這里記錄Java中從控制臺讀入信息的幾種方式,已備后查!
(1)JDK 1.4(JDK 1.5和JDK 1.6也都兼容這種方法)
public class TestConsole1 { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = readDataFromConsole("Please input string:); System.out.println("The information from console: + str); } /** * Use InputStreamReader and System.in to read data from console * * @param prompt * * @return input string */ private static String readDataFromConsole(String prompt) { BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String str = null; try { System.out.print(prompt); str = br.readLine(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return str; }}(2)JDK 1.5(利用Scanner進行讀取)
public class TestConsole2 { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = readDataFromConsole("Please input string:"); System.out.println("The information from console:" + str); } /** * Use java.util.Scanner to read data from console * * @param prompt * * @return input string */ private static String readDataFromConsole(String prompt) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print(prompt); return scanner.nextLine(); }}Scanner還可以很方便的掃描文件,讀取里面的信息并轉換成你要的類型,比如對“2 2.2 3.3 3.33 4.5 done”這樣的數據求和,見如下代碼:
public class TestConsole4 { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("num.txt"); fw.write("2 2.2 3.3 3.33 4.5 done"); fw.close(); System.out.println("Sum is "+scanFileForSum("num.txt")); } public static double scanFileForSum(String fileName) throws IOException { double sum = 0.0; FileReader fr = null; try { fr = new FileReader(fileName); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(fr); while (scanner.hasNext()) { if (scanner.hasNextDouble()) { sum = sum + scanner.nextDouble(); } else { String str = scanner.next(); if (str.equals("done")) { break; } else { throw new RuntimeException("File Format is wrong!"); } } } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException("File " + fileName + " not found!"); } finally { if (fr != null) fr.close(); } return sum; }}(3)JDK 1.6(利用java.io.Console進行讀取)
JDK6中提供了java.io.Console類專用來訪問基于字符的控制臺設備.
你的程序如果要與Windows下的cmd或者Linux下的Terminal交互,就可以用Console類代勞.(類似System.in和System.out)
但我們不總是能得到可用的Console, 一個JVM是否有可用的Console依賴于底層平臺和JVM如何被調用.
如果JVM是在交互式命令行(比如Windows的cmd)中啟動的,并且輸入輸出沒有重定向到另外的地方,那么就可以得到一個可用的Console實例。
在使用 IDE 的情況下,是無法獲取到Console實例的,原因在于在 IDE 的環境下,重新定向了標準輸入和輸出流,也是就是將系統控制臺上的輸入輸出重定向到了 IDE 的控制臺中
public class TestConsole3 { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = readDataFromConsole("Please input string:"); System.out.println("The information from console:" + str); } /** * Use java.io.console to read data from console * * @param prompt * * @return input string */ private static String readDataFromConsole(String prompt) { Console console = System.console(); if (console == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("Console is not available!"); } return console.readLine(prompt); }}Console類還有個特色就是,專門對密碼(輸入無回顯)等安全字符,進行了處理。專門提供 readPassword()方法,具體應用見如下代碼:
public class TestConsole5 { public static void main(String[] args) { Console console = System.console(); if (console == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("Console is not available!"); } while(true){ String username = console.readLine("Username: "); char[] password = console.readPassword("Password: "); if (username.equals("Chris") && String.valueOf(password).equals("GoHead")) { console.printf("Welcome to Java Application %1$s./n", username); // 使用后應立即將數組清空,以減少其在內存中占用的時間,增強安全性 password = null; System.exit(-1); } else { console.printf("Invalid username or password./n"); } } }}以上就是小編為大家帶來的Java從控制臺讀入數據的幾種方法總結的全部內容了,希望對大家有所幫助,多多支持武林網~
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