前面的章節中我們已經學會了ionic 框架如何導入到項目中。
接下來我們將為大家介紹如何創建一個 ionic APP 應用。
ionic 創建 APP 使用 HTML、CSS 和 Javascript 來構建,所以我們可以創建一個 www 目錄,并在目錄下創建 index.html 文件,代碼如下:
大家按照步驟在自己的編輯器上來認真的完成這個APP的創建吧。
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Todo</title><meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no, width=device-width"><link href="lib/ionic/css/ionic.css" rel="stylesheet"><script src="lib/ionic/js/ionic.bundle.js"></script><!-- 在使用 Cordova/PhoneGap 創建的 APP 中包含的文件,由 Cordova/PhoneGap 提供,(開發過程中顯示 404) --><script src="cordova.js"></script></head><body></body></html>
以上代碼中,我們引入了 Ionic CSS 文件、 Ionic JS 文件及 Ionic AngularJS 擴展ionic.bundle.js(ionic.bundle.js)。
ionic.bundle.js 文件已經包含了 Ionic核心JS、AngularJS、Ionic的AngularJS擴展,如果你需要引入其他 Angular 模塊,可以從 lib/js/angular 目錄中調用。
cordova.js 是在使用 Cordova/PhoneGap 創建應用時生成的,不需要手動引入,你可以在 Cordova/PhoneGap 項目中找到該文件,所以在開發過程中顯示 404 是正常的。
創建 APP
接下來我們來實現一個包含標題、側邊欄、列表等的應用,設計圖如下:

創建側邊欄
側邊欄創建使用 ion-side-menus 控制器。
編輯我們先前創建的 index.html 文件,修改 <body> 內的內容,如下所示:
<body><ion-side-menus><ion-side-menu-content></ion-side-menu-content><ion-side-menu side="left"></ion-side-menu></ion-side-menus></body>
控制器解析:
ion-side-menus: 是一個帶有邊欄菜單的容器,可以通過點擊按鈕或者滑動屏幕來展開菜單。
ion-side-menu-content:展示主要內容的容器,可以通過滑動屏幕來展開menu。
ion-side-menu:存放側邊欄的容器。
初始化 APP
接下來我們創建一個新的 AngularJS 模塊,并初始化,代碼位于 www/js/app.js 中:
angular.module('todo', ['ionic'])之后在我們的 body 標簽中添加 ng-app 屬性:
<body ng-app="todo">
在 index.html 文件的 <script src=”cordova.js”></script> 上面引入 app.js 文件:
<script src="js/app.js"></script>
修改 index.html 文件 body 標簽的內容,代碼如下所示:
<body ng-app="todo"><ion-side-menus><!-- 中心內容 --><ion-side-menu-content><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Todo</h1></ion-header-bar><ion-content></ion-content></ion-side-menu-content><!-- 左側菜單 --><ion-side-menu side="left"><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Projects</h1></ion-header-bar></ion-side-menu></ion-side-menus></body>
以上步驟我們已經完成了 ionic 基本 APP 的應用。
創建列表
首先創建一個控制器 TodoCtrl:
<body ng-app="todo" ng-controller="TodoCtrl">
在app.js文件中,使用控制器定義列表數據:
angular.module('todo', ['ionic']).controller('TodoCtrl', function($scope) {$scope.tasks = [{ title: '菜鳥教程' },{ title: 'www.runoob.com' },{ title: '菜鳥教程' },{ title: 'www.runoob.com' }];});在index.html頁面中數據列表我們使用 Angular ng-repeat 來迭代數據:
<!-- 中心內容 --><ion-side-menu-content><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Todo</h1></ion-header-bar><ion-content><!-- 列表 --><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="task in tasks">{{task.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu-content>修改后 index.html body 標簽內代碼如下:
<body ng-app="todo" ng-controller="TodoCtrl"><ion-side-menus><!-- 中心內容 --><ion-side-menu-content><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Todo</h1></ion-header-bar><ion-content><!-- 列表 --><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="task in tasks">{{task.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu-content><!-- 左側菜單 --><ion-side-menu side="left"><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Projects</h1></ion-header-bar></ion-side-menu></ion-side-menus><script src="http://www.runoob.com/static/ionic/js/app.js"></script><script src="cordova.js"></script></body>創建添加頁面
修改 index.html 在 </ion-side-menus> 后添加如下代碼:
<script id="new-task.html" type="text/ng-template"><div class="modal"><!-- Modal header bar --><ion-header-bar class="bar-secondary"><h1 class="title">New Task</h1><button class="button button-clear button-positive" ng-click="closeNewTask()">Cancel</button></ion-header-bar><!-- Modal content area --><ion-content><form ng-submit="createTask(task)"><div class="list"><label class="item item-input"><input type="text" placeholder="What do you need to do?" ng-model="task.title"></label></div><div class="padding"><button type="submit" class="button button-block button-positive">Create Task</button></div></form></ion-content></div></script>
以上代碼中我們通過 <script id=”new-task.html” type=”text/ng-template”> 定義了新的模板頁面。
表單提交時觸發 createTask(task) 函數。
ng-model=”task.title” 會將表單的輸入數據賦值給 task 對象的 title 屬性。
修改 <ion-side-menu-content> 內的內容,代碼如下:
<!-- 中心內容 --><ion-side-menu-content><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Todo</h1><!-- 新增按鈕--><button class="button button-icon" ng-click="newTask()"><i class="icon ion-compose"></i></button></ion-header-bar><ion-content><!-- 列表 --><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="task in tasks">{{task.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu-content>app.js 文件中,控制器代碼如下:angular.module('todo', ['ionic']).controller('TodoCtrl', function($scope, $ionicModal) {$scope.tasks = [{ title: '菜鳥教程' },{ title: 'www.runoob.com' },{ title: '菜鳥教程' },{ title: 'www.runoob.com' }];// 創建并載入模型$ionicModal.fromTemplateUrl('new-task.html', function(modal) {$scope.taskModal = modal;}, {scope: $scope,animation: 'slide-in-up'});// 表單提交時調用$scope.createTask = function(task) {$scope.tasks.push({title: task.title});$scope.taskModal.hide();task.title = "";};// 打開新增的模型$scope.newTask = function() {$scope.taskModal.show();};// 關閉新增的模型$scope.closeNewTask = function() {$scope.taskModal.hide();};});創建側邊欄
