搭建springMVC+jpa的親身經(jīng)歷，看著網(wǎng)上的博客，自己摸索著搭建框架結(jié)果錯(cuò)誤一大堆。現(xiàn)在把流程走一遍，方便以后查看。

　　其中我遇到這樣的一個(gè)問題：直接啟動(dòng)tomcat運(yùn)行保存實(shí)體能通過，但是通過單元測(cè)試就報(bào)一下錯(cuò)誤：

　　　　Caused by: javax.validation.ValidationException: Unable to instantiate Configuration.

解決方法：

　　　　在persistence.xml中添加這個(gè)<property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode" value="none" /> 還是不行，然后百度了下，

　　　　myeclipse 安裝目錄下找到 EE_6這個(gè)目錄把bean-validator.jar去掉了結(jié)果成功了。

　 但是我還是想不通，為啥刪除那個(gè)就行了，而啟動(dòng)tomcat就不會(huì)，為啥tomcat會(huì)忽略這個(gè)問題。看到的大神還請(qǐng)指教。以下是行的通的，如有問題還請(qǐng)指教。（http://m.survivalescaperooms.com/yuanfy008/p/4156287.html）

第一步：準(zhǔn)備相對(duì)應(yīng)的jar包,其實(shí)我也不知道具體要用哪些包（這點(diǎn)需要我去學(xué)習(xí)的），先弄個(gè)大概的然后根據(jù)出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤一個(gè)一個(gè)的添加。

　　第二步：配置web.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <web-app version="3.0"  3     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  5     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee  6     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> 7   <display-name></display-name>     8     <welcome-file-list> 9         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>10       </welcome-file-list>11       <!-- spring事物配置 -->12        <context-param>13         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>14         <param-value>classpath*:spring-*.xml</param-value>15       </context-param>16       <listener>17         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>18       </listener>19       <!-- 全站編碼過濾器 -->20       <filter>21         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>22         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>23         <init-param>24               <param-name>encoding</param-name>25              <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>26         </init-param>27         <init-param>28               <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>29               <param-value>true</param-value>30         </init-param>31       </filter>32       <filter-mapping>33             <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>34         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>35       </filter-mapping>36   37       <!-- springMVC配置器 -->38       <servlet>39         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>40         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>41         <init-param>42              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>43               <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>44         </init-param>45         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>46       </servlet>47       <servlet-mapping>48         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>49         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>50       </servlet-mapping>51 </web-app>

第三步：配置跟hibernate相關(guān)的xml文件 spring-orm.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  4     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 5     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  6     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 7     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  8         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  9         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 10         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 11         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 12         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd 13         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 14         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">15 16     <!-- 配置數(shù)據(jù)源  此段沒用放到了persistence.xml-->    17     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">18         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.MySQL.jdbc.Driver"/>19         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>20         <property name="username" value="root"/>21         <property name="passWord" value="root"/>22     </bean>23     24     <!-- 配置EntityManagerFactory -->25     <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">26         <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="test" />27         <property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"></property>28     </bean>29     30     <!-- 配置jpa的事務(wù)管理器 -->31     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">32         <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>33     </bean>34     35     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />36 </beans>

第四步：配置jpa的配置文件 persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><persistence version="2.0"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">    <persistence-unit name="test" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">         <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>        <properties>            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" />            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false" />            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />            <property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode" value="none" />         </properties>    </persistence-unit></persistence>

第五步：配置springMVC相關(guān)的配置文件，spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">    <!-- 引入注解類              下面兩個(gè)都可以注釋     -->    <mvc:annotation-driven/>    <!-- 文件上傳配置 -->    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">          <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />          <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />          <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />    </bean>        <!-- 靜態(tài)資源訪問配置 -->    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>    <mvc:resources location="/topui/" mapping="/topui/**"/>    <!-- 視圖解析器 -->    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>    </bean> </beans>  

第六步：然后用一個(gè)總的文件囊括這個(gè)幾個(gè)配置文件，單元測(cè)試的時(shí)候就少些很多這些配置文件。spring-sevlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">    <context:annotation-config />    <!-- 注解掃描包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bank.*"/>        <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>    <import resource="spring-orm.xml"/>        </beans>

相應(yīng)的配置完了，然后我們寫個(gè)實(shí)體類，進(jìn)行單元測(cè)試。我們這就以用戶user為例。

@Entitypublic class User {        @Id    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuidGenerator")    @GenericGenerator(name = "uuidGenerator", strategy = "uuid")     @Column(length = 32, nullable = false)    private String userId;        private String userName;    public String getUserId() {        return userId;    }    public void setUserId(String userId) {        this.userId = userId;    }    public String getUserName() {        return userName;    }    public void setUserName(String userName) {        this.userName = userName;    }}

對(duì)應(yīng)的dao層IUserDAO如下：

public interface IUserDAO {        public void save(User user);}

對(duì)應(yīng)的UserDAO如下：

@Repositorypublic class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {@PersistenceContext(unitName="test")private EntityManager entityManager;@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)@Overridepublic void save(User user) {//System.out.println(entityManagerFactory);this.entityManager.persist(user);System.out.println("---"+user.getUserId());}}

然后經(jīng)典的單元測(cè)試來了，如下：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-servlet.xml"})@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = false)public class UserTest {        @Resource    private  IUserDAO userDAO ;        @Before    public void start(){        System.out.println("測(cè)試開始---");    }    @After    public void end(){        System.out.println("測(cè)試over---");    }        @Test    public void test1(){        User user = new User();        user.setUserName("test");        userDAO.save(user);        //System.out.println(userDAO);    }}

測(cè)試輸出如下：

測(cè)試開始------2c92de9e4a340533014a340537290000Hibernate: insert into User (userName, userId) values (?, ?)測(cè)試over---