  <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName>  <plugins>   <!-- 以下配置可以保證每次強制更新時jre版本不會變化，那我的eclipse4.4.1，maven3.2.5為例，如果不設(shè)置這個，每次強制更新時jre就會變回1.5 -->   <plugin>   <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>   <version>2.3.2</version>   <configuration>    <source>1.7</source>    <target>1.7</target>    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>    <compilerArguments>    <verbose />    <bootclasspath>${java.home}/lib/rt.jar</bootclasspath>    </compilerArguments>   </configuration>   </plugin>  </plugins>  </build>  <dependencies>  <dependency>  <groupId>junit</groupId>  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  <version>3.8.1</version>  <scope>test</scope>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>  <version>2.2.3</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>  <version>2.2.3</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>  <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>  <version>2.2.3</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>  <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>  <version>1.3.1</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>commons-io</groupId>  <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>  <version>2.4</version>  </dependency>  </dependencies> </project>

web.xml基礎(chǔ)配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"  id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  <filter>  <description>字符集過濾器</description>  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  <init-param>   <description>字符集編碼</description>   <param-name>encoding</param-name>   <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  </init-param>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>  <servlet>  <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  <init-param>   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>   <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>  </init-param>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>  <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <welcome-file-list>  <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>  <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

spring基礎(chǔ)配置spring.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  xsi:schemaLocation="  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">    <context:annotation-config />  <mvc:annotation-driven />  <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" />   <!-- 避免IE執(zhí)行AJAX時,返回JSON出現(xiàn)下載文件 -->  <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"  class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">  <property name="supportedMediaTypes">   <list>   <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>   </list>  </property>  </bean>    <!-- 啟動Spring MVC的注解功能，完成請求和注解POJO的映射 -->  <bean  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">  <property name="messageConverters">   <list>   <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json轉(zhuǎn)換器 -->   </list>  </property>  </bean>   <!-- 支持上傳文件 -->  <bean id="multipartResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" >  <!-- 100M -->  <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property>  <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>  </bean> </beans>

二、文件上傳的代碼

上傳的簡單頁面index.html,要注意form表單提交時的entype的設(shè)置：

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head> <body>  <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">    選擇文件：<input type="file" name="file"/>    <input type="submit" value="提交"/>  </form> </body> </html>

上傳對應(yīng)的后臺java代碼，具體問題見注釋：

package controllers;   import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Iterator; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;   @Controller public class fileController {    /**  * 文件上傳  *  * @author：tuzongxun  * @Title: upLoadFile  * @param @param file  * @param @param request  * @param @throws IllegalStateException  * @param @throws IOException  * @return void  * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM  * @throws  */  @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)  public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request)   throws IllegalStateException, IOException {  // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,  CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver(   request.getSession().getServletContext());  // 判斷 request 是否有文件上傳,即多部分請求  if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {   // 轉(zhuǎn)換成多部分request   MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;   // 取得request中的所有文件名   Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames();   while (iter.hasNext()) {   // 取得上傳文件   MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next());   if (f != null) {    // 取得當(dāng)前上傳文件的文件名稱    String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename();    // 如果名稱不為“”,說明該文件存在，否則說明該文件不存在    if (myFileName.trim() != "") {    // 定義上傳路徑    String path = "C://Users//tuzongxun123//Desktop//"     + myFileName;    File localFile = new File(path);    f.transferTo(localFile);    }   }   }  }  } }

當(dāng)選擇文件提交后，便會看到選中的文件被傳到了代碼中指定的位置，頁面效果圖如下

三、文件下載

文件下載需要獲取下載文件的存儲路徑，這里只是手動填入，如果是在具體項目中，可以把文件名和上傳后的存儲路徑保存在數(shù)據(jù)庫中。然后增加一個文件列表的頁面展示文件名和文件路徑，然后點擊下載的時候把相應(yīng)的文件名和路徑傳到后臺操作。

/**   * 文件下載，需要文件名和文件地址   *   * @author：tuzongxun   * @Title: download   * @param@param name   * @param@param path   * @param@return   * @param@throws IOException   * @returnResponseEntity<byte[]>   * @date Apr 28,2016 1:21:32 PM   * @throws   */  @RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadFile.do")  public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(@RequestParam("name") String name,    @RequestParam("filePath") String path) throws IOException {   File file = new File(path);   HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();   String fileName = new String(name.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 為了解決中文名稱亂碼問題   headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName);   headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);   return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file),     headers, HttpStatus.CREATED);  }

Html頁面，這里只是簡單的填寫文件名和文件路徑，用form表單提交到后臺，然后后臺會控制response在頁面彈出保存文件路徑的選擇框，當(dāng)然了，這里的后臺我沒有做什么處理，如果文件不存在是會報錯的，可以進行相應(yīng)的處理：
文件下載：

 </br> </br>  <form action="./downLoadFile.do"style="border:1px solid grey;width:auto;" method="post">    文件名：<input type="text" name="name"/></br></br>    文件路徑：<input type="text" name="filePath"/></br></br>    <input type="submit" value="確認(rèn)下載"/>  </form>

頁面視圖如下：