本文實(shí)例總結(jié)了javascript關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)的各種問(wèn)題。分享給大家供大家參考。具體如下:
一、JS運(yùn)動(dòng)的各種問(wèn)題
問(wèn)題一:
錯(cuò)誤代碼:
function startMove(){ var timer=null; var div1=document.getElementById("div1"); if (div1.offsetLeft==300){ clearInterval(timer); }else{ timer=setInterval(function(){ div1.style.left=div1.offsetLeft+10+"px"; },30) } }希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能:
打開定時(shí)器timer,讓div1運(yùn)動(dòng)到300px,然后讓div1停下即關(guān)掉定時(shí)器。
錯(cuò)誤之處:
if語(yǔ)句錯(cuò)誤,代碼首先設(shè)置一個(gè)null定時(shí)器timer,然后如果div1的左邊距為300px,則關(guān)掉定時(shí)器timer。否則一直運(yùn)動(dòng)。但是if并不是循環(huán)語(yǔ)句,if語(yǔ)句執(zhí)行一次之后將不再執(zhí)行。所以永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)關(guān)閉定時(shí)器。
正確代碼:
var timer=null; function startMove(){ var div1=document.getElementById("div1"); timer=setInterval(function(){ if (div1.offsetLeft==300){ clearInterval(timer); } div1.style.left=div1.offsetLeft+10+"px"; },30) }問(wèn)題二:
錯(cuò)誤代碼:
function startMove(){ var speed=1; var timer=null; var oDiv1=document.getElementById("div1"); clearInterval(timer); timer=setInterval(function(){ if (oDiv1.offsetLeft>=300){ clearInterval(timer); }else{ oDiv1.style.left=oDiv1.offsetLeft+speed+"px"; } },30) }希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能:
連續(xù)點(diǎn)擊開始按鈕,div1會(huì)加速,這是因?yàn)槊慨?dāng)點(diǎn)擊按鈕一次,就會(huì)開啟一個(gè)定時(shí)器,累積起來(lái)就會(huì)加速,所以要在開啟定時(shí)器之前不管有沒(méi)有定時(shí)器開啟都要先關(guān)閉一次定時(shí)器。但是添加了關(guān)閉定時(shí)器的clearInterval方法之后,依然會(huì)加速。
錯(cuò)誤之處:
將timer變量放在了startMove方法里面,相當(dāng)于每點(diǎn)擊一次按鈕,就會(huì)執(zhí)行一次startMove方法,生成了一個(gè)閉包,因此創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)局部timer,每一個(gè)閉包當(dāng)中的timer并不會(huì)共享,所以還是相當(dāng)于生成了點(diǎn)擊次數(shù)的閉包timer。
正確代碼:
var timer=null; function startMove(){ var speed=1; var oDiv1=document.getElementById("div1"); clearInterval(timer); timer=setInterval(function(){ if (oDiv1.offsetLeft>=300){ clearInterval(timer); }else{ oDiv1.style.left=oDiv1.offsetLeft+speed+"px"; } },30) }實(shí)現(xiàn)分享欄進(jìn)出功能:
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> #div1{ width: 150px; height: 200px; background: burlywood; position: absolute; left: -150px; } span{ width: 20px; height: 60px; position: absolute; background: gold; right: -20px; top: 70px; } </style> <script> window.onload=function(){ var oDiv1=document.getElementById("div1"); oDiv1.onmouseover=function(){ move(0); }; oDiv1.onmouseout=function(){ move(-150); }; }; var timer=null; function move(target){ var oDiv1=document.getElementById("div1"); var speed=0; if (oDiv1.offsetLeft<target){ speed=10; }else{ speed=-10; } clearInterval(timer); timer=setInterval(function(){ if(oDiv1.offsetLeft==target){ clearInterval(timer); }else{ oDiv1.style.left=oDiv1.offsetLeft+speed+"px"; } },30); } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"> <span id="span1">分享到</span> </div> </body> </html>實(shí)現(xiàn)圖片淡入淡出功能:
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> #div1{ width: 200px; height: 200px; background: red; position: absolute; filter: alpha(opacity:30); opacity: 0.3; } </style> <script> window.onload=function(){ var oDiv1=document.getElementById("div1"); oDiv1.onmouseover=function(){ move(100); }; oDiv1.onmouseout=function(){ move(30); }; }; var timer=null; var alpha=30; function move(target){ var oDiv1=document.getElementById("div1"); var speed=0; clearInterval(timer); if(alpha<target){ speed=10; }else{ speed=-10; } timer=setInterval(function(){ if (alpha==target){ clearInterval(timer); }else{ alpha+=speed; oDiv1.style.filter="alpha(opacity:"+alpha+")"; oDiv1.style.opacity=alpha/100; } },30); }; </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"> </div> </body> </html> 注意點(diǎn):
