import pygamefrom pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Alien(Sprite): """表示單個外星人的類"""  def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):  """初始化外星人并設置其他位置"""  super(Alien,self).__init__()  self.screen = screen  self.ai_settings = ai_settings    #加載外星人圖像，并設置其rect屬性  self.image = pygame.image.load('images/alien.bmp')  self.rect = self.image.get_rect()    #每個外星人最初都在屏幕左上角附近  self.rect.x = self.rect.width  self.rect.y = self.rect.height    #存儲外星人的準確位置  self.x = float(self.rect.x)     def blitme(self):  """在指定位置繪制外星人"""  self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)     def check_edges(self):  """如果外星人位于屏幕邊緣，就返回True"""  screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()  if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right:   return True  elif self.rect.left <= 0:   return True  def update(self):  """向右移動外星人"""  self.x += (self.ai_settings.alien_speed_factor * self.ai_settings.fleet_direction)  self.rect.x = self.x

import pygamefrom settings import Settingsfrom game_stats import GameStatsfrom button import Buttonfrom ship import Shipfrom pygame.sprite import Groupimport game_functions as gffrom scoreboard import Scoreboarddef run_game():  pygame.init()    # 初始化背景設置  ai_settings = Settings()    # 全局設置  screen = pygame.display.set_mode(      # 創(chuàng)建screen顯示窗口    (ai_settings.screen_width,ai_settings.screen_height)  )  pygame.display.set_caption('Alien Invasion')  # 標題  #新建Play按鈕  play_button = Button(ai_settings,screen,"Play")  #創(chuàng)建一個用于存儲游戲統計信息的實例,并創(chuàng)建記分牌  stats = GameStats(ai_settings)  sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)  # 創(chuàng)建飛船  ship = Ship(ai_settings,screen)  # 創(chuàng)建子彈編組  bullets = Group()    #創(chuàng)建一個外星人  aliens = Group()  #創(chuàng)建外星人群  gf.create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)    # 開始游戲主循環(huán)  while True:    # 監(jiān)視鍵盤和鼠標事件    gf.check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets)        if stats.game_active:      # 移動飛船      gf.update_ship(ship)      # 更新子彈位置      gf.update_bullets(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)      #更新外星人      gf.update_aliens(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)    # 更新屏幕    gf.update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button)run_game()

import pygamefrom pygame.sprite import Spriteimport timeclass Bullet(Sprite):  '''飛船子彈進行管理'''  def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,ship):    super(Bullet,self).__init__()    self.screen = screen    # 創(chuàng)建子彈矩形初始位置（0,0,3,15）分別對應lef，top，寬，高    self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,    ai_settings.bullet_width, ai_settings.bullet_height)    self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerx # 設置中心點x軸坐標跟飛船一致    self.rect.top = ship.rect.top     # 設置y軸坐標頂部跟飛船一致    # 設置成小數進行計算    self.top = float(self.rect.top)    self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color    self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor  def update(self):    self.top -=self.speed_factor    self.rect.top = self.top    print(self.rect.top)  def draw_bullet(self):    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)

import pygame.fontclass Button():    def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen,msg):    """初始化按鈕屬性"""    self.screen = screen    self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()        #設置按鈕的尺寸和其他屬性    self.width,self.height = 200,50    self.button_color = (0,255,0)    self.text_color = (255,255,255)    self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None,48)        #創(chuàng)建按鈕的rect對象，并使其居中    self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)    self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center        #按鈕的標簽只需創(chuàng)建一次    self.prep_msg(msg)      def prep_msg(self,msg):    """將msg渲染為圖像，并使其在按鈕上居中"""    self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg,True,self.text_color,self.button_color)    self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect()    self.msg_image_rect.center =self.rect.center    def draw_button(self):    #繪制一個用顏色填充的按鈕，再繪制文本    self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect)    self.screen.blit(self.msg_image,self.msg_image_rect)

