wait()方法表示,放棄當前對資源的占有權,等啊等啊,一直等到有人通知我,我才會運行后面的代碼。 notify()方法表示,當前的線程已經放棄對資源的占有, 通知等待的線程來獲得對資源的占有權,但是只有一個線程能夠從wait狀態中恢復, 然后繼續運行wait()后面的語句; notifyAll()方法表示,當前的線程已經放棄對資源的占有, 通知所有的等待線程從wait()方法后的語句開始運行。 讀出什么區別沒有? 上例子,先是一個nofiyAll()的例子:
java代碼
package com.thread.wait; public class Wait { PRivate int counter = 0; private String name = null; public Wait(int counter,String name){ this.counter = counter; this.name = name; } public synchronized void doSomthing(){ int tempCounter = --counter; if(tempCounter <= 0){ customizedNotifyAll(); } else { while(tempCounter > 0){ try { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-<"+name+tempCounter+">"+"will invoke WAIT()"); --tempCounter; wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); notifyAll(); } System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-<"+name+tempCounter+">"+"has been ACTIVED"); } customizedNotifyAll(); } } public void customizedNotifyAll(){ notifyAll(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-<"+name+counter+">"+"::"+"INVOKED NOTIFYALL() AND FINISHED"); } } Java代碼
package com.thread.wait; public class TestThread implements Runnable { private Wait wait; public TestThread(Wait wait){ this.wait = wait; } public void run() { wait.doSomthing(); } public static void main(String [] args){ Wait wait = new Wait(4,"DAVID"); Thread t1 = new Thread(new TestThread(wait)); Thread t2 = new Thread(new TestThread(wait)); Thread t3 = new Thread(new TestThread(wait)); Thread t4 = new Thread(new TestThread(wait)); t1.start(); t2.start(); t3.start(); t4.start(); } } 運行的結果: Thread-0-<DAVID3>will invoke WAIT() Thread-1-<DAVID2>will invoke WAIT() Thread-2-<DAVID1>will invoke WAIT() Thread-3-<DAVID0>::INVOKED NOTIFYALL() AND FINISHED Thread-0-<DAVID2>has been ACTIVED Thread-0-<DAVID2>will invoke WAIT() Thread-1-<DAVID1>has been ACTIVED Thread-1-<DAVID1>will invoke WAIT() Thread-2-<DAVID0>has been ACTIVED Thread-2-<DAVID0>::INVOKED NOTIFYALL() AND FINISHED Thread-0-<DAVID1>has been ACTIVED Thread-0-<DAVID1>will invoke WAIT() Thread-1-<DAVID0>has been ACTIVED Thread-1-<DAVID0>::INVOKED NOTIFYALL() AND FINISHED Thread-0-<DAVID0>has been ACTIVED Thread-0-<DAVID0>::INVOKED NOTIFYALL() AND FINISHED 看到了吧,一旦調用notifyAll()方法,所有的等待線程都會從調用wait()方法的地方繼續運行起來。 這個運行結果可能每次都不一樣,有時候只有兩個線程運行完成而其余兩個線程在等待其它線程調用notifyAll()方法,有時候只有三個線程運行完成,而另一個還在等待中。 由于本文是講解notify以及notifyAll方法,所以對上面的原因不多加以解釋。 然后是notify()方法的例子: 就是將wait類中的customizedNotifyAll()方法中的notifyAll()方法換成notify()方法 運行結果: Thread-1-<DAVID3>will invoke WAIT() Thread-0-<DAVID2>will invoke WAIT() Thread-2-<DAVID1>will invoke WAIT() Thread-3-<DAVID0>::INVOKED NOTIFYALL() AND FINISHED Thread-1-<DAVID2>has been ACTIVED Thread-1-<DAVID2>will invoke WAIT() Did you see that?所有的等待線程中,只有一個線程運行完成了,而其它的線程還在傻傻地等待,poor guys! 每次運行的結果會不一樣,但是始終只有一個線程能夠運行完成。 Summary: notify()方法只是讓一個線程從wait中恢復過來,至于具體是哪個,那就得看那些線程的運氣了(不設置優先級的情況下),繼續執行后面的語句; notifyAll()方法是讓所有的線程從wait中恢復過來,繼續執行后面的語句。新聞熱點
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