一、安裝tkinter
在Linux中python默認是不安裝Tkinter模塊，
[root@li250-193 ~]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Feb 22 2013, 00:00:18)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Tkinter
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named Tkinter
>>>
我們安裝Tkinter模塊
[root@li250-193 ~]# yum -y install tkinter
...
[root@li250-193 ~]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Feb 22 2013, 00:00:18)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Tkinter
>>>
二、升級Python
Linux的Python版本默認都不叫低
查看Python版本
[root@li250-193 ~]# python -V
Python 2.6.6
DOWN新版本
[root@li250-193 ~]# wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.4/Python-2.7.4.tgz
解壓安裝
[root@li250-193 ~]# tar -xf Python-2.7.4.tgz
[root@li250-193 ~]# cd Python-2.7.4
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# ./configure
...
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# make
...
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# make install
...
看看新版本Python是否可以使用Tkinter？
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# ./python
Python 2.7.4 (default, Apr 12 2013, 08:03:09)
[GCC 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Tkinter
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/root/Python-2.7.4/Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 39, in <module>
import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk
ImportError: No module named _tkinter
>>>
提示找不到tkinter模塊？看看舊版的是不是正常
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Feb 22 2013, 00:00:18)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Tkinter
>>>
舊版的沒問題，難道需要yum install tkinter一次？
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# yum install tkinter
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.team-cymru.org
* extras: mirror.team-cymru.org
* updates: mirror.team-cymru.org
Setting up Install Process
Package tkinter-2.6.6-36.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
提示已安裝，看來不是tkinter的問題，看看tkinter模塊在哪里？
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# find /usr -name *tkinter.so
/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload/_tkinter.so
找到一個，在2.6舊版本的目錄下，估計是因為新版本庫指向問題。于是認真讀了README說明。重新配置安裝
三、正確安裝新版Python
首先修改Setup.dist文件
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# vim Modules/Setup.dist
找到下面這幾行，把前面的井號去掉打開它
_tkinter _tkinter.c tkappinit.c -DWITH_APPINIT /
-L/usr/local/lib /
-I/usr/local/include /
-ltk8.5 -ltcl8.5 /
-lX11
以上第四行
-ltk8.5 -ltcl8.5 默認是 8.2 ，請你系統實際tcl/tk版本修改
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# rpm -qa | grep ^tk
tk-8.5.7-5.el6.x86_64
tkinter-2.6.6-36.el6.x86_64
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# rpm -qa | grep ^tcl
tcl-8.5.7-6.el6.x86_64
我系統中裝的是8.5，所以這里我改成了8.5
保存退出
安裝tck-devel、tk-devel
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# yum -y install tcl-devel tk-devel
開始配置安裝
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# ldconfig
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# ./configure
...
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# make
...
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# make install
...
看下新版Python是否可以使用tkinter模塊
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# ./python
Python 2.7.4 (default, Apr 12 2013, 08:49:11)
[GCC 4.4.6 20120305 (Red Hat 4.4.6-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Tkinter
>>>
已經沒問題，舊版再看看
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# /usr/bin/python2.6
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Feb 22 2013, 00:00:18)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Tkinter
>>>
也沒問題
如果直接敲入python -V查看版本是不是最新的，如果不是可以這么干：
which出python命令路徑
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# which python
/usr/local/bin/python
cp 過去
[root@li250-193 Python-2.7.4]# cp python /usr/local/bin/python
四、升級Python引起yum版本無法使用的問題解決
不少童鞋安裝后就
cp python /usr/bin/python
導致yum時就提示
[root@lee ~]# yum
There was a problem importing one of the Python modules
required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:
No module named yum
Please install a package which provides this module, or
verify that the module is installed correctly.
It's possible that the above module doesn't match the
current version of Python, which is:
2.7.4 (default, Apr 9 2013, 17:12:56)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)]
If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to
the yum faq at:
http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq
[root@lee ~]#
因為yum頭部默認制定python腳本的路徑就是
#! /usr/bin/python
你把舊版的python替換后就是用不了，不知道為何新版Python不能被yum識別，目前唯一最好解決的方法就是修改yum頭部聲明
改成
#! /usr/bin/python2.6
即可，這里的python2.6是我centos默認版本，大家的默認版本是多少請按實際情況修改即可