import sysimport pygamefrom bullet import Bulletfrom alien import Alienfrom time import sleepdef check_events(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets):  # 監(jiān)視鍵盤和鼠標事件  for event in pygame.event.get():    if event.type == pygame.QUIT: # 關閉窗口退出      sys.exit()    elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:      check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)    elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:      check_keyup_events(event,ship)    elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:      mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()      check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x, mouse_y)      def check_play_button(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,play_button,ship,aliens,bullets,mouse_x, mouse_y):  """在玩家單擊Play按鈕時開始游戲"""  button_clicked = play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_x,mouse_y)  if button_clicked and not stats.game_active:    #重置游戲設置    ai_settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()        #隱藏光標    pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)    #重置游戲統計信息    stats.reset_stats()    stats.game_active = True        #重置計分牌圖像    sb.prep_score()    sb.prep_high_score()    sb.prep_level()    sb.prep_ships()        #清空外星人列表和子彈列表    aliens.empty()    bullets.empty()        #創(chuàng)建一群新的外星人，并讓飛船居中    create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)    ship.center_ship()    def update_screen(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets,play_button):  '''更新屏幕上的圖片，并切換到新屏幕'''  screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color) # 設置背景顏色  ship.blitme() # 繪制飛船  aliens.draw(screen)  # 循環(huán)子彈組里面的元素，進行繪制 為空時不執(zhí)行  for bullet in bullets.sprites():    bullet.draw_bullet()  # 繪制子彈  #顯示得分  sb.show_score()  #如果游戲處于非活躍狀態(tài)，就顯示Play按鈕  if not stats.game_active:    play_button.draw_button()  # 顯示最新屏幕，擦拭舊屏幕  pygame.display.flip()  # print('1')def check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):  if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:    ship.moving_right = True  elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:    ship.moving_left = True  elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:    fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets)  elif event.key == pygame.K_q:    sys.exit()def check_keyup_events(event,ship):  if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:    ship.moving_right = False  elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:    ship.moving_left = Falsedef update_bullets(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):  '''更新子彈位置，刪除子彈'''  bullets.update()   # 子彈組每個成員執(zhí)行self.update()操作  for bullet in bullets.sprites():    if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0: # 子彈出界 刪除      bullets.remove(bullet)  check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)def check_bullet_alien_collisions(ai_settings,screen,stats,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):   """響應外星人和子彈的碰撞"""  #刪除發(fā)生碰撞的子彈和外星人  collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets,aliens,True,True)    if collisions:    for aliens in collisions.values():       stats.score += ai_settings.alien_points * len(aliens)      sb.prep_score()    check_high_score(stats,sb)      if len(aliens)==0:    #刪除現有的子彈并新建一群外星人,加快游戲進度節(jié)奏    bullets.empty()    ai_settings.increase_speed()        #提高等級    stats.level += 1    sb.prep_level()        create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)def update_ship(ship):  ship.update()def fire_bullet(ai_settings,screen,ship,bullets):  # 創(chuàng)建一個子彈對象 加入到子彈組  if len(bullets) < ai_settings.bullets_allowed: # 子彈少于允許值時再生成    new_bullet = Bullet(ai_settings, screen, ship)    bullets.add(new_bullet)def get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings,alien_width):  """計算每行可容納多少個外星人"""  available_space_x = ai_settings.screen_width - 2 * alien_width  number_aliens_x = int(available_space_x / (2 * alien_width))  return number_aliens_xdef get_number_rows(ai_settings,ship_height,alien_height):  """計算屏幕可容納多少行外星人"""  available_space_y = (ai_settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) - ship_height)  number_rows = int(available_space_y / (2 * alien_height))  return number_rows  def create_aliens(ai_settings,screen,aliens,alien_number,row_number):  """創(chuàng)建一個外星人并將其放在當期行"""  alien = Alien(ai_settings,screen)  alien_width = alien.rect.width  alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number     alien.rect.x = alien.x  alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number  aliens.add(alien)    def create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens):  """創(chuàng)建外星人群"""  #創(chuàng)建一個外星人，并計算一行可以容納多少個外星人  #外星人間距為外星人寬度  alien = Alien(ai_settings,screen)  number_aliens_x = get_number_aliens_x(ai_settings,alien.rect.width)  number_rows = get_number_rows(ai_settings,ship.rect.height,alien.rect.height)    #創(chuàng)建第一行外星人  for row_number in range(number_rows):    for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x):      #創(chuàng)建一個外星人并將其加入當前行      create_aliens(ai_settings,screen,aliens,alien_number,row_number) def check_fleet_edges(ai_settings,aliens):  """有外星人到達邊緣時采取相應措施"""  for alien in aliens.sprites():    if alien.check_edges():      change_fleet_direction(ai_settings,aliens)      break    def change_fleet_direction(ai_settings,aliens):  """將整群外星人下移，并改變他們的運動方向"""  for alien in aliens.sprites():    alien.rect.y += ai_settings.fleet_drop_speed  ai_settings.fleet_direction *= -1def ship_hit(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):  """響應被外星人撞到的飛船"""  if stats.ships_left > 0:    #將ship_left減1    stats.ships_left -= 1        #更新記分牌    sb.prep_ships()        #清空外星人列表和子彈列表    aliens.empty()    bullets.empty()    #創(chuàng)建一群新的外星人，并將飛船放到屏幕低端中央    create_fleet(ai_settings,screen,ship,aliens)    ship.center_ship()    #暫停    sleep(0.5)  else:    stats.game_active = False    pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)def check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):  """檢查是否有外星人到達屏幕低端"""  screen_rect = screen.get_rect()  for alien in aliens.sprites():    if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:      #像飛船被撞到一樣進行處理      ship_hit(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)      break       def update_aliens(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets):  """更新外星人群中所有外星人的位置"""  check_fleet_edges(ai_settings,aliens)  aliens.update()  #檢測外星人和飛船之間的碰撞  if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(ship,aliens):    ship_hit(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)  #檢查是否有外星人到達屏幕低端  check_aliens_bottom(ai_settings,stats,screen,sb,ship,aliens,bullets)def check_high_score(stats,sb):  """檢查是否誕生了新的最高紀錄"""  if stats.score > stats.high_score:    stats.high_score = stats.score    sb.prep_high_score() 

