1.整體架構
BootStrap框架公共六個部分：(css組件和js插件是其表現形式，其余的是基礎支撐平臺)
表現形式
CSS組件
JS插件
基礎支撐平臺
CSS12柵格系統
基礎布局組件
jQuery
響應式設計
1.1 CSS12柵格系統
12柵格系統是BootStrap的核心功能，也是響應式設計核心理念的一個實現方式。
1.1.1 實現原理
柵格布局原理：定義容器大小，平分12分，在調整內外邊距，最后結合媒體查詢，制作出強大響應式的柵格系統。
1.最外層的邊框，伴隨著響應式思想，區分了四種類型瀏覽器，像素分界點768px、992px、1200px
2.第二層的邊框，即.container樣式容器，針對四種瀏覽器寬度不一樣，值是自動、750px、970px、1170px
//源碼 .container { padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .container { width: 750px; } } @media (min-width: 992px) { .container { width: 970px; } } @media (min-width: 1200px) { .container { width: 1170px; } }3.1號橫條，左內邊距和右內邊距是15px，是12個col-lg-1，沒有row，則會
//源碼.col-xs-1, .col-sm-1, .col-md-1, .col-lg-1, .col-xs-2, .col-sm-2, .col-md-2, .col-lg-2, .col-xs-3, .col-sm-3, .col-md-3, .col-lg-3, .col-xs-4, .col-sm-4, .col-md-4, .col-lg-4, .col-xs-5, .col-sm-5, .col-md-5, .col-lg-5, .col-xs-6, .col-sm-6, .col-md-6, .col-lg-6, .col-xs-7, .col-sm-7, .col-md-7, .col-lg-7, .col-xs-8, .col-sm-8, .col-md-8, .col-lg-8, .col-xs-9, .col-sm-9, .col-md-9, .col-lg-9, .col-xs-10, .col-sm-10, .col-md-10, .col-lg-10, .col-xs-11, .col-sm-11, .col-md-11, .col-lg-11, .col-xs-12, .col-sm-12, .col-md-12, .col-lg-12 { position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; }
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <!-- Bootstrap從3.0版本開始全面支持移動平臺，貫徹移動先行宗旨 --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> </div> <!-- bootstrap是基于jQuery--> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
4.2號橫條，也就是row容器的定義,margin-left和margin-right都是-15px，組合row和列后，形成3號橫條的效果，也就是左右寬度用滿的效果。
//源碼 .row { margin-right: -15px; margin-left: -15px; }有row，則會沒邊距
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <!-- Bootstrap從3.0版本開始全面支持移動平臺，貫徹移動先行宗旨 --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title> <!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1">col-lg-1</div> <div class="col-lg-1" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-1</div> </div> </div> <!-- bootstrap是基于jQuery--> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
1.1.2 基本用法
1.列組合
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-8" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-8</div> <div class="col-lg-4" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-4</div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-6</div> <div class="col-lg-6" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-6</div> </div></div>
實現很簡單，就是涉及了兩個CSS特性：左浮動和寬度百分比
//源碼@media (min-width: 1200px) { .col-lg-1, .col-lg-2, .col-lg-3, .col-lg-4, .col-lg-5, .col-lg-6, .col-lg-7, .col-lg-8, .col-lg-9, .col-lg-10, .col-lg-11, .col-lg-12 { float: left; } .col-lg-12 { width: 100%; } .col-lg-11 { width: 91.66666667%; } .col-lg-10 { width: 83.33333333%; } .col-lg-9 { width: 75%; } .col-lg-8 { width: 66.66666667%; } .col-lg-7 { width: 58.33333333%; } .col-lg-6 { width: 50%; } .col-lg-5 { width: 41.66666667%; } .col-lg-4 { width: 33.33333333%; } .col-lg-3 { width: 25%; } .col-lg-2 { width: 16.66666667%; } .col-lg-1 { width: 8.33333333%; }}2.列偏移
我們不想讓相鄰的列挨在一起，則利用柵格系統的列偏移.col-xs(sm,md,lg)-offset-* 功能來實現，不必再定義margin
<div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-offset-2" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-8 col-lg-offset-2</div> <div class="col-lg-2 col-lg-offset-2" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-2 col-lg-offset-2</div></div>
//源碼.col-lg-offset-12 { margin-left: 100%;}.col-lg-offset-11 { margin-left: 91.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-10 { margin-left: 83.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-9 { margin-left: 75%;}.col-lg-offset-8 { margin-left: 66.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-7 { margin-left: 58.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-6 { margin-left: 50%;}.col-lg-offset-5 { margin-left: 41.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-4 { margin-left: 33.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-3 { margin-left: 25%;}.col-lg-offset-2 { margin-left: 16.66666667%;}.col-lg-offset-1 { margin-left: 8.33333333%;}.col-lg-offset-0 { margin-left: 0;}3.列嵌套
柵格系統也支持列嵌套，也就是一個列中可以在聲明一個或者多個行.內部嵌套的row寬度是100%，就是當前外部列的寬度
