Pythonunittest

2019-11-14 17:35:35

字體：大中小

來源：轉載

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unittest module包含了編寫運行unittest的功能，自定義的test class都要集成unitest.TestCase類，test method要以test開頭，運行順序根據test method的名字排序，特殊方法:
- setup():每個測試函數運行前運行
- teardown():每個測試函數運行完后執行
- setUpClass():必須使用@classmethod 裝飾器,所有test運行前運行一次
- tearDownClass():必須使用@classmethod裝飾器,所有test運行完后運行一次

示例代碼:

#文件名runtest.py
import randomimport unittestclass TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):    def setUp(self):        self.seq = list(range(10))    def test_shuffle(self):        # make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements        random.shuffle(self.seq)        self.seq.sort()        self.assertEqual(self.seq, list(range(10)))        # should raise an exception for an immutable sequence        self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))    def test_choice(self):        element = random.choice(self.seq)        self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)    def test_sample(self):        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):            random.sample(self.seq, 20)        for element in random.sample(self.seq, 5):            self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)if __name__ == '__main__':    unittest.main()

運行方式:在命令行直接運行這個runtest.py

可以使用unitest.skip裝飾器族跳過test method或者test class,這些裝飾器包括:

@unittest.skip(reason):無條件跳過測試，reason描述為什么跳過測試
@unittest.skipif(conditition,reason):condititon為true時跳過測試
@unittest.skipunless(condition,reason):condition不是true時跳過測試

可以自定義skip decorator

#這是一個自定義的skip decorratordef skipUnlessHasattr(obj, attr):    if hasattr(obj, attr):        return lambda func: func    return unittest.skip("{!r} doesn't have {!r}".format(obj, attr))

skip decorator示例代碼:

class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):    @unittest.skip("demonstrating skipping")    def test_nothing(self):        self.fail("shouldn't happen")    @unittest.skipIf(mylib.__version__ < (1, 3),                     "not supported in this library version")    def test_format(self):        # Tests that work for only a certain version of the library.        pass    @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform.startswith("win"), "requires Windows")    def test_windows_support(self):        # windows specific testing code        pass@unittest.skip("showing class skipping")class MySkippedTestCase(unittest.TestCase):    def test_not_run(self):        pass