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#POJ3696# The Luckiest number

2019-11-11 00:35:50
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  The Luckiest number

 

Chinese people think of '8' as the lucky digit. Bob also likes digit '8'. Moreover, Bob has his own lucky number L. Now he wants to construct his luckiest number which is the minimum among all positive integers that are a multiple of L and consist of only digit '8'.InputThe input consists of multiple test cases. Each test case contains exactly one line containing L(1 ≤ L ≤ 2,000,000,000). The last test case is followed by a line containing a zero.OutputFor each test case, PRint a line containing the test case number( beginning with 1) followed by a integer which is the length of Bob's luckiest number. If Bob can't construct his luckiest number, print a zero.Sample Input
811160Sample Output
Case 1: 1Case 2: 2Case 3: 0

題意:

給出一個(gè)數(shù)L(L<2,000,000,000),找一個(gè)最小的L的倍數(shù),使其乘積的每個(gè)數(shù),字都是8,求這個(gè)乘積的位數(shù)。

設(shè)此乘積位數(shù)為x,倍數(shù)為k

則有

(10 ^ x - 1) * 8 / 9 = k * L

      10 ^ x - 1 = 9 / 8 * k * L

令 m = 9 * L / gcd (L , 8), y = k * gcd (L , 8) / 8

若此L有解,則

1:滿足上式

2:k為整數(shù)

3:y為整數(shù)

假設(shè)1,2成立,則3若成立,L即有解

則有

(10 ^ x - 1) % m = 0

 10 ^ x % m = 1

由歐拉公式得: 若上式有解,則必有10與m互素,且x = φ(m)

φ(m)肯定為L(zhǎng)有解的一個(gè)倍數(shù),但不一定是最小的,x的最小值肯定為φ(m)的約數(shù)

于是窮舉約數(shù)檢查是否符合10 ^ x % m = 1,找到最小x

注意:

1:枚舉時(shí)只枚舉到sqrt(φ(m))再倒回去通過(guò)前半段算出后半段即可,節(jié)省時(shí)間

2:此題檢驗(yàn)時(shí)由于是10的指數(shù),容易溢出,所以快速冪相乘時(shí)改成了加法做乘法,倍增加法,原理同倍增快速冪

Code:

StatusAccepted
Time156ms
Memory1728kB
Length1063
LangC++
Submitted
Shared

#include<iostream>#include<cstdio>#include<cmath>using namespace std;typedef long long LL;LL gcd(LL A,LL B){return B==0?A:gcd(B,A%B);}LL mul(LL a, LL b, LL mod){//考慮換成m個(gè)10相加,倍增+mod	LL rt=0;	while(b){		if(b&1)	rt=(rt+a)%mod;		a=(a<<1)%mod;		b>>=1;	}	return rt;}LL qmul(LL a, LL b, LL mod){	LL s=1,tmp=a;	while(b){		if(b&1)	s=mul(s,tmp,mod);		tmp=mul(tmp,tmp,mod);		b>>=1;	}	return s;}LL Euler(LL n){	LL m=(int)sqrt(n+0.5);	LL rt=n;	for(LL i=2; i<=m; ++i)if(n%i==0){		rt=rt/i*(i-1);		while(n%i==0)n/=i;	}	if(n>1)rt=rt/n*(n-1);	return rt;}int main(){	int tot=0,d;	LL L,m;	while(scanf("%I64d",&L)&&L){		m=9*L/gcd(L,8);		printf("Case %d: ",++tot);		d=gcd(10,m);		if(d==1){			LL phi=Euler(m);			LL ans=phi;			LL p=sqrt((double)phi);			bool kk=0;			for(int i=1; i<=p; ++i)if(phi%i==0&&qmul(10,i,m)==1){				ans=i,kk=1;				break;			}			if(!kk){				for(int i=p; i>=2; --i)if(phi%i==0&&qmul(10,phi/i,m)==1){					ans=phi/i,kk=1;					break;				}			}			printf("%I64d/n",ans);		}		else {printf("0/n");}	}}


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