轉自：http://zzhonghe.VEvb.com/blog/826162
5.0的多線程任務包對于同步的性能方面有了很大的改進，在原有synchronized關鍵字的基礎上，又增加了ReentrantLock，以及各種Atomic類。了解其性能的優(yōu)劣程度，有助與我們在特定的情形下做出正確的選擇。
總體的結論先擺出來：
package test.thread; import static java.lang.System.out; import java.util.Random; import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException; import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class TestSyncMethods { public static void test(int round,int threadNum,CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier){ new SyncTest("Sync",round,threadNum,cyclicBarrier).testTime(); new LockTest("Lock",round,threadNum,cyclicBarrier).testTime(); new AtomicTest("Atom",round,threadNum,cyclicBarrier).testTime(); } public static void main(String args[]){ for(int i=0;i<5;i++){ int round=100000*(i+1); int threadNum=5*(i+1); CyclicBarrier cb=new CyclicBarrier(threadNum*2+1); out.PRintln("=========================="); out.println("round:"+round+" thread:"+threadNum); test(round,threadNum,cb); } } } class SyncTest extends TestTemplate{ public SyncTest(String _id,int _round,int _threadNum,CyclicBarrier _cb){ super( _id, _round, _threadNum, _cb); } @Override /** * synchronized關鍵字不在方法簽名里面，所以不涉及重載問題 */ synchronized long getValue() { return super.countValue; } @Override synchronized void sumValue() { super.countValue+=preInit[index++%round]; } } class LockTest extends TestTemplate{ ReentrantLock lock=new ReentrantLock(); public LockTest(String _id,int _round,int _threadNum,CyclicBarrier _cb){ super( _id, _round, _threadNum, _cb); } /** * synchronized關鍵字不在方法簽名里面，所以不涉及重載問題 */ @Override long getValue() { try{ lock.lock(); return super.countValue; }finally{ lock.unlock(); } } @Override void sumValue() { try{ lock.lock(); super.countValue+=preInit[index++%round]; }finally{ lock.unlock(); } } } class AtomicTest extends TestTemplate{ public AtomicTest(String _id,int _round,int _threadNum,CyclicBarrier _cb){ super( _id, _round, _threadNum, _cb); } @Override /** * synchronized關鍵字不在方法簽名里面，所以不涉及重載問題 */ long getValue() { return super.countValueAtmoic.get(); } @Override void sumValue() { super.countValueAtmoic.addAndGet(super.preInit[indexAtomic.get()%round]); } } abstract class TestTemplate{ private String id; protected int round; private int threadNum; protected long countValue; protected AtomicLong countValueAtmoic=new AtomicLong(0); protected int[] preInit; protected int index; protected AtomicInteger indexAtomic=new AtomicInteger(0); Random r=new Random(47); //任務柵欄，同批任務，先到達wait的任務掛起，一直等到全部任務到達制定的wait地點后，才能全部喚醒，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行 private CyclicBarrier cb; public TestTemplate(String _id,int _round,int _threadNum,CyclicBarrier _cb){ this.id=_id; this.round=_round; this.threadNum=_threadNum; cb=_cb; preInit=new int[round]; for(int i=0;i<preInit.length;i++){ preInit[i]=r.nextInt(100); } } abstract void sumValue(); /* * 對long的操作是非原子的，原子操作只針對32位 * long是64位，底層操作的時候分2個32位讀寫，因此不是線程安全 */ abstract long getValue(); public void testTime(){ ExecutorService se=Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); long start=System.nanoTime(); //同時開啟2*ThreadNum個數(shù)的讀寫線程 for(int i=0;i<threadNum;i++){ se.execute(new Runnable(){ public void run() { for(int i=0;i<round;i++){ sumValue(); } //每個線程執(zhí)行完同步方法后就等待 try { cb.await(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }); se.execute(new Runnable(){ public void run() { getValue(); try { //每個線程執(zhí)行完同步方法后就等待 cb.await(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } try { //當前統(tǒng)計線程也wait,所以CyclicBarrier的初始值是threadNum*2+1 cb.await(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } //所有線程執(zhí)行完成之后，才會跑到這一步 long duration=System.nanoTime()-start; out.println(id+" = "+duration); } } 新聞熱點
疑難解答