<div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-8" style="border:1px solid black">col-lg-8</div> <div class="col-lg-4" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6">col-lg-6</div> <div class="col-lg-6">col-lg-6</div> </div> </div></div>
4.列排序
列排序就是改變列的方向，也就是改變左右浮動，并且設置浮動的距離。可以通過.col-xs(sm,md,lg)-pull(push)-*
所有列設置的都是左浮動，通過設置left和right來實現定位顯示。push則設置left，pull則設置right
其實只是利用了float，left，right三個屬性就實現了這種效果
//源碼.col-lg-pull-12 { right: 100%;}.col-lg-pull-11 { right: 91.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-10 { right: 83.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-9 { right: 75%;}.col-lg-pull-8 { right: 66.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-7 { right: 58.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-6 { right: 50%;}.col-lg-pull-5 { right: 41.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-4 { right: 33.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-3 { right: 25%;}.col-lg-pull-2 { right: 16.66666667%;}.col-lg-pull-1 { right: 8.33333333%;}.col-lg-pull-0 { right: auto;}.col-lg-push-12 { left: 100%;}.col-lg-push-11 { left: 91.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-10 { left: 83.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-9 { left: 75%;}.col-lg-push-8 { left: 66.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-7 { left: 58.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-6 { left: 50%;}.col-lg-push-5 { left: 41.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-4 { left: 33.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-3 { left: 25%;}.col-lg-push-2 { left: 16.66666667%;}.col-lg-push-1 { left: 8.33333333%;}.col-lg-push-0 { left: auto;}1.1.3 響應式柵格
已知col-xs-* col-sm-* col-md-* col-lg-*
1.跨設備組合定義
一種樣式（比如col-md-9）在其定義的尺寸范圍以外是不起作用的，比如，在小型或者大型屏幕上，所有帶有md的樣式都不會生效。我們可以在一個元素上應用不同的樣式，以適配不同尺寸的屏幕。
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div1 col-xs-6 col-sm-3 qwerwrgwefhsdgfsdfg</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div2 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div3 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div4 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> </div></div>
如圖，由于div3換行時，但div1過高，則div3就右邊緊挨著顯示了。
所以需要利用clearfix樣式清除浮動，但前提是在超小型屏幕上才顯示(用visible-xs控制)
<div class="container" style="border:1px solid black"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div1 col-xs-6 col-sm-3 qwerwrgwefhsdgfsdfg</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div2 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="clearfix visible-xs"></div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div3 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style="border:1px solid black"> div4 col-xs-6 col-sm-3</div> </div></div>
//源代碼.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after,.dl-horizontal dd:before,.dl-horizontal dd:after,.container:before,.container:after,.container-fluid:before,.container-fluid:after,.row:before,.row:after,.form-horizontal .form-group:before,.form-horizontal .form-group:after,.btn-toolbar:before,.btn-toolbar:after,.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:before,.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:after,.nav:before,.nav:after,.navbar:before,.navbar:after,.navbar-header:before,.navbar-header:after,.navbar-collapse:before,.navbar-collapse:after,.pager:before,.pager:after,.panel-body:before,.panel-body:after,.modal-header:before,.modal-header:after,.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after { display: table; content: " ";}.clearfix:after,.dl-horizontal dd:after,.container:after,.container-fluid:after,.row:after,.form-horizontal .form-group:after,.btn-toolbar:after,.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:after,.nav:after,.navbar:after,.navbar-header:after,.navbar-collapse:after,.pager:after,.panel-body:after,.modal-header:after,.modal-footer:after { clear: both;}//源代碼@media (max-width: 767px) { .visible-xs { display: block !important; } table.visible-xs { display: table !important; } tr.visible-xs { display: table-row !important; } th.visible-xs, td.visible-xs { display: table-cell !important; }}以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持武林網。
新聞熱點
疑難解答