通過以上步驟我們已經實現了新增功能,現在我們為 app 添加側邊欄功能。
修改 <ion-side-menu-content> 內的內容,代碼如下:
<!-- 中心內容 --><ion-side-menu-content><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><button class="button button-icon" ng-click="toggleProjects()"><i class="icon ion-navicon"></i></button><h1 class="title">{{activeProject.title}}</h1><!-- 新增按鈕 --><button class="button button-icon" ng-click="newTask()"><i class="icon ion-compose"></i></button></ion-header-bar><ion-content scroll="false"><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="task in activeProject.tasks">{{task.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu-content>添加側邊欄:<!-- 左邊欄 --><ion-side-menu side="left"><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Projects</h1><button class="button button-icon ion-plus" ng-click="newProject()"></button></ion-header-bar><ion-content scroll="false"><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="project in projects" ng-click="selectProject(project, $index)" ng-class="{active: activeProject == project}">{{project.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu><ion-item> 中的 ng-class 指令設置菜單激活樣式。
這里我們創建一個新的js 文件 app2.js(為了不與前面的混淆),代碼如下:
angular.module('todo', ['ionic'])/*** The Projects factory handles saving and loading projects* from local storage, and also lets us save and load the* last active project index.*/.factory('Projects', function() {return {all: function() {var projectString = window.localStorage['projects'];if(projectString) {return angular.fromJson(projectString);}return [];},save: function(projects) {window.localStorage['projects'] = angular.toJson(projects);},newProject: function(projectTitle) {// Add a new projectreturn {title: projectTitle,tasks: []};},getLastActiveIndex: function() {return parseInt(window.localStorage['lastActiveProject']) || 0;},setLastActiveIndex: function(index) {window.localStorage['lastActiveProject'] = index;}}}).controller('TodoCtrl', function($scope, $timeout, $ionicModal, Projects, $ionicSideMenuDelegate) {// A utility function for creating a new project// with the given projectTitlevar createProject = function(projectTitle) {var newProject = Projects.newProject(projectTitle);$scope.projects.push(newProject);Projects.save($scope.projects);$scope.selectProject(newProject, $scope.projects.length-1);}// Load or initialize projects$scope.projects = Projects.all();// Grab the last active, or the first project$scope.activeProject = $scope.projects[Projects.getLastActiveIndex()];// Called to create a new project$scope.newProject = function() {var projectTitle = prompt('Project name');if(projectTitle) {createProject(projectTitle);}};// Called to select the given project$scope.selectProject = function(project, index) {$scope.activeProject = project;Projects.setLastActiveIndex(index);$ionicSideMenuDelegate.toggleLeft(false);};// Create our modal$ionicModal.fromTemplateUrl('new-task.html', function(modal) {$scope.taskModal = modal;}, {scope: $scope});$scope.createTask = function(task) {if(!$scope.activeProject || !task) {return;}$scope.activeProject.tasks.push({title: task.title});$scope.taskModal.hide();// Inefficient, but save all the projectsProjects.save($scope.projects);task.title = "";};$scope.newTask = function() {$scope.taskModal.show();};$scope.closeNewTask = function() {$scope.taskModal.hide();}$scope.toggleProjects = function() {$ionicSideMenuDelegate.toggleLeft();};// Try to create the first project, make sure to defer// this by using $timeout so everything is initialized// properly$timeout(function() {if($scope.projects.length == 0) {while(true) {var projectTitle = prompt('Your first project title:');if(projectTitle) {createProject(projectTitle);break;}}}});});body 中 ion-side-menus 代碼如下::<ion-side-menus><!-- 中心內容 --><ion-side-menu-content><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><button class="button button-icon" ng-click="toggleProjects()"><i class="icon ion-navicon"></i></button><h1 class="title">{{activeProject.title}}</h1><!-- 新增按鈕 --><button class="button button-icon" ng-click="newTask()"><i class="icon ion-compose"></i></button></ion-header-bar><ion-content scroll="false"><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="task in activeProject.tasks">{{task.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu-content><!-- 左邊欄 --><ion-side-menu side="left"><ion-header-bar class="bar-dark"><h1 class="title">Projects</h1><button class="button button-icon ion-plus" ng-click="newProject()"></button></ion-header-bar><ion-content scroll="false"><ion-list><ion-item ng-repeat="project in projects" ng-click="selectProject(project, $index)" ng-class="{active: activeProject == project}">{{project.title}}</ion-item></ion-list></ion-content></ion-side-menu></ion-side-menus>以上內容是小編給大家介紹的Ionic如何創建APP項目的全部代碼,希望對大家有所幫助!
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