class GameStats():  """跟蹤游戲的統計信息"""  def __init__(self,ai_settings):    """初始化統計信息"""    self.ai_settings = ai_settings    self.reset_stats()    #游戲剛啟動時處于非活動狀態(tài)    self.game_active = False    #在任何情況下不應該重置最高分    self.high_score = 0    self.level = 1      def reset_stats(self):    """初始化在游戲運行期間可能變化的統計信息"""    self.ships_left = self.ai_settings.ship_limit    self.score = 0

import pygame.fontfrom pygame.sprite import Groupfrom ship import Shipclass Scoreboard():  """顯示得分信息的類"""    def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, stats):    """初始化顯示得分涉及的屬性"""    self.screen =screen    self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()    self.ai_settings = ai_settings    self.stats = stats        #顯示得分信息時使用的字體設置    self.text_color = (30, 30, 30)    self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)        #準備初始化得分圖像和當前最高分數    self.prep_score()    self.prep_high_score()    self.prep_level()    self.prep_ships()      def prep_score(self):    """將得分轉換為一幅渲染的圖像"""    rounded_score = int(round(self.stats.score, -1))    score_str = "{:,}".format(rounded_score)    self.score_image = self.font.render(score_str, True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)        #將得分放在右上角    self.score_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()    self.score_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - 20    self.score_rect.top = 5    def prep_high_score(self):    """將最高得分轉換為渲染圖像"""    high_score = int(round(self.stats.high_score, -1))    high_score_str = "{:,}".format(high_score)    self.high_score_image = self.font.render(high_score_str, True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)        #將最高分放在屏幕最中央    self.high_score_rect = self.high_score_image.get_rect()    self.high_score_rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx    self.high_score_rect.top = 5      def prep_level(self):    """將等級轉換為渲染圖像"""    self.level_image = self.font.render(str(self.stats.level), True, self.text_color, self.ai_settings.bg_color)        #將得分放在右上角    self.level_rect = self.score_image.get_rect()    self.level_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right    self.level_rect.top = self.score_rect.bottom       def prep_ships(self):    """顯示還剩下多少艘飛船"""    self.ships = Group()    for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left):      ship = Ship(self.ai_settings, self.screen)      ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.width      ship.rect.y = 10      self.ships.add(ship)      def show_score(self):    """在屏幕上顯示得分和等級"""    self.screen.blit(self.score_image, self.score_rect)    self.screen.blit(self.high_score_image, self.high_score_rect)    self.screen.blit(self.level_image, self.level_rect)    #繪制飛船    self.ships.draw(self.screen)

class Settings():  '''存儲外星人入侵中所有的設置'''  def __init__(self):    '''初始化設置'''    #屏幕設置    self.screen_width = 1200    self.screen_height = 600    self.bg_color = (230,230,230)  # 設置背景色 灰色        #飛船設置    self.ship_limit = 3    self.ship_image_path = 'images/ship.bmp'  # 飛船圖片路徑        #子彈設置    self.bullet_width = 3    self.bullet_height = 15    self.bullet_color = 60,60,60    self.bullets_allowed = 3     # 允許屏幕中出現子彈的數量        #外星人設置    self.fleet_drop_speed = 10            #以什么樣的速度加快游戲節(jié)奏    self.speedup_scale = 1.1    #外星人點數提高速度    self.score_scale = 1.5        self.initialize_dynamic_settings()    def initialize_dynamic_settings(self):    """初始化隨游戲進行而變化的設置"""    self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5    self.bullet_speed_factor = 3    self.alien_speed_factor = 1        #fleet_direction為1表示向右移，為-1表示向左移    self.fleet_direction = 1        #計分    self.alien_points = 50      def increase_speed(self):    """提高速度設置,外星人點數"""    self.ship_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale    self.bullet_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale    self.alien_speed_factor *= self.speedup_scale        self.alien_points = int(self.alien_points * self.score_scale)    print(self.alien_points)

import pygamefrom pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Ship(Sprite):  '''飛船所有信息'''  def __init__(self,ai_settings,screen):    """初始化飛船，并設置其起始位置"""    super(Ship,self).__init__()    self.screen=screen    self.ai_settings = ai_settings    # 加載飛船圖片、獲取外接矩形    self.image = pygame.image.load(self.ai_settings.ship_image_path)  # 加載圖片    self.image = pygame.transform.smoothscale(self.image,(40,60))    self.rect = self.image.get_rect()  # 獲取圖片外接矩形    self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()    #獲取屏幕外接矩形    # 將每搜新飛船放到并木底部中心    self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx    self.rect.bottom = self.screen_rect.bottom    # 設置成浮點類型    self.center = float(self.rect.centerx)   # self.rect.centerx設置不了浮點數 只能另設置一個變量進行運算    # 移動標志    self.moving_right = False    self.moving_left = False  def blitme(self):    '''在指定位置繪制飛船'''    self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)  def update(self):    # 向右移動飛船    if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:      self.center +=self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor    # 向左移動飛船    if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > self.screen_rect.left:      self.center -= self.ai_settings.ship_speed_factor    self.rect.centerx = self.center  def center_ship(self):    """讓飛船在屏幕上居中"""    self.center = self.screen_rect.centerx