1.因?yàn)樵谕该鞫壬螶avaScript并沒(méi)有像左邊距(offsetLeft)這樣的屬性。所以用一個(gè)alpha變量代替。
2.JavaScript代碼中的行間透明度設(shè)置上需要考慮瀏覽器的兼容問(wèn)題,ie瀏覽器設(shè)置方法為oDiv1.style.filter="aplha(opacity:"+aplha+")";
chrome和火狐為oDiv1.style.opacity=alpha/100。
實(shí)現(xiàn)滾動(dòng)條事件:
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style type="text/css"> #div1{ width: 100px; height: 100px; background: yellowgreen; position: absolute; bottom: 0px; right: 0px; } </style> <script> window.onscroll=function(){ var oDiv=document.getElementById("div1"); var scrollTop=document.documentElement.scrollTop||document.body.scrollTop; move(document.documentElement.clientHeight-oDiv.offsetHeight+scrollTop); }; var timer=null; function move(target){ var oDiv=document.getElementById("div1"); clearInterval(timer); timer=setInterval(function(){ var speed=(target-oDiv.offsetTop)/10; speed=speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if (oDiv.offsetTop==target){ clearInterval(timer); }else{ oDiv.style.top=oDiv.offsetTop+speed+'px'; } },30) }; </script> </head> <body style="height:2000px;"> <div id="div1"></div> </body> </html>二、JS多物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的各種問(wèn)題
問(wèn)題一:
希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能:三個(gè)平行div自由的平行縮放。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> div{ width: 100px; height: 50px; background: yellow; margin: 10px; } </style> <script> window.onload=function(){ var oDiv=document.getElementsByTagName('div'); for (var i=0;i<oDiv.length;i++){ oDiv[i].timer=null; oDiv[i].onmouseover=function(){ move(300,this); }; oDiv[i].onmouseout=function(){ move(100,this); }; } }; function move(iTarget,oDiv){ clearInterval(oDiv.timer); oDiv.timer=setInterval(function(){ var speed=(iTarget-oDiv.offsetWidth)/5; speed=speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if (iTarget==oDiv.offsetWidth){ clearInterval(oDiv.timer); }else{ oDiv.style.width=oDiv.offsetWidth+speed+"px"; } },30); } </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"></div> <div id="div2"></div> <div id="div3"></div> </body> </html>注意事項(xiàng):
多物體運(yùn)動(dòng)如果只是設(shè)置一個(gè)定時(shí)器(設(shè)置全局定時(shí)器)的話,那么三個(gè)div共用一個(gè)一個(gè)全局定時(shí)器,那么當(dāng)一個(gè)div沒(méi)有完成縮小動(dòng)作的時(shí)候另一個(gè)div開啟定時(shí)器執(zhí)行伸展動(dòng)作,由于定時(shí)器是全局的,那么上一個(gè)div的定時(shí)器將被覆蓋即取消掉,故上一個(gè)定時(shí)器無(wú)法完全地昨晚縮小動(dòng)作,解決辦法是給每一個(gè)div設(shè)置一個(gè)屬性timer。
問(wèn)題二:
希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能:多圖片的淡入淡出。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> div{ width: 200px; height: 200px; margin: 10px; background: yellow; float: left; filter: alpha(opacity:30); opacity: 0.3; } </style> <script> window.onload=function(){ var oDiv=document.getElementsByTagName('div'); for(var i=0;i<oDiv.length;i++){ oDiv[i].timer=null; oDiv[i].alpha=30; oDiv[i].onmouseover=function(){ move(100,this); }; oDiv[i].onmouseout=function(){ move(30,this); }; } }; function move(iTarget,obj){ clearInterval(obj.timer); obj.timer=setInterval(function(){ var speed=(iTarget-obj.alpha)/30; speed=speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if (obj.alpha==iTarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); }else{ obj.alpha+=speed; obj.style.filter="alpha(opacity:"+obj.alpha+")"; obj.style.opacity=obj.alpha/100; } },30); } </script> </head> <body> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> </body> </html>希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能:多物體不同方向的伸縮功能。
代碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> div{ width: 100px; height: 100px; margin: 10px; background: yellow; float: left; border: 10px solid black; } </style> <script> window.onload=function(){ var oDiv1=document.getElementById('div1'); var oDiv2=document.getElementById('div2'); oDiv1.timer=null; oDiv2.timer=null; oDiv1.onmouseover=function(){ move(this,400,'height'); }; oDiv1.onmouseout=function(){ move(this,100,'height'); }; oDiv2.onmouseover=function(){ move(this,400,'width'); }; oDiv2.onmouseout=function(){ move(this,100,'width'); }; }; function getStyle(obj,name){ if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[name]; }else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[name]; } }; function move(obj,iTarget,name){ clearInterval(obj.timer); obj.timer=setInterval(function(){ var cur=parseInt(getStyle(obj,name)); var speed=(iTarget-cur)/30; speed=speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(cur==iTarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); }else{ obj.style[name]=cur+speed+"px"; } },30); }; </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"></div> <div id="div2"></div> </body> </html>注意事項(xiàng):
1.offsetwidth所獲得的并不只是物體的純寬度,還有物體的變寬以及外邊距。那么在obj.style.width=obj.offsetwidth-1+"px";這句中,本意是希望圖片縮小以1px的速度勻速縮小,但是如果將邊框的寬度設(shè)置為1px而非0px,那么offsetwidth的值其實(shí)是obj的width(注意:不是style.width即不是行間的width)+2,上面這句變成了obj.style.width=obj的width+2-1+“px”;圖像反而增大了。解決的辦法就是不用offsetwidth,而用obj的width。width通過(guò)getStyle方法獲得。
2.getStyle方法得到的是string。需要用parseint強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字類型。
完整的運(yùn)動(dòng)框架:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head lang="en"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> #div1{ width: 200px; height: 200px; margin: 20px; background: yellow; border: 5px solid black; filter: alpha(opacity:30); opacity: 0.3; } </style> <script> window.onload=function(){ var oDiv1=document.getElementById('div1'); oDiv1.timer=null; oDiv1.onmouseover=function(){ move(this,100,'opacity'); }; oDiv1.onmouseout=function(){ move(this,30,'opacity'); }; }; function getStyle(obj,name){ if(obj.currentStyle){ return obj.currentStyle[name]; }else{ return getComputedStyle(obj,false)[name]; } }; function move(obj,iTarget,name){ clearInterval(obj.timer); obj.timer=setInterval(function(){ var cur=0; if(name=='opacity'){ cur=Math.round(parseFloat(getStyle(obj,name))*100); }else{ cur=parseInt(getStyle(obj,name)); } var speed=(iTarget-cur)/30; speed=speed>0?Math.ceil(speed):Math.floor(speed); if(cur==iTarget){ clearInterval(obj.timer); }else{ if(name=='opacity'){ obj.style.opacity=(cur+speed)/100; obj.style.filter='alpha(opacity:'+cur+speed+')'; }else{ obj.style[name]=cur+speed+"px"; } } },30); }; </script> </head> <body> <div id="div1"></div> </body> </html>希望本文所述對(duì)大家的javascript程序設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助。
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